Search results for "Positron-emission tomography"
showing 10 items of 228 documents
Differentiation of benign and malignant lymph nodes in pediatric patients on ferumoxytol-enhanced PET/MRI.
2019
The composition of lymph nodes in pediatric patients is different from that in adults. Most notably, normal lymph nodes in children contain less macrophages. Therefore, previously described biodistributions of iron oxide nanoparticles in benign and malignant lymph nodes of adult patients may not apply to children. The purpose of our study was to evaluate if the iron supplement ferumoxytol improves the differentiation of benign and malignant lymph nodes in pediatric cancer patients on 18F-FDG PET/MRI. Methods: We conducted a prospective clinical trial from May 2015 to December 2018 to investigate the value of ferumoxytol nanoparticles for staging of children with cancer with 18F-FDG PET/MRI.…
Association between Cognitive Performance and Cortical Glucose Metabolism in Patients with Mild Alzheimer’s Disease
2004
<i>Background:</i> Neuronal and synaptic function in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is measured in vivo by glucose metabolism using positron emission tomography (PET). <i>Objective:</i> We hypothesized that neuronal activation as measured by PET is a more sensitive index of neuronal dysfunction than activity during rest. We investigated if the correlations between dementia severity as measured with the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and glucose metabolism are an artifact of brain atrophy. <i>Method:</i> Glucose metabolism was measured using [<sup>18</sup>F]fluorodeoxyglucose PET during rest and activation due to audiovisual stimulation in 13 m…
Transmurality of scar influences the effect of a hybrid-intervention with autologous bone marrow cell injection and aortocoronary bypass surgery (MNC…
2010
Abstract Background Cell therapy (CTx) is a strategy to support cardiac regeneration after myocardial infarction (MI). Thus far, clinical studies provided mixed results. Here, we investigated whether transmurality of the infarct may play a relevant role. Methods 18 patients (63±3years, 15 male) undergoing elective coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery 2.2±0.7months post MI participated. 10 had transmural and 8 non-transmural infarct scars assessed by Tc-99m-MIBI Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) and F18-FDG-Positron-Emission-Tomography (PET). During surgery, 10ml of sternal bone marrow were obtained, mononuclear cells (MNC) were isolated. At the end of surgery MNC wer…
Stage-dependent agreement between cerebrospinal fluid proteins and FDG-PET findings in Alzheimer's disease.
2011
Cerebral hypometabolism and abnormal levels of amyloid beta (Aβ), total (t-tau) and phosphorylated tau (ptau) proteins in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are established biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We examined the agreement between these biomarkers in a single center study of patients with AD of severity extending over a wide range. Forty seven patients (MMSE 21.4 ± 3.6, range 13-28 points) with incipient and probable AD underwent positron emission tomography with [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG-PET) and lumbar puncture for CSF assays of Aβ1-42, p-tau181, and t-tau. All findings were classified as either positive or negative for AD. Statistical analyses were performed for the whole samp…
Impact of 18F-Choline PET/CT in the Decision-Making Strategy of Treatment Volumes in Definitive Prostate Cancer Volumetric Modulated Radiation Therapy
2015
INTRODUCTION Aim of the study is to evaluate the impact of Cho-PET/CT in decision-making strategy of patients with localized prostate cancer (PC) eligible to definitive radiotherapy (RT). MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty patients Cho-PET/CT before RT were prospectively enrolled. All patients were treated with volumetric modulated arc therapy with simultaneous integrated boost in 28 fractions. Androgen deprivation therapy was prescribed according to National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) risk classification. Therapeutic strategy based on the Cho-PET/CT evaluation was compared with the strategy that would have been proposed in case of PET not available and/or not strictly indicated, accordin…
FDG-PET and CSF phospho-tau for prediction of cognitive decline in mild cognitive impairment
2006
Specific patterns of cortical glucose metabolism disturbances and increased CSF phospho-tau (p-tau(181)) concentrations could be demonstrated to predict cognitive decline and shift to dementia in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI). But comparisons of both diagnostic tools have not been undertaken so far. The aim of the study was to compare (18)F-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) findings and CSF phospho-tau (p-tau(181)) measurements in the prediction of cognitive deterioration and conversion to dementia in MCI. During follow-up (mean 19 months) eight of 16 patients (50%) showed progressive cognitive decline, and four patients shifted to dementia. Patholog…
Blood-brain barrier disruption by low-frequency ultrasound.
2006
Background and Purpose— A recent study showed a dramatic increase in cerebral hemorrhage comprising atypical locations with low-frequency ultrasound–mediated recombinant tissue plasminogen activator–thrombolysis in humans. Here, we provide a possible explanation for this phenomenon by a side effect observed in a study using the similar ultrasound device. Methods— The study was originally undertaken to investigate by transcranial Doppler sonography, positron emission tomography and perfusion MRI whether transcranial application of wide-field low-frequency ultrasound (300 kHz) improves cerebral hemodynamics in patients with cerebral small vessel disease. Results— Showing no clear positive ef…
Neuronal Correlates of Clinical Asymmetry in Progressive Supranuclear Palsy
2014
Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is characterized by a symmetric hypokinetic syndrome with early falls and vertical supranuclear gaze palsy. However, clinically asymmetric manifestations occur, resembling idiopathic Parkinson disease or corticobasal degeneration. The aim of this study was to determine the neuronal correlates of patients suffering from PSP with a lateralized disease manifestation (hemi-PSP) in comparison to patients with symmetric clinical presentation (symPSP) and corticobasal degeneration.Twenty-three patients with PSP and 8 patients with corticobasal degeneration according to standard diagnostic criteria underwent F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET scans to assess disease…
A case of post-traumatic complex auditory hallucinosis treated with rTMS.
2010
Previous studies of auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia found that the hallucinations were reduced by the application of transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). Here we describe a case of traumatic brain injury associated with continuous music hallucinations. An MRI scan showed a structural lesion of the right temporal pole and a PET scan indicated a hyperactive area of the posterior right temporal lobe. We hypothesized that rTMS applied to the right temporal area would reduce this activity and the corresponding hallucinations. The patient's music hallucinations were significantly reduced by rTMS treatment. A PET scan following treatment also indicated that rTMS treatment reduced bra…
Scandium-44: Benefits of a Long-Lived PET Radionuclide Available from the 44Ti/44Sc Generator System
2011
(44)Ti/(44)Sc radionuclide generators are of interest for molecular imaging. The 3.97 hours half-life of (44)Sc and its high positron branching of 94.27% may stimulate the application of (44)Sc-labeled PET radiopharmaceuticals. This review describes the current status of (44)Ti production, (44)Ti/(44)Sc radionuclide generator development, post-processing of generator eluates towards medical application, identification of ligands adequate to Sc(III) co-ordination chemistry, proof-of-principle labeling of (44)Sc-DOTA-octreotides, investigation of in vitro and in vivo parameters, and initial applications for molecular imaging - both in small animals and humans.