Search results for "Positive"

Actitudes hacia la sexualidad de las personas con discapacidad intelectual: ¿difiere la población general de las propias personas con discapacidad in…

2020

Un aspecto esencial para garantizar la calidad de vida en las personas con Discapacidad Intelectual (PDI) es la salud sexual. Pese a que en los últimos años se ha aumentado la atención en esta cuestión, es determinante conocer si existen prejuicios que pueden afectar al desarrollo saludable. El objetivo de este estudio ha sido comparar las actitudes hacia la sexualidad de las PDI que tienen ellas mismas con las que tiene la población general (PPG). Para ello un total de 100 PDI (50% hombres y 50% mujeres), de 19 a 55 años completaron la Escala de Percepción Sexual, y 454 PPG (39.4% hombres y 60.6% mujeres), de entre 20-82 años completaron la Escala de Actitudes para la Sexualidad en Persona…

Influence of computer feedback on attentional biases to emotional faces in children

2016

We examined which type of corrective feedback in a computerized task produces an optimal balance between performance and emotional reactions in children. To that end, we conducted an emotional dot-probe task. We employed three types of corrective feedback (negative, positive, or mixed) along with a control, non-feedback condition. We tested the effect of feedback on: (i) task performance; (ii) immediate emotional reactions in terms of attentional preferences toward emotional faces (happy, sad, and angry); and (iii) self-reported affective experience after the task. Results showed that children committed more errors in the non-feedback group than in the mixed and negative feedback groups. Fu…

2021

Intensified job demands (IJDs) originate in the general accelerated pace of society and ever-changing working conditions, which subject workers to increasing workloads and deadlines, constant planning and decision-making about one’s job and career, and the continual learning of new professional knowledge and skills. This study investigated how individual characteristics, namely negative and positive affectivity related to competence demands, and multitasking preference moderate the association between IJDs and cognitive stress symptoms among media workers (n = 833; 69% female, mean age 48 years). The results show that although IJDs were associated with higher cognitive stress symptoms at wo…

The measurement of populist attitudes: Testing cross-national scales using item response theory

2019

Recent research in the populism literature has devoted considerable efforts to the conceptualisation and examination of populism on the individual level, that is, populist attitudes. Despite rapid progress in the field, questions of adequate measurement and empirical evaluation of measures of populist attitudes remain scarce. Seeking to remedy these shortcomings, we apply a cross-national measurement model, using item response theory, to six established and two new populist indicators. Drawing on a cross-national survey (nine European countries, n = 18,368), we engage in a four-folded analysis. First, we examine the commonly used 6-item populism scale. Second, we expand the measurement wit…

Anxiety and Enjoyment in the Foreign Language Classroom

2019

Abstract To balance the research that has been carried out on negative emotions, the researchers in the field of second language acquisition (SLA) have recently focused on the role of positive academic emotions and their role in the process of acquiring a foreign language (FL). The aim of the present article is to examine the relationships between foreign language enjoyment (FLE), foreign language classroom anxiety (FLCA) and students’ academic achievement in English in order to prove that these two emotions do not constitute opposite dimensions but may converge and diverge from time to time during the learning process. This article calls for a more dynamic approach to studying emotions and…

Foreign Language learning and teaching Enjoyment: Teachers’ Perspectives

2019

Aim. The primary objective of the present study was to investigate the level of Foreign Language learning Enjoyment and Foreign Language teaching Enjoyment experienced by foreign language teachers in Poland. The secondary aim of the study was to investigate the sources of FLE from the perspective of FL teachers.
  Methods. The informants of the study were Polish educators teaching foreign languages at different educational levels (from primary to tertiary education). To compute the obtained quantitative data, the statistical program STATISTICA was used. Standard descriptive and inferential statistics were used to report means, median and standard deviation for sociodemographic and base…

The Breast Size Satisfaction Survey (BSSS): Breast size dissatisfaction and its antecedents and outcomes in women from 40 nations

2020

The Breast Size Satisfaction Survey (BSSS) was established to assess women's breast size dissatisfaction and breasted experiences from a cross-national perspective. A total of 18,541 women were recruited from 61 research sites across 40 nations and completed measures of current-ideal breast size discrepancy, as well as measures of theorised antecedents (personality, Western and local media exposure, and proxies of socioeconomic status) and outcomes (weight and appearance dissatisfaction, breast awareness, and psychological well-being). in the total dataset, 47.5 % of women wanted larger breasts than they currently had, 23.2 % wanted smaller breasts, and 29.3 % were satisfied with their curr…

Inclusion of pupils with ADHD symptoms in mainstream classes with PBS

2017

Inclusion is never only a practical issue of placement. School-wide systemic change, together with well-functioning, multi-tiered support, can promote the inclusion of all pupils. This paper draws on research conducted in two mainstream primary schools in Finland. The primary focus was to gain insight into practical solutions to facilitate the inclusion of pupils with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in mainstream teaching. Using an experimental, multiple-baseline, single-case design, we examined the effects of Check-in Check-out (CICO) support on changes in the behaviour of two pupils who displayed ADHD-type behaviours. The key features of CICO are brief morning and afternoo…

Meditation and happiness: Mindfulness and self-compassion may mediate the meditation–happiness relationship

2015

Mindfulness and self-compassion are emerging as crucial constructs in mental health research. Recent studies have shown that both mindfulness and self-compassion skills may play important roles in well-being and positive emotions associated with mindfulness training. Studies are needed to explain this relationship and to determine what facets may be correlating and mediating the meditation-happiness relationship. The aim of this study was to explore the meditation-happiness relationship and examine which mindfulness and self compassion facets are better predictors of happiness. A total of 365 participants completed an assessment protocol composed of: the Five Facets of Mindfulness Questionn…

Corrigendum: Psychological Effects of a 1-Month Meditation Retreat on Experienced Meditators: The Role of Non-attachment

2016

Background: There are few studies devoted to assessing the impact of meditation-intensive retreats on the well-being, positive psychology, and personality of experienced meditators. We aimed to assess whether a 1-month Vipassana retreat: (a) would increase mindfulness and well-being; (b) would increase prosocial personality traits; and (c) whether psychological changes would be mediated and/or moderated by non-attachment. Method: A controlled, non-randomized, pre-post-intervention trial was used. The intervention group was a convenience sample (n = 19) of experienced meditators who participated in a 1-month Vipassana meditation retreat. The control group (n = 19) comprised matched experienc…