Search results for "Psychological tests"

Changing associations between cognitive impairment and imaging in multiple sclerosis as the disease progresses.

2013

The authors explored cross-sectional associations between MRI parameters (lesion metrics, brain volumes, magnetization transfer ratio histograms, and metabolite concentrations) and cognition in 61 patients who experienced clinically-isolated syndromes (CIS) 7 years earlier. IQ decline and poorer overall cognition were associated with T2 white-matter lesions, and slow information-processing with both T2 lesions and gray-matter atrophy. In a previous study of the same cohort, gray-matter atrophy measured shortly after CIS failed to predict development of cognitive impairment years later. Our findings suggest that gray-matter pathology, reflected by atrophy measurements, becomes increasingly i…

MRS SHOWS ABNORMALITIES BEFORE SYMPTOMS IN FAMILIAL ALZHEIMER DISEASE

2006

Background: Pathologic change in Alzheimer disease (AD) begins some years before symptoms. MRS has the potential to detect metabolic abnormalities reflecting this early pathologic change. Presenilin 1 (PS1) and amyloid precursor protein (APP) mutation carriers have a nearly 100% risk of developing AD and may be studied prior to symptom onset. Methods: Short echo time proton MR spectra were acquired from a midline posterior cingulate voxel in presymptomatic carriers of PS1 or APP mutations (“presymptomatic mutation carriers” [PMCs]; n = 7) and age- and sex-matched control subjects (n = 6). Ratios of N-acetyl aspartate (NAA), myo-inositol (MI), and choline-containing compounds (Cho) to creati…

Abnormalities in cognitive-emotional information processing in idiopathic environmental intolerance and somatoform disorders

2007

Idiopathic environmental intolerance (IEI) represents a functional somatic syndrome marked by diverse bodily complaints attributed to various substances in the environment. Evidence for abnormalities in affective information processing similar to somatoform disorders (SFD) has recently been found in people with IEI. In order to further investigate these cognitive-emotional abnormalities, we compared people with IEI (n=49), SFD only (n=43), and non-somatoform controls (n=54) with respect to their performance in the extrinsic affective Simon task (EAST). This task allowed us to dissociate indicators of automatic affective associations and emotional intrusion effects of both bodily complaints …

Patient reported feasibility and acceptance of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) screening pre- and postoperatively in brain tumour patients.

2018

Abstract Background Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) represents a short screening tool for neuropsychological deficits. The study’s aim was to test feasibility and acceptance of MoCA in patients with brain tumours perioperatively. Methods Patients with supratentorial located brain tumours were assessed preoperatively (t1, day −1) and postoperatively (t2, day 3–5) using EORTC-QLQ-C30 + BN20, Distress Thermometer (DT) and the MoCA test (different versions). Feasibility was evaluated by a feedback form and patients were asked about perceived discomfort, overstraining or complexity of MoCA. Results of MoCA were correlated with clinical factors. Results 63 patients participated, 19 were male…

Effects of cumulative sleep restriction on self-perceptions while multitasking

2012

Summary This study addressed a rarely studied question of self-perceptions of performance and overall functional state during cumulative sleep restriction and the ensuing recovery period. Twenty healthy male volunteers, aged 19–29 years, were divided into a sleep restriction group (n = 13) and a control group (n = 7). On the first 2 nights, the sleep restriction group had an 8-h sleep opportunity that was restricted to 4 h for the next 5 nights, and then restored to 8 h for the last 2 nights. The control group had an 8-h sleep opportunity each night. Each day participants accomplished 50-min multitask sessions and gave self-ratings in their connection. Similar to our previous findings on mu…

Predictors of complicated grief in mourners of sudden cardiac death.

2021

Monitoring cognitive changes: Psychometric properties of six cognitive tests

2004

Objectives. Repeated neuropsychological assessments are often used to monitor change in cognitive functioning over time. Thus, knowledge about the reliability and stability of neuropsychological tests and the effects of age and IQ is of paramount importance. In this study we document, for six cognitive tests: test-retest reliabilities, practice effects, reliable change (RC) indices corrected for practice, and the impact of premorbid IQ and age. Design. A sample of 188 normal adults (aged 40-70 years) were administered, on two occasions, one or more of the following tests: the Graded Naming Test (GNT), the Silhouettes Test, two tests of verbal fluency, the Modified Wisconsin Card Sorting Tes…

Barriers to physical activity in coronary artery disease patients: Development and validation of a new scale

2017

Abstract Objective To develop and validate a self-report questionnaire to measure barriers to regular physical activity (PA) in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods Phase 1: 17 patients completed a semi-structured interview. After grouping and reformulating the reported barriers, their pertinence was reevaluated by the patients. Then, a decision algorithm was used to select items. A principal component analysis was performed to determine content validity. Phase 2: 49 patients completed the questionnaire resulting from phase 1 twice, 7 days apart, and questionnaires to evaluate depression, anxiety, and the level of physical activity. Construct validity was evaluated by…

Are negative mood states associated with cognitive function in newly diagnosed patients with epilepsy?

2000

Summary: Purpose: The association of self-reported subclinical depressive symptoms and negative mood states with cognitive functioning was evaluated in 51 consecutive newly diagnosed adult persons with epilepsy. Methods: Emotional state was assessed with Profile of Mood States (POMS) and Brief Depression Scale (BDS) and was correlated with a battery of neuropsychological tests. Results: Patients with epilepsy reported more depressive symptoms in BDS than in controls. They also had more feeling of bewilderment and less vigor on POMS. Higher scores in BDS and in POMS inefficiency scale were associated with slower nondominant hand tapping, but emotional state did not correlate with cognitive m…

Neurocognitive Impairment in Bipolar Patients With and Without History of Psychosis

2008

Objective: Little is known regarding the impact of psychotic symptoms on the cognitive functioning of bipolar patients. Findings from previous reports are controversial and mainly focused on current psychotic symptoms. The main aim of this study was to ascertain whether the history of psychotic symptoms was associated with greater cognitive impairment in euthymic bipolar patients. Method: Sixty-five euthymic bipolar disorder patients (DSM-IV criteria; 35 with a history of psychotic symptoms and 30 without such a history) were assessed through a neuropsychological battery targeting attention, psychomotor speed, verbal memory, and executive functions. Thirty-five healthy controls were also in…