Search results for "Prevalence"

showing 10 items of 1793 documents

Violencia de género en mujeres inmigrantes y españolas: magnitud, respuestas ante el problema y políticas existentes

2009

Objetivo: Comparar la prevalencia de la violencia de género entre mujeres inmigrantes y españolas. Describir sus respuestas ante esta situación y posibles diferencias entre ellas. Identificar intervenciones ya existentes en España sobre prevención y atención sociosanitaria de violencia de género dirigidas a inmigrantes. Métodos: Estudio transversal mediante encuesta autoadministrada en 10.202 mujeres que acudieron a centros de atención primaria en España (2006-2007). Análisis de contenido del informe de seguimiento de la ley 1/2004 de medidas de protección integral contra la violencia de género remitido por las comunidades autónomas (CC.AA.) (2005) y las leyes y planes autonómicos más recie…

business.industrymedia_common.quotation_subjectImmigrationPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthPsychological interventionInmigraciónPoison controlBattered womenImmigrationSuicide preventionOccupational safety and healthCountry of originInterpersonal relationshipSocial supportNursingMedicina Preventiva y Salud PúblicaPrevalenceMedicineIntervencionesbusinessMujeres maltratadasInterventionsDemographymedia_commonFactores de riesgoGaceta Sanitaria
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Use of Caffeine for Cognitive Enhancement

2015

Abstract Pharmacological cognitive enhancement (CE) refers to the use of divergent psychoactive substances with the purpose of enhancing one's own cognition (e.g., increasing vigilance, concentration, memory). The group of substances for CE includes divergent over-the-counter drugs. Caffeine-containing products such as coffee, caffeinated drinks, and caffeine tablets are integral part of this group of substances. Furthermore, prescription drugs as well as illicit drugs belong to this group of CE substances (e.g., [psycho-]stimulants, modafinil). The use of caffeine in normal healthy subjects has very limited procognitive effects. However, there are few procognitive effects in healthy but sl…

business.industrymedia_common.quotation_subjectModafinilHealthy subjectsLifetime prevalenceNeuroenhancementCognitionPharmacologychemistry.chemical_compoundchemistrymedicinebusinessCaffeineVigilance (psychology)media_commonmedicine.drug
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Prevalence and factors associated with circadian blood pressure patterns in hypertensive patients.

2009

Comment in Timing of antihypertensive therapy and circadian blood pressure pattern. [Hypertension. 2009] Timing of antihypertensive therapy and circadian blood pressure pattern. Almirall J, Martínez-Ocaña JC, Comas L. Hypertension. 2009 Jun; 53(6):e41; author reply e42. Epub 2009 May 4. Dipping comes of age: the importance of nocturnal blood pressure. [Hypertension. 2009]. Dipping comes of age: the importance of nocturnal blood pressure. O'Brien E. Hypertension. 2009 Mar; 53(3):446-7. Epub 2009 Jan 26.Nondipping in patients with hypertension. [Hypertension. 2009] Ambulatory blood pressure (BP) monitoring has become useful in the diagnosis and management of hypertensive individuals. In addit…

