Search results for "Positive"
showing 10 items of 1875 documents
Control of cytomegalovirus in bone marrow transplantation chimeras lacking the prevailing antigen-presenting molecule in recipient tissues rests prim…
1998
ABSTRACT Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection during the transient immunodeficiency after bone marrow transplantation (BMT) develops into disease unless antiviral CD8 T cells are restored in due course. Histoincompatibility between donor and recipient is associated with increased risk. Complications may include a rejection response against the foreign major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens and a lack of antiviral control resulting from a misfit between donor-derived T cells and the antigenic viral peptides presented in recipient tissues. Here we have established a murine model of CMV disease after experimental BMT performed across a single MHC class I disparity. Specifically, BALB/c bon…
Intraoperative ventilator settings and their association with postoperative pulmonary complications in neurosurgical patients: Post-hoc analysis of L…
2020
Abstract Background Limited information is available regarding intraoperative ventilator settings and the incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) in patients undergoing neurosurgical procedures. The aim of this post-hoc analysis of the ‘Multicentre Local ASsessment of VEntilatory management during General Anaesthesia for Surgery’ (LAS VEGAS) study was to examine the ventilator settings of patients undergoing neurosurgical procedures, and to explore the association between perioperative variables and the development of PPCs in neurosurgical patients. Methods Post-hoc analysis of LAS VEGAS study, restricted to patients undergoing neurosurgery. Patients were stratified into g…
Association between pre-operative biological phenotypes and postoperative pulmonary complications: An unbiased cluster analysis
2018
BACKGROUND: Biological phenotypes have been identified within several heterogeneous pulmonary diseases, with potential therapeutic consequences. OBJECTIVE: To assess whether distinct biological phenotypes exist within surgical patients, and whether development of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) and subsequent dependence of intra-operative positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) differ between such phenotypes. SETTING: Operating rooms of six hospitals in Europe and USA. DESIGN: Secondary analysis of the 'PROtective Ventilation with HIgh or LOw PEEP' trial. PATIENTS: Adult patients scheduled for abdominal surgery who are at risk of PPCs. INTERVENTIONS: Measurement of pre-operativ…
High versus low positive end-expiratory pressure during general anaesthesia for open abdominal surgery (PROVHILO trial): a multicentre randomised con…
2014
BACKGROUND: The role of positive end-expiratory pressure in mechanical ventilation during general anaesthesia for surgery remains uncertain. Levels of pressure higher than 0 cm H(2)O might protect against postoperative pulmonary complications but could also cause intraoperative circulatory depression and lung injury from overdistension. We tested the hypothesis that a high level of positive end-expiratory pressure with recruitment manoeuvres protects against postoperative pulmonary complications in patients at risk of complications who are receiving mechanical ventilation with low tidal volumes during general anaesthesia for open abdominal surgery. METHODS: In this randomised controlled tri…
Effect of Intraoperative High Positive End-Expiratory Pressure (PEEP) with Recruitment Maneuvers vs Low PEEP on Postoperative Pulmonary Complications…
2019
Importance: An intraoperative higher level of positive end-expiratory positive pressure (PEEP) with alveolar recruitment maneuvers improves respiratory function in obese patients undergoing surgery, but the effect on clinical outcomes is uncertain. Objective: To determine whether a higher level of PEEP with alveolar recruitment maneuvers decreases postoperative pulmonary complications in obese patients undergoing surgery compared with a lower level of PEEP. Design, Setting, and Participants: Randomized clinical trial of 2013 adults with body mass indices of 35 or greater and substantial risk for postoperative pulmonary complications who were undergoing noncardiac, nonneurological surgery un…
Effect of lung mechanics on mechanically assisted flows and volumes.
2004
To correlate the air flows generated by mechanical insufflation-exsufflation as a function of pressure delivery in a lung model at two pulmonary compliance and three airway resistance settings.With each combination of pulmonary compliances of 25 and 50 ml/cm H2O and airway resistances of 6, 11, and 17 cm H2O/liter/sec, ten cycles of mechanical insufflation-exsufflation were applied using pressure deliveries of 40 to -40, 50 to -50, 60 to -60, and 70 to -70 cm H2O. The resulting peak exsufflation flows and volumes were recorded.In a multivariate analysis, the pulmonary compliance, airway resistance, and pressure delivery were all found to significantly affect exsufflation flows and volumes s…
A smart and operator independent system to delineate tumours in Positron Emission Tomography scans
2018
Abstract Positron Emission Tomography (PET) imaging has an enormous potential to improve radiation therapy treatment planning offering complementary functional information with respect to other anatomical imaging approaches. The aim of this study is to develop an operator independent, reliable, and clinically feasible system for biological tumour volume delineation from PET images. Under this design hypothesis, we combine several known approaches in an original way to deploy a system with a high level of automation. The proposed system automatically identifies the optimal region of interest around the tumour and performs a slice-by-slice marching local active contour segmentation. It automa…
Immune pathway upregulation and lower genomic instability distinguish EBV-positive nodal T/NK-cell lymphoma from ENKTL and PTCL-NOS
2022
Primary Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive nodal T/NK-cell lymphoma (PTCL-EBV) is a poorly understood disease which shows features resembling extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTL) and is currently not recognized as a distinct entity but categorized as a variant of primary T-cell lymphoma not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS). Herein, we analyzed copynumber aberrations (n=77) with a focus on global measures of genomic instability and homologous recombination deficiency and performed gene expression (n=84) and EBV miRNA expression (n=24) profiling as well as targeted mutational analysis (n=16) to further characterize PTCL-EBV in relation to ENKTL and PTCL-NOS. Multivariate analysis revealed that …
Histamine and its possible role in cytolysis of white blood cells in guinea pigs sensitized with tubercle bacilli.
1962
DELAYED or tuberculin-type sensitivity is–apart from some single publications–only transferable by white blood cells or peritoneal cells but not with humoral antibodies of sensitized organisms1. In vitro, after addition of antigen, a lysis of white blood cells2 is seen up to 35 per cent2. That effect is preceded by morphological changes3–5. Cytolysis in the presence of plasma will be discussed elsewhere. Labelled lymphoid cells of sensitized guinea pigs will be found after transfer to normal animals at the side of the dermal tuberculin reaction6. The importance of white cells is further revealed by the fact that the tuberculin reaction will be suppressed by a specific anti-lymphocytic serum…
Comparison of two methods skipping cell lysis and protein extraction for identification of bacteria from blood cultures by matrix-assisted laser deso…
2019
ABSTRACT Objective Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass-spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) is widely used for fast identification of bacteria from blood cultures (BC). We compared the performance of two procedures, one including a pre-enrichment step in brain heart infusion and the other a direct method using vacutainer separator gel tubes (DI), for identification of bacteria from blood cultures by MALDI-TOF MS. Material and methods We first prepared a training set of 20 simulated bacteremia specimens, including 10 Gram-negative and 10 Gram-positive species. A total of 145 non-consecutive BCs flagged as positive (68 Gram-negative rods, and 77 Gram-positive cocci) were pr…