Search results for "Psychotic"
showing 10 items of 360 documents
Smoking cessation opportunities in severe mental illness (tobacco intensive motivational and estimate risk — TIMER—): study protocol for a randomized…
2019
There is an increased risk of premature death in people with severe mental illness (SMI). Respiratory disorders and cardiovascular disease are leading causes of increased mortality rates in these patients, and tobacco consumption remains the most preventable risk factor involved. Developing new tools to motivate patients towards cessation of smoking is a high priority. Information on the motivational value of giving the lung age and prevention opportunities is unknown in this high-risk population. In the context of community care, screening and early detection of lung damage could potentially be used, together with mobile technology, in order to produce a prevention message, which may provi…
Perceived public stigma towards schizophrenia among healthcare students: The relationship with diagnostic labelling and contact with people with schi…
2021
Objectives This study aimed at investigating the relationship between perceived public stigma towards people with schizophrenia (PWS) and their family members in a large sample of medical and psychology students. We hypothesised that: a) schizophrenia labelling would be related to greater perceived public stigma; b) contact with PWS would be related with lower perceived stigma; c) perceived public stigma would be similar between medical and psychology students and would be higher among students attending the clinical stage compared to their pre-clinical colleagues. Methods Participants were 592 students attending either the pre-clinical or clinical stage of coursework in Medicine and Psycho…
Reduction of clozapine-induced hypersalivation by pirenzepine is safe.
2004
Introduction Hypersalivation is known as a frequent, disturbing, and socially stigmatizing side effect of therapy with the atypical antipsychotic clozapine. It has been shown that the addition of the anticholinergic pirenzepine is able to reduce clozapine-induced hypersalivation, probably by blocking M4-receptors. Nevertheless, a pharmacokinetic interaction between both compounds cannot be excluded. Methods In this pilot study, 29 schizophrenic patients (ICD-10; 51.7 % female; age: 36.7 +/- 8.7 years [mean +/- SD]) were included. Serum concentrations of clozapine and its pharmacologically active metabolite N-desmethylclozapine were determined under steady-state conditions by automated HPLC …
Adjunctive clotiapine for the management of delusions in two adolescents with anorexia nervosa
2021
Clotiapine is an atypical antipsychotic indicated for the management of a series of acute psychotic disorders. The current literature lacks evidence concerning the tolerability and clinical use of this drug in the management of individuals with anorexia nervosa (AN). In this study, we report two cases of adolescents with AN, treated with clotiapine. The reason for the administration of clotiapine was, for both patients, the manifestation of bizarre delusions concerning food and calories. Patient 1 presented a presyncope after the first dose of clotiapine, and treatment was rapidly discontinued. Patient 2 was treated with clotiapine for 9 months; doses were titrated from 20 mg/day to 70 mg/d…
Phenothiazines interfere with dopaminergic neurodegeneration in Caenorhabditis elegans models of Parkinson's disease
2010
Oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of various neurodegenerative disorders, conventional antioxidant strategies have yet been of limited success. We have employed transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans expressing DsRed2 in dopaminergic neurons and CFP pan-neuronally, to characterize in larval and adult animals the effects of rotenone and 1-methyl-4-phenyl-pyridinium (MPP(+)) on the dopaminergic system. Investigating the antioxidant phenothiazine and different derived antipsychotic drugs, it was found that free phenothiazine exerted strong neuroprotection at the cellular level and resulted in a better performance in behavioral assays, whereas apomorphine and other dopamine agonists o…
Evidence against linkage of schizophrenia to chromosome 5q11-q13 markers in systematically ascertained families.
1992
Ten pedigrees systematically ascertained in Germany were tested for linkage to chromosome 5q11-q13. In order to replicate the previous report by Sherrington et al (1988), families with a bipolar family member were omitted from the lod score calculations, all diagnoses were based upon Research Diagnostic Criteria, and four different models of the affection status were calculated, including the model for which Sherrington et al calculated the highest lod scores. None of the families investigated showed a positive lod score. Using multipoint linkage analyses, we were able to exclude the region for which a positive linkage has been reported.
Real-world effectiveness of long acting aripiprazole: Treatment persistence and its correlates in the Italian clinical practice
2019
Abstract Objectives To identify the variables that are associated with persistence to Aripiprazole-Long Acting (A-LAI), in adult patients with schizophrenia. Methods Observational, retrospective, non-interventional study involving 261 patients with schizophrenia. Results Eighty-six percent of study subjects were persistent for at least 6 months. All subjects with baseline CGI-S of 1 or 2, 95% of subjects with CGI-S of 3, 86% with CGI-S of 4, 82% of subjects with CGI-S of 5, 73% of subjects with CGI of 6 and 90% of subjects with CGI of 7 were persistent. A-LAI treatment continuation rate was higher in patients with: 1) baseline CGI score ≤ 4; 2) schizophrenia dimension (LDPS) mania score ≤ 5…
Off-label long acting injectable antipsychotics in real-world clinical practice: a cross-sectional analysis of prescriptive patterns from the STAR Ne…
2022
Introduction: Information on the off–label use of Long–Acting Injectable (LAI) antipsychotics in the real world is lacking. In this study, we aimed to identify the sociodemographic and clinical features of patients treated with on– vs off–label LAIs and predictors of off–label First– or Second–Generation Antipsychotic (FGA vs. SGA) LAI choice in everyday clinical practice. Method: In a naturalistic national cohort of 449 patients who initiated LAI treatment in the STAR Network Depot Study, two groups were identified based on off– or on–label prescriptions. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to test several clinically relevant variables and identify those associated with th…
Comparing 1-year effectiveness and acceptability of once-monthly paliperidone palmitate and aripiprazole monohydrate for schizophrenia spectrum disor…
2022
In this prospective study, we assessed the effectiveness and acceptability of paliperidone palmitate 1-month (PP1M) and aripiprazole monohydrate (AM) over 1-year follow-up. We included 195 subjects (117 treated with PP1M and 78 with AM) with schizophrenia spectrum disorders from real-world settings. We estimated no differences in hospitalization (Odds Ratio=1.59; p = 0.12), symptoms improvement (p = 0.90 adjusted for baseline severity), and discontinuation (Hazard Ratio=0.72; p = 0.20) at study endpoint. Although current evidence suggests the possible superiority of AM over PP1M, our findings showed comparable effectiveness between these drugs. Additional studies in real-world settings with…
Synthesis and characterization of biotinylated and photoactivatable neuroleptics. Novel bifunctional probes for dopamine receptors
1992
Abstract We have synthesized and characterized a series of novel derivatives of established antagonists of the neurotransmitter dopamine, i.e. butyrophenones, hexahydrocarbolines and phenothiazenes. All derivatives were biotinylated, some of them carried an additional (photoactivatable) azido group. In the case of butyrophenones, the structural modifications were introduced at the aliphatic keto group and/or the heterocyclic ring system, both modifications resulting in significant decreases in binding affinity to dopamine D 2 and dopamine D 1 receptor subtypes. Biotinylation of hexahydrocarbolines significantly increased their binding affinity to D 1 receptors, with the affinity for D 2 rec…