cardiovascular risk factorsMale:Chemicals and Drugs::Chemical Actions and Uses::Pharmacologic Actions::Therapeutic Uses::Cardiovascular Agents::Antihypertensive Agents [Medical Subject Headings]Blood Pressure:Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Adult::Middle Aged [Medical Subject Headings]:Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::Humans [Medical Subject Headings]Cohort Studiescircadian blood pressure patternFactores de riesgo cardiovascularPrevalenceRegistries:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Data Collection::Vital Statistics::Morbidity::Prevalence [Medical Subject Headings]:Geographicals::Geographic Locations::Europe::Spain [Medical Subject Headings]Blood Pressure Monitoring AmbulatoryMiddle AgedCircadian Rhythm:Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Chronobiology Phenomena::Periodicity::Circadian Rhythm [Medical Subject Headings]AmbulatoryHypertension:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Diagnosis::Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures::Monitoring Physiologic::Monitoring Ambulatory::Blood Pressure Monitoring Ambulatory [Medical Subject Headings]CardiologyFemaleCohort studyAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyAmbulatory blood pressurenocturnal blood pressure dip:Check Tags::Male [Medical Subject Headings]:Diseases::Cardiovascular Diseases::Vascular Diseases::Hypertension [Medical Subject Headings]Diabetes mellitusInternal medicine:Phenomena and Processes::Circulatory and Respiratory Physiological Phenomena::Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena::Hemodynamics::Blood Pressure [Medical Subject Headings]:Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Adult [Medical Subject Headings]Internal MedicinemedicineHumansCircadian rhythm:Named Groups::Persons::Age Groups::Adult::Aged [Medical Subject Headings]:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Statistics as Topic::Models Statistical::Linear Models [Medical Subject Headings]Risk factorAntihypertensive AgentsAgedbusiness.industrymedicine.diseaseObesitySurgerycircadianBlood pressure:Check Tags::Female [Medical Subject Headings]Spain:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Epidemiologic Study Characteristics as Topic::Epidemiologic Studies::Cohort Studies [Medical Subject Headings]Linear Models:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Data Collection::Registries [Medical Subject Headings]businessHypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)
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Lifestyle and impact on cardiovascular risk factor control in coronary patients across 27 countries: Results from the European Society of Cardiology …

2019

Aims The aim of this study was to determine whether the Joint European Societies guidelines on secondary cardiovascular prevention are followed in everyday practice. Design A cross-sectional ESC-EORP survey (EUROASPIRE V) at 131 centres in 81 regions in 27 countries. Methods Patients (<80 years old) with verified coronary artery events or interventions were interviewed and examined ≥6 months later. Results A total of 8261 patients (females 26%) were interviewed. Nineteen per cent smoked and 55% of them were persistent smokers, 38% were obese (body mass index ≥30 kg/m2), 59% were centrally obese (waist circumference: men ≥102 cm; women ≥88 cm) while 66% were physically active <30 min 5…

cardiovascular risk factorsMaleCardiac & Cardiovascular SystemsHeart diseaseEpidemiologymedicine.medical_treatmentHealth StatusEUROASPIRE ; cardiovascular risk factors ; guidelines ; lifestyle ; secondary preventionRisk Reduction Behavior*HSM CARRisk FactorsSecondary PreventionARTERY-DISEASEMyocardial infarctionEUROASPIREguidelinesDiet / adverse effectsRegistriesCardiovascular Diseases / physiopathology1102 Cardiorespiratory Medicine and HaematologyHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / therapeutic use*Smoking / epidemiologySmokingHealthy Lifestyle*Middle AgedPREVALENCEEuropeCardiovascular Diseases / diagnosisTreatment OutcomeCardiovascular DiseasesCardiovascular Agents / therapeutic use*LDL Cholesterol LipoproteinsFemaleEurope / epidemiologyCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicineLife Sciences & Biomedicinesecondary preventionmedicine.medical_specialtylifestyleSmoking / adverse effectsCardiovascular risk factorsHEART-DISEASERisk AssessmentLOW-INCOME COUNTRIESLife Style*Cardiovascular Diseases / prevention & control*Cardiovascular preventionmedicineJournal ArticleHumansHealthy Lifestyleddc:610Risk factorLife StyleAgedCardiovascular Diseases / epidemiologyScience & TechnologyTask forcebusiness.industryCardiovascular AgentsSMOKING-CESSATIONProtective Factorsmedicine.diseaseDietEUROASPIRE Investigators*Cross-Sectional StudiesMYOCARDIAL-INFARCTIONCLINICAL-PRACTICEFamily medicineHealth Care SurveysCardiovascular System & CardiologySmoking cessationPatient ComplianceHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase InhibitorsSedentary BehaviorbusinessRisk Reduction BehaviorTASK-FORCE
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PREVALENCE OF ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION AND CHARACTERISTICS OF NOCTURNAL BLOOD PRESSURE PROFILE OF ASTHMA PATIENTS ACCORDING TO THERAPY AND SEVERITY OF T…

