Search results for "Quantum efficiency"

showing 10 items of 92 documents

Photoelectron Emission from Metal Surfaces Induced by VUV-emission of Filament Driven Hydrogen Arc Discharge Plasma

2015

Photoelectron emission measurements have been performed using a filament-driven multi-cusp arc discharge volume production H^- ion source (LIISA). It has been found that photoelectron currents obtained with Al, Cu, Mo, Ta and stainless steel (SAE 304) are on the same order of magnitude. The photoelectron currents depend linearly on the discharge power. It is shown experimentally that photoelectron emission is significant only in the short wavelength range of hydrogen spectrum due to the energy dependence of the quantum efficiency. It is estimated from the measured data that the maximum photoelectron flux from plasma chamber walls is on the order of 1 A per kW of discharge power.

010302 applied physicsMaterials scienceHydrogenPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsFluxchemistry.chemical_elementFOS: Physical sciencesPlasma01 natural sciences7. Clean energyPhysics - Plasma PhysicsIon source010305 fluids & plasmasElectric arcPlasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)chemistryPhysics::Plasma Physics0103 physical sciencesPhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersQuantum efficiencyPhysics::Atomic PhysicsAtomic physicsHydrogen spectral seriesOrder of magnitude
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Fabrication and characterization of low cost Cu 2 O/ZnO:Al solar cells for sustainable photovoltaics with earth abundant materials

2016

Abstract The low cost electrodeposition method was used to grow Cu2O thin films and experimentally determine the optimal absorber layer thickness. Raman scattering studies indicate the presence of solely crystalline Cu2O and SEM images show that the thin films consist of grains with a pyramidal shape. The influence of the thickness of the light absorbing Cu2O layer on the basic characteristic of the heterojunction and their properties have been investigated using reflectivity, current–voltage (J–V), capacitance–voltage (C–V) and the external quantum efficiency (EQE) measurements. The depletion layer, the charge collection length of the minority carrier, and reflectivity are the main factors…

010302 applied physicsMaterials scienceRenewable Energy Sustainability and the Environmentbusiness.industryOpen-circuit voltageHeterojunction02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materialslaw.inventionOpticsDepletion regionlawPhotovoltaics0103 physical sciencesSolar cellOptoelectronicsQuantum efficiencyThin film0210 nano-technologybusinessShort circuitSolar Energy Materials and Solar Cells
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Simulation of IQE tuning of individual cells for DC-balancing multijunction tandem cells

2016

In the present work, the performance of stacks of cells connected in series is examined at different levels of internal quantum efficiency (IQE). Incident photons, generated by employing the ASTM G173-03 data set, are accounted for individually as they interact with the stack of cells. The efficiencies of the devices studied are dependent upon the DC balance throughout the stack of cells. It is demonstrated that reducing the internal quantum efficiency of upper cells can lead to a better DC balance and thereby higher efficiency.

010302 applied physicsWork (thermodynamics)Materials sciencePhotonTandembusiness.industryMonte Carlo methodElectrical engineering02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesStack (abstract data type)0103 physical sciencesOptoelectronicsQuantum efficiencyPhotonics0210 nano-technologybusinessPhotonic crystal2016 IEEE 43rd Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC)
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High-efficiency silicon-compatible photodetectors based on Ge quantum dots

2011

We report on high responsivity, broadband metal/insulator/semiconductor photodetectors with amorphous Ge quantum dots (a-Ge QDs) as the active absorbers embedded in a silicon dioxide matrix. Spectral responsivities between 1-4 A/W are achieved in the 500-900 nm wavelength range with internal quantum efficiencies (IQEs) as high as ∼700%. We investigate the role of a-Ge QDs in the photocurrent generation and explain the high IQE as a result of transport mechanisms via photoexcited QDs. These results suggest that a-Ge QDs are promising for high-performance integrated optoelectronic devices that are fully compatible with silicon technology in terms of fabrication and thermal budget. © 2011 Amer…

Amorphous siliconMaterials scienceThermal budgetPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)SiliconSilicon TechnologieResponsivitychemistry.chemical_elementSettore ING-INF/01 - Elettronicachemistry.chemical_compoundResponsivityMetal/insulator/semiconductorGe quantum dotWavelength ranges Amorphous siliconPhotocurrent generationPhotodetectorOptoelectronic devicePhotocurrentGermaniumbusiness.industrySemiconductor quantum dotInternal quantum efficiencymatrixTRANSPORTSemiconductorNANOCRYSTALSSilica Quantum efficiencychemistryQuantum dot laserQuantum dotOptoelectronicsQuantum efficiencyTransport mechanismGAINbusinessNANOCRYSTALS TRANSPORT GAINFully compatibleHigh efficiency
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Influence of the electro-optical properties of an a-Si:H single layer on the performances of a pin solar cell

2012

We analyze the results of an extensive characterization study involving electrical and optical measurements carried out on hydrogenated amorphous silicon (α-Si:H) thin film materials fabricated under a wide range of deposition conditions. By adjusting the synthesis parameters, we evidenced how conductivity, activation energy, electrical transport and optical absorption of an α-Si:H layer can be modified and optimized. We analyzed the activation energy and the pre-exponential factor of the dark conductivity by varying the dopant-to-silane gas flow ratio. Optical measurements allowed to extract the absorption spectra and the optical bandgap. Additionally, we report on the temperature dependen…

