Search results for "Pounds"

showing 10 items of 3374 documents

Spin-Crossover and Liquid Crystal Properties in 2D Cyanide-Bridged FeII−MI/II Metalorganic Frameworks

2010

Novel two-dimensional heterometallic Fe(II)-M(Ni(II), Pd(II), Pt(II), Ag(I), and Au(I)) cyanide-bridged metalorganic frameworks exhibiting spin-crossover and liquid crystal properties, formulated as {FeL(2)[M(I/II)(CN)(x)](y)}·sH(2)O, where L are the ligands 4-(4-alkoxyphenyl)pyridine, 4-(3,4-dialkoxyphenyl)pyridine, and 4-(3,4,5-trisalkoxyphenyl)pyridine, have been synthesized and characterized. The physical characterization has been carried out by means of EXAFS, X-ray powder diffraction, magnetic susceptibility, differential scanning measurements, and Mössbauer spectroscopy. The 2D Fe(II) metallomesogens undergo incomplete and continuous thermally induced spin transition at T(1/2) ≈ 170 …

CyanidesMolecular StructureExtended X-ray absorption fine structure010405 organic chemistrySpin transitionStereoisomerismLigands010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesMagnetic susceptibilityLiquid Crystals0104 chemical sciences3. Good healthInorganic ChemistryCrystallographychemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryLiquid crystalSpin crossoverMetals HeavyMössbauer spectroscopyPyridineOrganometallic CompoundsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryPowder diffractionInorganic Chemistry
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Metabolic relation of cyanobacteria to aromatic compounds

2018

Cyanobacteria, also known as blue-green (micro)algae, are able to sustain many types of chemical stress because of metabolic adaptations that allow them to survive and successfully compete in a variety of ecosystems, including polluted ones. As photoautotrophic bacteria, these microorganisms synthesize aromatic amino acids, which are precursors for a large variety of substances that contain aromatic ring(s) and that are naturally formed in the cells of these organisms. Hence, the transformation of aromatic secondary metabolites by cyanobacteria is the result of the possession of a suitable “enzymatic apparatus” to carry out the biosynthesis of these compounds according to cellular requireme…

CyanobacteriaAromatic compoundsMicroorganismSecondary MetabolismCyanobacteriaApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologyAmino Acids Aromatic03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundBiosynthesisAlgaeBiotransformationMicroalgaeAromatic amino acidsOrganic ChemicalsBiotransformationEcosystem030304 developmental biologyMetabolic relationschemistry.chemical_classification0303 health sciencesbiology030306 microbiologyChemistryMetabolic responseGeneral MedicineMini-Reviewbiology.organism_classificationEnzymeBiochemistryBacteriaBiotechnologyApplied Microbiology and Biotechnology
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The Biosynthesis of Rare Homo-Amino Acid Containing Variants of Microcystin by a Benthic Cyanobacterium

2019

Microcystins are a family of chemically diverse hepatotoxins produced by distantly related cyanobacteria and are potent inhibitors of eukaryotic protein phosphatases 1 and 2A. Here we provide evidence for the biosynthesis of rare variants of microcystin that contain a selection of homo-amino acids by the benthic cyanobacterium Phormidium sp. LP904c. This strain produces at least 16 microcystin chemical variants many of which contain homophenylalanine or homotyrosine. We retrieved the complete 54.2 kb microcystin (mcy) gene cluster from a draft genome assembly. Analysis of the substrate specificity of McyB1 and McyC adenylation domain binding pockets revealed divergent substrate specificity …

CyanobacteriamassaspektrometriaMicrocystinstoksiinitPharmaceutical ScienceMicrocystinPlanktothrixcyanobacteriaArticlebiosynteesi03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundBiosynthesisBacterial ProteinsDrug DiscoveryGene clusterpolycyclic compoundspolyketide synthase (PKS)Protein Interaction Domains and MotifsAmino Acid SequenceAmino AcidssyanobakteeritPharmacology Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (miscellaneous)Genelcsh:QH301-705.5Phylogeny030304 developmental biologymass spectrometrychemistry.chemical_classification0303 health sciencesbiology030302 biochemistry & molecular biologyta1182Sequence Analysis DNAbiology.organism_classificationAmino acidEnzymechemistryBiochemistrylcsh:Biology (General)adenylation domainGenes BacterialMultigene Familynonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS)hepatotoxinMarine Drugs
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Lovastatin causes sensitization of HeLa cells to ionizing radiation‐induced apoptosis by the abrogation of G2 blockage

