Search results for "Processes"
showing 10 items of 3831 documents
Neural activation induced by an odour mixture perceived elementally or configurally by the newborn rabbit
2013
National audience; Perception of odours plays a crucial role in mammals facilitating interindividual communication, food choice and detection of danger, even from early in life (e.g. mother-young communication). However, little is known about the brain processing and perception of odorants in mixtures, which is by far the more common situation in life. To better understand how the brain processes odorants in mixtures, we used the newborn rabbit as a model. Rabbit pups display a clear sucking behaviour in response to the mammary pheromone (MP, the single molecule 2MB2) carried in the milk of lactating rabbit females. The MP also promotes associative conditioning and very rapid acquisition of…
Olfactory responses: attraction or avoidance of food odours in the first two years of life?
2012
National audience; Olfaction is a salient sensory modality early in life. Neonates show keen olfactory sensitivity and hedonic responsiveness. However, little is known on how olfactory responses develop over the first two years, especially in term of hedonics. Besides, olfaction plays an important role in the perception and appreciation of foods. Here, we aim to assess hedonic reactivity to food odours in the first two years of life in the context of a longitudinal study on the development of food preferences (OPALINE). Olfactory tests were conducted on 235 participants at 8, 12, 22 months. Scented and unscented bottles were presented successively and sequentially to them. The stimuli consi…
Increasing knowledge of odors and molecular structures linkages of smell compounds by comparing UMAP method to other classification approaches
2021
International audience; The olfactory perception begins at the olfactory epithelium level with the activation of olfactory receptors (ORs) by the binding of odorants1. The olfactory system can discriminate a huge number of odors that would reach 1 trillion2. Odor structure relationships in olfaction is a challenging area and a key element in understanding the olfactory system3-5. This study aims to highlight the relationships between the structure of smell compounds and their odors. For this purpose, 6038 odorant compounds and their known associated odors (162 odor notes) were compiled. We assessed four dimensional reduction techniques (PCA, MDS, t-SNE and UMAP6) and two clustering methods …
How odorant metabolizing enzymes shape odor perception?
2020
International audience; Lingering in the background of every odorant-receptor interaction is an odor metabolizing enzyme. Over the last several years, a fascinating set of studies in rodents, rabbits, insects and humans has demonstrated that these enzymes participate in the active biotransformation of odorous molecules within the perireceptor environment. These mechanisms may exert two unique effects: first, to maintain odor sensitivity by reducing receptor saturation, and second, to transform the local milieu of the odor components giving rise to unique odor percepts. This symposium will focus on the impact of odorant metabolizing enzymes (OMEs) on functional and behavioral aspects of olfa…
A biometic olfactory based biosensor combining electrochemistry and odorant-binding
2012
A biometic olfactory based biosensor combining electrochemistry and odorant-binding. Food Factory 2012
Carboxylic acid perception is mediated by at least two complementary sensory modalities in Drosophila melanogaster larvae
2015
Carboxylic acid perception is mediated by at least two complementary sensory modalities in Drosophila melanogaster larvae. Neurobiology of Drosophila
Evidence for interactions between aroma compounds and the CB1 receptor: a way to regulate food intake?
2012
National audience; Obesity is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, characterised by a chronic imbalance of energy homeostasis. The regulation of dietary intake appears to be an effective way to regulate this imbalance. Furthermore, it is now well established that the endocannabinoid system influences appetite via the cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1): CB1 agonists can promote food intake while CB1 antagonists tend to decrease appetite (1). Interestingly, recent studies showed that CB1-like receptors are expressed in the olfactory epithelium of Xenopus laevis tadpoles (2). Elsewhere, it has been demonstrated that aroma perception is implicated in the process of satiety (3). Co…
Do you like cream in your coffee? This could be due to your saliva composition…
2014
Saliva composition can be modified by several factors (mastication, diet), but remains fairly stable for an individual subject in resting conditions. Saliva composition is linked to the sensory perception of fat and bitterness, and should thus be considered to better understand and model taste and food perception.
Salivary proteins and bitterness acceptance in infants: an intringuing link
2012
Salivary proteins and bitterness acceptance in infants: an intringuing link[u][/u]. 9. European symposium on saliva
Food composition and oral processing influencing flavour release and perception
2013
Aroma and taste release depend on food composition and texture Oral physiology influences aroma and taste release and perception (interindividual variability) Aroma and taste release does not always explain aroma and taste perception Aroma-taste cross modal interactions may explain these differences Aroma-taste cross modal interactions can also be used in a strategy of salt reduction.