Search results for "Pten"
showing 10 items of 211 documents
Response to Stanich et al.: Correspondence regarding-PTEN hamartoma tumor syndromes in childhood-Description of two cases and a proposal for follow-u…
2014
The follow-up protocol, which we describe in this study can serve as a practical proposal for clinicians, and as a basis for future studies. We strongly urge the clinician to start an early surveillance of the gastrointestinal tract including regular endoscopy. The main management goals in PHTS patients are to detect colon cancer early, and to prevent polyp-related complications (bowel obstruction from intussusception). The presence of multiple nonmalignant polyps in patients with PTEN mutations may complicate noninvasive methods of colon evaluation [Tan et al., 2012]. In addition, there is a high variability in severity of polyps progression, and the malignant potential of these lesions is…
Regulation of GSK-3 activity by curcumin, berberine and resveratrol: Potential effects on multiple diseases.
2017
Natural products or nutraceuticals promote anti-aging, anti-cancer and other health-enhancing effects. A key target of the effects of natural products may be the regulation of the PI3K/PTEN/Akt/mTORC1/GSK-3 pathway. This review will focus on the effects of curcumin (CUR), berberine (BBR) and resveratrol (RES), on the PI3K/PTEN/Akt/mTORC1/GSK-3 pathway, with a special focus on GSK-3. These natural products may regulate the pathway by multiple mechanisms including: reactive oxygen species (ROS), cytokine receptors, mirco-RNAs (miRs) and many others. CUR is present the root of turmeric (Curcuma longa). CUR is used in the treatment of many disorders, especially in those involving inflammatory p…
Mutations and Deregulation of Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK and PI3K/PTEN/Akt/mTOR Cascades Which Alter Therapy Response.
2012
The Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK and PI3K/PTEN/Akt/mTOR cascades are often activated by genetic alterations in upstream signaling molecules such as receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK). Certain components of these pathways, RAS, NF1, BRAF, MEK1, DUSP5, PP2A, PIK3CA, PIK3R1, PIK3R4, PIK3R5, IRS4, AKT, NFKB1, MTOR, PTEN, TSC1, and TSC2 may also be activated/inactivated by mutations or epigenetic silencing. Upstream mutations in one signaling pathway or even in downstream components of the same pathway can alter the sensitivity of the cells to certain small molecule inhibitors. These pathways have profound effects on proliferative, apoptotic and differentiation pathways. Dysregulation of components of these cas…
Passive sinking into the snow as possible survival strategy during the off-host stage in an insect ectoparasite
2015
Abiotic and biotic factors determine success or failure of individual organisms, populations and species. The early life stages are often the most vulnerable to heavy mortality due to environmental conditions. The deer ked (Lipoptena cervi Linnaeus, 1758) is an invasive insect ectoparasite of cervids that spends an important period of the life cycle outside host as immobile pupa. During winter, dark-coloured pupae drop off the host onto the snow, where they are exposed to environmental temperature variation and predation as long as the new snowfall provides shelter against these mortality factors. The other possible option is to passively sink into the snow, which is aided by morphology of …
Clinical and Molecular-Based Approach in the Evaluation of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Recurrence after Radical Liver Resection
2021
Background: Hepatic resection remains the treatment of choice for patients with early-stage HCC with preserved liver function. Unfortunately, however, the majority of patients develop tumor recurrence. While several clinical factors were found to be associated with tumor recurrence, HCC pathogenesis is a complex process of accumulation of somatic genomic alterations, which leads to a huge molecular heterogeneity that has not been completely understood. The aim of this study is to complement potentially predictive clinical and pathological factors with next-generation sequencing genomic profiling and loss of heterozygosity analysis. Methods: 124 HCC patients, who underwent a primary hepatic …
4-4-20 anti-fluorescyl IgG Fab' recognition of membrane bound hapten: direct evidence for the role of protein and interfacial structure.
1995
The surface forces apparatus was used to identify the molecular forces that control the interactions of monoclonal 4-4-20 antifluorescyl IgG Fab' fragments with fluorescein-presenting supported planar bilayers. At long range, the electrostatic force between oriented Fab' and fluorescein monolayers was controlled by the composition of the protein exterior surrounding the antigen-combining site rather than by the overall protein charge. The measured positive electrostatic potential of the Fab' monolayer at pH > pI(Fab') was consistent with the structure of the exposed Fab' surface in which a ring of positive charge at the mouth of the antigen-combining site dominates the local electrostatic s…
A Set of Cell Lines Derived from a Genetic Murine Glioblastoma Model Recapitulates Molecular and Morphological Characteristics of Human Tumors
2021
Simple Summary Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly aggressive and almost inevitably lethal brain tumor. Animal models for GBM are crucial to study how the tumor evolves in vivo and to test novel treatment options. Most currently available models are based on the transplantation of human GBM cells into mice with a defective immune system. However, this approach does not allow to study the contribution of immune cells to GBM growth and to test immunotherapies. Transplantation of murine GBM cells overcomes this limitation, however, up to now, only a limited number, which mostly do not mimic important characteristics of human GBM, have been available. Via in vivo passaging, we established a set of m…
An immunoassay for terbutryn using direct hapten linkage to a glutaraldehyde network on the polystyrene surface of standard microtiter plates.
2001
2-Aminobutylamino-4-ethylamino-6-isopropylamino-1,3,5-triazine (ABA-atrazine) has been synthesized and used as a coating hapten in an immunoassay with a monoclonal antibody against terbutryn. Coating was achieved by covalently linking ABA-atrazine to a glutaraldehyde polymer network directly bound to the polystyrene surface of a standard 96-well microtiter plate. The assay was carefully optimized. In particular, the coating hapten concentration had a strong effect on the ELISA sensitivity. By including a pre-incubation step a low test midpoint (IC50-value) of 0.130 microg L(-1) was achieved. As far as we are aware this is the most sensitive ELISA for terbutryn yet reported. The coating-hapt…
Induction of regulatory T cells by leflunomide in a murine model of contact allergen sensitivity.
2006
Allergic contact dermatitis and contact hypersensitivity (CHS) are characterized by allergen-specific activation of CD8 + and CD4 + T cells and the production of cytokines resulting in an inflammatory response and tissue damage. We show here that the immunosuppressive compound leflunomide ( N -[4-trifluoro-methylphenyl]-5-methylisoxazol-4 carboxamide, HWA 486) (LF) inhibited the contact allergic response induced in mice by epicutaneous application of the haptens dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) and oxazolone. The extent of ear swelling remained significantly reduced following repeated challenge with DNFB for up to 18 weeks. LF and DNFB had to be applied simultaneously for inhibition to occur. Th…
Perlecan-Induced Suppression of Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation Is Mediated Through Increased Activity of the Tumor Suppressor PTEN
2004
We were interested in the elucidation of the interaction between the heparan sulfate proteoglycan, perlecan, and PTEN in the regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) growth. We verified serum-stimulated DNA synthesis, and Akt and FAK phosphorylation were significantly reduced in SMCs overexpressing wild-type PTEN. Our previous studies showed perlecan is a potent inhibitor of serum-stimulated SMC growth. We report in the present study, compared with SMCs plated on fibronectin, serum-stimulated SMCs plated on perlecan exhibited increased PTEN activity, decreased FAK and Akt activities, and high levels of p27, consistent with SMC growth arrest. Adenoviral-mediated overexpression of cons…