2003

To investigate the effect of inhibition of Ras/Rho-regulated signalling by 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors (statins) on radiation-induced cell killing and apoptosis.Different human cell lines were pretreated or not with lovastatin before exposure to gamma-rays. Afterwards, radiation-induced cell killing, formation and repair of double-strand breaks, activation of radiation-inducible signal mechanisms (i.e. p53, p21, extracellular-signal-related kinase (ERK), NF-kappaB), changes in cell cycle progression and apoptosis were analysed.As shown by a colony formation assay, lovastatin sensitized HeLa cells to gamma-radiation-induced cell killing. The lovastati…

Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21G2 PhaseMAPK/ERK pathwayApoptosisBiologyHeLaCyclinspolycyclic compoundsmedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingLovastatinSensitizationRadiological and Ultrasound TechnologyKinaseNF-kappa Bnutritional and metabolic diseasesCell cyclebiology.organism_classificationCell biologyCell killingmedicine.anatomical_structureGamma RaysApoptosislipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)LovastatinHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase InhibitorsMitogen-Activated Protein KinasesTumor Suppressor Protein p53DNA DamageHeLa Cellsmedicine.drugInternational Journal of Radiation Biology
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Multiple modes of cell death in neuroendocrine tumors induced by artesunate.

2020

Abstract Background The paucity of effective treatment in neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) encouraged us to investigate the therapeutic value of artesunate (ART) promised by its inhibitory effect against various tumors and broad safety profile. Methods We evaluated the impact of ART on three NET cell lines, BON-1, QGP-1 and NCI-H727 on cellular and molecular levels. Results Our results showed that ART induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress through phosphorylation of eIF2α, which further gave rise to autophagy in all three NET cell lines. Specifically, apoptosis and ferroptosis were also observed in BON-1 cells, which made BON-1 cell line more vulnerable upon ART treatment. The different sens…

Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21NiacinamideProgrammed cell deathPharmaceutical ScienceArtesunateAntineoplastic AgentsApoptosisNeuroendocrine tumorsBiology03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineDownregulation and upregulationCell Line TumorDrug DiscoveryAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsmedicineAutophagyFerroptosisHumans030304 developmental biologyPharmacology0303 health sciencesEndoplasmic reticulumPhenylurea CompoundsAutophagymedicine.diseaseEndoplasmic Reticulum StressNeuroendocrine TumorsComplementary and alternative medicinechemistryCell cultureApoptosisArtesunate030220 oncology & carcinogenesisCancer researchMolecular MedicinePhytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology
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A Modular Formal Total Synthesis of (±)-Cycloclavine

2016

Cycloclavine is a clavine-type Ergot alkaloid noteworthy for its unique pentacyclic skeleton featuring a 3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane substructure. A short convergent route to the racemic alkaloid is described which comprises only eight linear steps and requires only four chromatographic purifications. The two key building blocks can be prepared in high yield from commercially available starting materials. Two consecutive coupling reactions, namely a selective alkylation of a dienolate and a Heck reaction, are the key steps of the reaction sequence.

CycloclavineAlkylationMolecular Structure010405 organic chemistryOrganic ChemistryTotal synthesisStereoisomerismStereoisomerismAlkylationBridged Bicyclo Compounds Heterocyclic010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesCoupling reactionIndole Alkaloids0104 chemical sciencesHexanechemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryCyclizationHeck reactionYield (chemistry)HexanesOrganic chemistryThe Journal of Organic Chemistry
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Enantioselective sensing of dicarboxylates. Influence of the stoichiometry of the complexes on the sensing mechanism

2009

Two new cyclohexane-based thiourea chiral ligands have been synthesized in their enantiomerically pure forms. Both the ability of these ligands in the complexation of chiral dicarboxylates and their sensing properties have been studied. The influence of the stoichiometry of the formed complexes on the fluorescent properties of the systems has been established. The effect of additional substitution in the cyclohexyl moiety was considered by comparing the properties of the newly prepared ligands with those of similar compounds previously described.