2020

Background: several studies report an increased risk for asthmatic subjects to develop arterial hypertension and the relationship between these two diseases, frequently co-existing, still has some unclear aspects. Methods: The BADA (blood pressure levels, clinical features and markers of subclinical cardiovascular damage of asthma patients) study is aimed to evaluate the prevalence of the cardiovascular comorbidities of asthma and their impact on the clinical outcome. The main exclusion criteria were the presence of other respiratory diseases, current smoking, any contraindication to ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM). Results: The overall percentage of asthmatics having also hyper…

cardiovascular riskAdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyAmbulatory blood pressurePatientsPhysiologyHealth Toxicology and Mutagenesislcsh:MedicineBlood PressureDisease030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyEssential hypertensionSeverity of Illness IndexArticlenocturnal dipping of blood pressure03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineRisk FactorsDiabetes mellitusInternal medicinePrevalenceInternal MedicinemedicineHumans030212 general & internal medicineContraindicationAgedAsthmabusiness.industrylcsh:RPublic Health Environmental and Occupational Healthessential hypertensionOdds ratioasthmaBlood Pressure Monitoring AmbulatoryMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseNocturnal blood pressureCircadian RhythmNocturnal dipping of blood pressure.Blood pressureHypertensioninhaled corticosteroid therapyFemaleCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicinebusinessBody mass indexJournal of Hypertension
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Caries Severity, Decayed First Permanent Molars and Associated Factors in 6-7 Years Old Schoolchildren Living in Palermo (Southern Italy).

2023

To date, there are very few epidemiologic studies on caries disease in 6–7 year old children living in Sicily (Southern Italy). The first permanent molar (FPM) is the most commonly affected tooth in this target population, and a one-unit increase in the number of decayed FPMs is predictive of caries in other teeth and in adulthood. The primary aim of this research is to estimate the prevalence of caries in 6–7 year old schoolchildren living in Palermo and, as a secondary aim, to estimate the prevalence of affected FPMs. It was designed as a cluster cross-sectional survey on 995 children from 16 schools, selected based on their geographical location, in one of the eight city districts. Carie…

caries prevalencesocio-economic conditionchildrenItalySettore MED/28 - Malattie Odontostomatologiche610 Medicine & healthdental cariesocio-economic disparities in healthsocio-economic determinant610 Medicine & healthcaries severitySettore MED/01 - Statistica Medica
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Prospective analysis of the influence of sport and educational factors on the prevalence and initiation of smoking in older adolescents from Croatia

2017

The prevalence of smoking among Croatian adolescents is alarmingly high, but no previous study has prospectively examined the sport- and academic-factors associated with smoking and smoking initiation. This study aimed to prospectively examine the associations between scholastic (educational) achievement and sport factors and smoking in 16- to 18-year-old adolescents. This two-year prospective cohort study included 644 adolescents who were 16 years of age at baseline (46% females). Baseline testing was implemented at the beginning of the 3rd year of high school (September 2014) when participants were 16 years old. Follow-up testing was completed at the end of the fourth year of high school,…

cigarettes; academic achievement; sports; puberty; associationMalePediatricsmedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentCroatiaHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisProtective factorlcsh:MedicineAcademic achievementLogistic regressionAcademic achievementArticleOddsAssociation03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineOdds RatioPrevalencemedicineHumansProspective Studies030212 general & internal medicineProspective cohort studyCigaretteSocioeconomic statusSport030505 public healthbusiness.industrylcsh:RSmokingPubertyPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthOdds ratioConfidence intervalcigarettes ; academic achievement ; sports ; puberty ; associationAcademic achievement; Association; Cigarettes; Puberty; Sports; Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health; Health Toxicology and MutagenesisLogistic ModelsSocial ClassFemalesports0305 other medical sciencebusinesscigarettesDemography
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MRSA ST22-IVa (EMRSA-15 clone) in Palermo, Italy

