Search results for "Positive"

Monocyte and lymphocyte apoptosis resistance in acute and chronic brucellosis and its possible implications in clinical management.

2003

This study evaluated the level of susceptibility of monocytes and lymphocytes to spontaneously induced and CH11-induced apoptosis in 16 patients with Brucella infection. The expression of some immunological and apoptotic markers was evaluated. Before therapy, monocytes showed a high level of resistance to spontaneously induced or CH11-induced apoptosis in all patients. In patients with acute infection, this resistance persisted for 10-20 days after treatment was initiated, then decreased; in chronically infected patients, it persisted after 45 days of treatment. Lymphocytes were also more resistant to CH 11-induced apoptosis. The level of activated CD8++ T lymphocytes was high in patients w…

Performance of the QuantiFERON-cytomegalovirus (CMV) assay for detection and estimation of the magnitude and functionality of the CMV-specific gamma …

2012

ABSTRACTThe performance of the QuantiFERON-cytomegalovirus (CMV) assay was compared to that of a flow cytometry intracellular cytokine staining (ICS) method for the detection of CMV-specific gamma interferon (IFN-γ)-producing CD8+T-cell responses in allogeneic stem cell transplant (allo-SCT) recipients and for estimations of their magnitude and functionality. A total of 90 whole-blood specimens from 23 allo-SCT recipients was analyzed by both methods. Overall, the percentage of specimens that yielded concordant results by both methods was 68.8% (κ = 0.691; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.548 to 0.835), and the sensitivity of the QuantiFERON-CMV assay for the detection of positive IFN-γ T-ce…

Role of bacteria-specific T cells in the immunopathogenesis of reactive arthritis.

1994

Reactive arthritis is a usually self-limited sterile inflammation of joints that follows certain bacterial gastrointestinal or urogenital infections. The immunopathogenesis involves CD4+ T cells, which mediate an antigen-specific TH1 response to bacterial constituents within the joint. Properties of the arthritogenic bacteria and the physicochemical characteristics of the bacterial antigens may contribute to the development of reactive arthritis.

Anti-adhesion agents against Gram-positive pathogens

2014

The rise of antibiotic-resistance as well as the deficiency of investments by pharmaceutical companies in the development of new antibiotics, have stimulated the investigation of alternative strategies to conventional antibiotics for counteracting the pathogens. A fundamental step of Gram positive pathogenesis is the bacterial adhesion to the host tissue involving a direct and a specific interaction between bacterial surface molecules and host ligands. Targeting the adhesion is a good strategy to design novel anti-infective drugs agents useful to interfere with the pathogenic process and with a virulence mechanism as biofilm formation. This review is focused on anti-virulence compounds whic…

Evaluation of the in-vitro cidal activity and toxicity of a novel peroxygen biocide: 2-butanone peroxide

2007

The monomer of 2-butanone peroxide is a novel peroxygen derivative with potential use as biocide in the hospital environment. The aim of this study was to test the biocidal activity of different concentrations of the compound against American Tissue Culture Collection strains from 11 different micro-organisms, including bacteria, mycobacteria, spores, fungi and virus, following the European Standard guidelines. Toxicity tests were also carried out following United States Environmental Protection Agency Standards. 2-Butanone peroxide exhibited biocidal activity at 0.12% against Legionella pneumophila, at 0.5% against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterococcus hirae, and at 1% …

Improved assessment of T-cell receptor (TCR) VB repertoire in clinical specimens: combination of TCR-CDR3 spectratyping with flow cytometry-based TCR…

2002

ABSTRACTAntigen-specific T-cell responses may be described by combining three categories: (i) the specificity and effector functions of a T-cell population, (ii) the quantity of T-cell responses (i.e., the number of responding T cells within the CD4/CD8 population), and (iii) the “quality” of T cells (defined by the T-cell receptor [TCR] structure). Several methods to measure T-cell responses are now available including evaluation of T-cell precursors using limiting dilution, the enzyme-linked immunospot assay, ex vivo TCR variable (v)-segment analysis determined by flow cytometry, and TCR-CDR3 length analysis (spectratyping), as well as identification of peptide-specific T cells using majo…

In vitro anti-Gram-positive and anti-staphylococcal biofilm activity of newly halogenated pyrroles related to Pyrrolomycins

2007

A case of spotted fever rickettsiosis in a human immunodeficiency virus-positive patient.

2013

Genome characterisation of two Ljungan virus isolates from wild bank voles (Myodes glareolus) in Sweden

2015

Ljungan virus (LV) (family Picornaviridae, genus Parechovirus) is a suspected zoonotic pathogen with associations to human disease in Sweden. LV is a single-stranded RNA virus with a positive sense genome. There are five published Ljungan virus strains, three isolated from Sweden and two from America, and are classified into four genotypes. A further two strains described here were isolated from wild bank voles (Myodes glareolus) caught in Vastmanlands county, Sweden in 1994. These strains were sequenced using next generation pyrosequencing technology on the GS454flx platform. Genetic and phylogenetic analysis of the obtained genomes confirms isolates LV340 and LV342 as two new putative mem…

3,4,5,3’,5’-pentabromo-2-(2’-hydroxybenzoyl) pyrrole: a potential lead compound as anti Gram-positive and anti biofilm agent

2005

The activity against Gram-positive bacteria of 3,4,5,3 ,5 -pentabromo-2-(2 -hydroxybenzoyl)pyrrole I, a synthetic anti-bacterial compound related to pyrrolomycins, was tested in vitro using seven reference bacterial strains and Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus preformed biofilms. Compound I was active against all strains tested, with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 0.002 to 0.097 mg/l and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) from 0.37 to 12.5 mg/l. Compound I was also active at low concentrations against preformed S. epidermidis and S. aureus biofilms.