CyclohexaneChemistryStereochemistryorganic chemicalsOrganic ChemistryEnantioselective synthesisFluorescenceCombinatorial chemistryCatalysisInorganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundThioureaMoietyheterocyclic compoundsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryStoichiometryTetrahedron: Asymmetry
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Ombitasvir, paritaprevir, and ritonavir, with or without dasabuvir, plus ribavirin for patients with hepatitis C virus genotype 1 or 4 infection with…

2017

Summary Background We ran a compassionate use nationwide programme (ABACUS) to provide access to ombitasvir, paritaprevir, and ritonavir, with dasabuvir, plus ribavirin for hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1 infection and ombitasvir, paritaprevir, and ritonavir, plus ribavirin for HCV genotype 4 infection in patients with cirrhosis at high risk of decompensation while approval of these regimens was pending in Italy. Methods In this prospective observational study, we collected data from a compassionate use nationwide programme from March 17, 2014, to May 28, 2015. Patients with HCV genotype 1 infection and cirrhosis at high risk of decompensation were given coformulated ombitasvir (25 mg), …

CyclopropanesCompassionate Use TrialsLiver CirrhosisMalechemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicine2-NaphthylamineHCV direct-acting antiviral mixed cryoglobulinemia RBVAnilides030212 general & internal medicineLongitudinal StudiesProspective StudiesChronicAdult; Aged; Anilides; Antiviral Agents; Carbamates; Compassionate Use Trials; Drug Therapy Combination; Female; Genotype; Hepatitis C Chronic; Humans; Liver Cirrhosis; Longitudinal Studies; Macrocyclic Compounds; Male; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Ribavirin; Ritonavir; Sulfonamides; Treatment Outcome; UracilSettore MED/12 - GastroenterologiaSulfonamidesDasabuvirHCV DAAGastroenterologyvirus diseasesValineMiddle AgedSettore MED/07 - Microbiologia e Microbiologia ClinicaHepatitis CTreatment OutcomeGastroenterology; HepatologyCombinationDrug Therapy Combination030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyFemalemedicine.drugAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyMacrocyclic CompoundsProlineGenotypeLactams MacrocyclicAdult; Aged; Anilides; Antiviral Agents; Carbamates; Compassionate Use Trials; Drug Therapy Combination; Female; Genotype; Hepatitis C Chronic; Humans; Liver Cirrhosis; Longitudinal Studies; Macrocyclic Compounds; Male; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Ribavirin; Ritonavir; Sulfonamides; Treatment Outcome; Uracil; Hepatology; GastroenterologyHepatitis C virus genotype 1 Hepatitis C virus genotype 4 decompensated liver cirrhosis antiviral therapy dasabuvir ombitasvir paritaprevirHepatology; GastroenterologyAntiviral Agents03 medical and health sciencesDrug TherapyInternal medicineRibavirinmedicineHumansDecompensationAdverse effectUracilAgedRitonavirHepatologybusiness.industryRibavirinHepatitis C ChronicVirologyOmbitasvirClinical trialchemistryParitaprevirRitonavirCarbamatesbusiness
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Safety and efficacy of ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir/dasabuvir plus ribavirin in patients over 65 years with HCV genotype 1 cirrhosis

2018

Purpose: To analyse safety and efficacy of treatment based on ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir/dasabuvir plus ribavirin in the sub-group of GT1 patients older than 65 years. Methods: We collected data extracted from the ABACUS compassionate-use nationwide Italian programme, in patients with cirrhosis due to hepatitis C virus (HCV) Genotype-1 (GT1) or 4 and at high risk of decompensation. GT1-HCV-infected patients received once-daily ombitasvir/paritaprevir, with the pharmacokinetic enhancer ritonavir (25/150/100 mg) and twice-daily dasabuvir (250 mg) plus Ribavirin (RBV) (OBV/PTV/r + DSV + RBV) for 12 (GT1b) or 24 (GT1a) weeks. Endpoints were to evaluate safety and efficacy, the latter def…

