Search results for "PreP"

Maternal complications in pregnancy and wheezing in early childhood: a pooled analysis of 14 birth cohorts

2015

Background: Evidence on the effect of maternal complications in pregnancy on wheezing in offspring is still insufficient. Methods: A pooled analysis was performed on individual participant data from fourteen European birth cohorts to assess the relationship between several maternal pregnancy complications and wheezing symptoms in the offspring. Exposures of interest included hypertension and preeclampsia, diabetes, as well as pre-pregnancy overweight (body mass index between 25 and 29.9) and obesity (body mass index >= 30) compared with normal weight (body mass index between 18.5 and 24.9). Outcomes included both ever and recurrent wheezing from birth up to 12-24 months of age. Cohort-speci…

Efficacy of Guanfacine Extended Release in Children and Adolescents with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Comorbid Oppositional Defiant D…

2020

OBJECTIVE To assess the efficacy of the non-stimulant guanfacine extended release (GXR) on attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in children and adolescents, with and without comorbid oppositional defiant disorder (ODD). METHODS Data were derived from 4 phase 3, randomized, placebo-controlled trials of dose-optimized GXR monotherapy, in which at least 10% of participants had a diagnosis of comorbid ODD. SPD503-312 and SPD503-316 were 10- to 13-week studies of GXR (1-7 mg/d). SPD503-314 and SPD503-307 were 8-week studies of GXR (1-4 mg/d). Efficacy was assessed using the ADHD Rating Scale IV (ADHD-RS-IV) total scores. RESULTS In total, 1,084 participants were included (SPD…

A qualitative study of perioperative nursing students' experiences of interprofessional simulation-based learning.

2020

Aim: To explore perioperative nursing students' experiences of interprofessional simulation-based learning to gain a deeper understanding of how this educational tool can be used to support students' learning and enable them to achieve the intended learning outcomes. Background: Despite extensive research, it remains unclear what and how participants learn from interprofessional simulation-based learning. There is a need to specify how interprofessional simulation-based learning should be organised to support and promote learning processes, especially for postgraduate learners. In particular, there seems to be little evidence in the existing literature in the field of educating perioperativ…

COVID-19 … What are drugs and strategies now?

2020

From February 2019 the World faces the Covid19 pandemic. The data in our possession are still insufficient to effectively combat this pathology. The gold standard for diagnosis remains molecular testing, while clinical and instrumental and serological diagnostics are highly nonspecific leading to a slowdown in the battle against covid19.[3] Can Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) help us? The use of large databases to cross-reference data to stratify the diagnostic scores, to quickly differentiate a critical Covid-19 patient from a non-critical one is the challenge of the future. All to achieve better management of resources in the field and a more effective therapeutic a…

Exercise acts as a drug; the pharmacological benefits of exercise.

2012

The beneficial effects of regular exercise for the promotion of health and cure of diseases have been clearly shown. In this review, we would like to postulate the idea that exercise can be considered as a drug. Exercise causes a myriad of beneficial effects for health, including the promotion of health and lifespan, and these are reviewed in the first section of this paper. Then we deal with the dosing of exercise. As with many drugs, dosing is extremely important to get the beneficial effects of exercise. To this end, the organism adapts to exercise. We review the molecular signalling pathways involved in these adaptations because understanding them is of great importance to be able to pr…

Novel Source of Ubiquitous Phthalates as Analytical Contaminant

1981

Influence of poloxamers on the dissolution performance and stability of controlled-release formulations containing Precirol® ATO 5

2005

Abstract Lipid excipients are usually used for the development of sustained-release formulations. When used in relatively high quantities, Precirol ® ATO 5 imparts sustained-release properties to solid oral dosage forms, by forming a lipid matrix. To control or adjust the drug release kinetics from such lipid matrix however, one must often resort to complementary ingredients or techniques. This study investigates the influence of poloxamers (Lutrol ® ) included in lipid matrices composed of glyceryl palmitostearate (Precirol ® ATO 5) on their dissolution performance and their stability. The addition of these hydrophilic polymers in the lipid matrix increased the amount of theophylline relea…

Drugs and Nondrugs:  An Effective Discrimination with Topological Methods and Artificial Neural Networks

2003

A set of topological and structural descriptors has been used to discriminate general pharmacological activity. To that end, we selected a group of molecules with proven pharmacological activity including different therapeutic categories, and another molecule group without any activity. As a method for pharmacological activity discrimination, an artificial neural network was used, dividing molecules into active and inactive, to train the network and externally validate it. The following plot frequency distribution diagrams were used: a function of the number of drugs within a value interval, and the output value of the neural network versus these values. Pharmacological distribution diagram…

Ein isoliertes Nerv-Muskelpr�parat des M. serratus der Ratte

1954

Es wird uber ein neues Nerv-Muskelpraparat der Ratte, das aus dem N. thoracicus longus und dem M. serratus lat. besteht, berichtet und dessen Praparation dargestellt. Die Reaktionen auf Acetylcholin, d-Tubocurarin und Dekamethonium unter normalen Bedingungen, nach „chronischer Denervierung“ und nach Tenotomie werden mitgeteilt. Obgleich histologisch zwischen M. serratus lat. und dem Diaphragma der Ratte Unterschiede bestehen, gleichen sich die Reaktionen der beiden Muskeln auf die genannten Pharmaka und auf tetanische Reizung.

Determination of phenobarbital in plasma by micellar liquid chromatography

2000

A new liquid chromatographic procedure for the determination of phenobarbital in plasma samples is described. The proposed system uses a Spherisorb octadecyl-silane ODS-2 C(18) analytical column, a guard column of similar characteristics, and a 0.03 M CTAB-3% 1-propanol at pH 7 mobile phase. The UV detector was set at 250 nm. Butabarbital was used as internal standard. Sample preparation only required the addition to the plasma samples of a 0.1 M SDS solution at pH 3 and centrifugation before injection into the chromatographic system. The limit of detection was 0.83 microg/mL of phenobarbital in plasma samples. The coefficients of variation were lower than 7. 5%.