2010

Summary: Epidemic spread of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains carrying the Staphylococcal Chromosomal Cassettes (SCC) mec type IV is being increasingly reported in many geographical areas. A survey to determine the prevalence and characteristics of MRSA SCCmec IV isolates identified in four general hospitals in Palermo, Italy, was carried out. During the period February–June 2009, SCCmec type IVa has been found in 12 out of 94 isolates. Nine isolates from all hospitals and all strains from a NICU outbreak occurring in the same period were attributed with the ST22-IVa (EMRSA-15) clone. In our setting, due to the changing MRSA epidemiology, detection of SCCmec IV coul…

clone (Java method)Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureusMeticillinEpidemiologyDrug resistanceMRSAMolecular typingmedicine.disease_causeHospitals GeneralMicrobiologylcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseasesDisease OutbreaksMolecular typingEpidemic spreadPrevalenceMedicineHumanslcsh:RC109-216EMRSA-15business.industrylcsh:Public aspects of medicinePublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthOutbreaklcsh:RA1-1270General MedicineStaphylococcal Infectionsbiochemical phenomena metabolism and nutritionbacterial infections and mycosesVirologyInfectious DiseasesCross-Sectional StudiesItalyStaphylococcus aureusST22-IVAsense organsbusinessmedicine.drugBeta lactam antibioticsJournal of Infection and Public Health
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A Comparison of Depression and Anxiety among University Students in Nine Countries during the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021

The mental health of young adults, particularly students, is at high risk during the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this study was to examine differences in mental health between university students in nine countries during the pandemic. The study encompassed 2349 university students (69% female) from Colombia, the Czech Republic (Czechia), Germany, Israel, Poland, Russia, Slovenia, Turkey, and Ukraine. Participants underwent the following tests: Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-8), Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7), Exposure to COVID-19 (EC-19), Perceived Impact of Coronavirus (PIC) on students’ well-being, Physical Activity (PA), and General Self-Reported Health (GSRH). The one-way…

cross-national studyChinaGeneralized anxiety disorderphysical activityLogistic regressionSelfStressArticle03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineGeneralized AnxietyLifePandemicmedicinegenderPrevalence030212 general & internal medicineYoung adultDepression (differential diagnoses)Disordersstudentsbusiness.industryRCOVID-19GenderGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaseanxietyMental healthgeneral self-reported healthmental health; anxiety; depression; students; COVID-19; general self-reported health; physical activity; gender; cross-national study030227 psychiatryPatient Health QuestionnairedepressionSymptomsMedicineAnxietymedicine.symptombusinessmental healthMental-HealthDemographyJournal of Clinical Medicine; Volume 10; Issue 13; Pages: 2882
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Assessment of oral manifestations in pediatric patients with celiac disease in relation to marsh types

2022

To investigate the presence of molar-incisor hypoplasia and recurrent aphthous ulcers, the level of caries experience, and oral hygiene status, and to measure salivary flow rate, salivary buffer capacity, and salivary cariogenic microflora with Marsh types. A single-blind, prospective clinical study with 62 pediatric patients diagnosed with celiac disease with 64 controls. Clinical identification of molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH) was followed according to the European Academy of Pediatric Dentistry criteria. DMFS and dfs index were used for the caries experience of each child. The clinical diagnosis of RAU was present or not. Oral hygiene was surveyed by recording the OHI-S and the …

dental implantdiagnosisDental CariesCeliac DiseaseOtorhinolaryngologyWetlandspanoramic radiographyPrevalenceHumansSurgeryDental Enamel HypoplasiaStomatitis AphthousSingle-Blind MethodProspective StudiesChildGeneral DentistryUNESCO:CIENCIAS MÉDICASperi-implantitis
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