CyclopropanesLiver CirrhosisMaleCirrhosis;Dasabuvir;Elderly;Ombitasvir;ParitaprevirCirrhosis; Dasabuvir; Elderly; Ombitasvir; Paritaprevir; Aged; Aged; 80 and over; Anilides; Antiviral Agents; Biomarkers; Carbamates; Female; Hepacivirus; Hepatitis C; Chronic; Humans; Liver Cirrhosis; Macrocyclic Compounds; Male; Ribavirin; Ritonavir; Sulfonamides; Treatment Outcome; Uracil; Drug Therapy; Combination; GenotypeParitaprevirCirrhosis Dasabuvir Elderly Ombitasvir Paritaprevir Microbiology (medical) Infectious DiseasesCirrhosis; Dasabuvir; Elderly; Ombitasvir; Paritaprevir; Aged; Aged 80 and over; Anilides; Antiviral Agents; Biomarkers; Carbamates; Female; Hepacivirus; Hepatitis C Chronic; Humans; Liver Cirrhosis; Macrocyclic Compounds; Male; Ribavirin; Ritonavir; Sulfonamides; Treatment Outcome; Uracil; Drug Therapy Combination; Genotype; Microbiology (medical); Infectious DiseasesHepacivirusGastroenterologychemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineElderly2-Naphthylamine80 and overMedicineAnilides030212 general & internal medicineChronicAged 80 and overSulfonamidesDasabuvirValineGeneral MedicineHepatitis CHepatitis CTreatment OutcomeInfectious DiseasesCirrhosisCombination030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyDrug Therapy CombinationFemaleDasabuvirMacrocyclic CompoundCirrhosis; Dasabuvir; Elderly; Ombitasvir; Paritaprevir; Microbiology (medical); Infectious Diseasesmedicine.drugHumanMicrobiology (medical)medicine.medical_specialtyMacrocyclic CompoundsProlineGenotypeLactams MacrocyclicSettore MED/12 - GASTROENTEROLOGIALiver CirrhosiSulfonamideAntiviral Agents03 medical and health sciencesDrug TherapyInternal medicineRibavirinHumansDecompensationUracilAgedHepatitisAntiviral AgentCirrhosiHepaciviruRitonavirbusiness.industryRibavirinSettore MED/09 - MEDICINA INTERNAAnilideBiomarkerHepatitis C Chronicmedicine.diseaseCirrhosis; Dasabuvir; Elderly; Ombitasvir; Paritaprevir; Aged; Aged 80 and over; Anilides; Antiviral Agents; Biomarkers; Carbamates; Female; Hepacivirus; Hepatitis C Chronic; Humans; Liver Cirrhosis; Macrocyclic Compounds; Male; Ribavirin; Ritonavir; Sulfonamides; Treatment Outcome; Uracil; Drug Therapy Combination; GenotypeOmbitasvirOmbitasvirchemistryParitaprevirCarbamateRitonavirCarbamatesbusinessBiomarkers
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Real-world experience with the all-oral, interferon-free regimen of ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir and dasabuvir for the treatment of chronic hepa…

2017

Summary Real-world studies are relevant to complement clinical trials on novel antiviral therapies against chronic hepatitis C; however, clinical practice data are currently limited. This study investigated effectiveness and safety of ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir (OBV/PTV/r)±dasabuvir (DSV)±ribavirin (RBV) for treatment of HCV genotype (GT) 1 and GT4 infection in a large real-world cohort. The German Hepatitis C Registry is an observational cohort study prospectively collecting clinical practice data on direct-acting antiviral therapies. Patients with GT1/4 infection treated with OBV/PTV/r±DSV±RBV were analysed. Effectiveness was assessed by sustained virologic response in 558 patients…

CyclopropanesLiver CirrhosisMaleHepacivirusSeverity of Illness IndexCohort Studieschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicine2-NaphthylamineGermanyMedicineAnilides030212 general & internal medicineSulfonamidesDasabuvirValineHepatitis CMiddle AgedViral LoadInfectious DiseasesTreatment Outcome030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyDrug Therapy CombinationFemalemedicine.drugAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyMacrocyclic CompoundsGenotypeProlineLactams Macrocyclic03 medical and health sciencesVirologyOmbitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavirInternal medicineHumansUracilAgedRitonavirHepatologybusiness.industryHepatitis C Chronicmedicine.diseaseVirologyOmbitasvirDiscontinuationRegimenchemistryParitaprevirRitonavirCarbamatesbusinessJournal of viral hepatitis
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