Amorphous siliconThin film materialThin film solar cell Activation energySingle junctionConductivitySettore ING-INF/01 - ElettronicaSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della Materialaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundElectric conductivitylawMaterials ChemistryThin filmAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)Preexponential factorGas-flow ratioMetals and AlloysSurfaces and InterfacesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsTemperature dependenceHydrogenated amorphous siliconOptoelectronicsElectric propertieQuantum efficiencyHydrogenationOptical data processingDeposition conditionSiliconMaterials scienceActivation energyQuantum efficiencySynthesis conditionVapor deposition SiliconOpticsSolar cellActivation energyDark conductivityCharacterization studieElectromagnetic wave absorptionThin filmDepositionElectrooptical propertieThin film solar cellConductivitybusiness.industryEnergy conversion efficiencySolar cellAmorphous siliconMeyer-Neldel ruleOptical propertieOptical measurementelectro-optical propertiesNanostructured materialSilicon; Solar cell; electro-optical propertiesElectrical transportchemistrySynthesis parameterOptical variables measurementSingle layerConversion efficiencybusinessOptical gap
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FluorMODleaf: A new leaf fluorescence emission model based on the PROSPECT model

2010

International audience; A new model of chlorophyll a fluorescence emission by plant leaves, FluorMODleaf, is presented. It is an extension of PROSPECT, a widely used leaf optical properties model that regards the leaf as a pile of N absorbing and diffusing elementary plates. In FluorMODleaf, fluorescence emission of an infinitesimal layer of thickness dx is integrated over the entire elementary plate. The fluorescence source function is based on the excitation spectrum of diluted isolated thylakoids and on the emission spectra of isolated photosystems, PSI and PSII, which are the main pigment–protein complexes involved in the initial stages of photosynthesis. Scattering within the leaf is p…

Chlorophyll aMaterials scienceTeledetecció010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesAnalytical chemistrySoil Science01 natural sciences010309 opticschemistry.chemical_compoundOptics0103 physical sciences[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal BiologyEmission spectrumComputers in Earth SciencesChlorophyll fluorescence0105 earth and related environmental sciencesRemote sensing[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]Scatteringbusiness.industryAbsorption cross sectionGeologyFluorescenceFluorescènciachemistryChlorophyllQuantum efficiencybusiness
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Towards the quantitative and physically-based interpretation of solar-induced vegetation fluorescence retrieved from global imaging

2021

Due to emerging high spectral resolution, remote sensing techniques and ongoing developments to retrieve the spectrally resolved vegetation fluorescence spectrum from several scales, the light reactions of photosynthesis are receiving a boost of attention for the monitoring of the Earth's carbon balance. Sensor-retrieved vegetation fluorescence (from leaf, tower, airborne or satellite scale) originating from the excited antenna chlorophyll a molecule has become a new quantitative biophysical vegetation parameter retrievable from space using global imaging techniques. However, to retrieve the actual quantum efficiencies, and hence a true photosynthetic status of the observed vegetation, all …

Chlorophyll aquantitative remote sensingPhysiologyEnergy transferBotanyPlant Sciencephotosynthesis monitoringReflectivityFluorescencechemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryQK1-989fluorescence quantum efficiencymedicineEnvironmental scienceflex-sentinel-3 tandem missionSatelliteSpectral resolutionmedicine.symptomScale (map)Vegetation (pathology)Remote sensingPhotosynthetica
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Characterization of quantum dot/conducting polymer hybrid films and their application to light-emitting diodes.

2009

Quantum dot/conducting polymer hybrid films are used to prepare light-emitting diodes (LEDs). The hybrid films (CdSe@ZnS quantum dots excellently dispersed in a conducting polymer matrix, see figure) are readily prepared by various solution-based processes and are also easily micropatterned. The LEDs exhibit a turn-on voltage of 4 V, an external quantum efficiency greater than 1.5%, and almost pure-green quantum-dot electroluminescence.

Conductive polymerMaterials sciencebusiness.industryMechanical EngineeringElectroluminescenceCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effectlaw.inventionCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceMechanics of MaterialsQuantum dot laserlawQuantum dotOptoelectronicsGeneral Materials ScienceQuantum efficiencyHybrid materialbusinessDiodeLight-emitting diodeAdvanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
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INFLUENCE OF THE ANODIZATION CONDITIONS ON THE ELECTRONIC PROPERTIES AND CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC STRUCTURES OF THE CORROSION LAYERS ON TUNGSTEN. A PHOTOELEC…

1983

ABSTRACT The influence of morphology, composition and crystallographic structure on the photoelectrochemical behaviour of anodic oxide films on tungsten obtained in various conditions of anodization has been investigated. Different photocurrent spectra and absorption edges were obtained for each type of film. Optical band gaps ranging between 2.55 eV and 3.15 eV were determined for crystalline and amorphous WO 3 films grown in different conditions. The low quantum efficiency of the anodic films must be attributed to the presence of an amorphous (a-W0 3 ) film which controls the transport of the injected photocarriers.

CrystallographyMaterials sciencechemistryBand gapAnodizingchemistry.chemical_elementQuantum efficiencyCrystal structureTungstenAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)CorrosionAmorphous solid
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Latest improvements of microchannel-plate PMTS

2020

Abstract The DIRC detectors of the PANDA experiment at FAIR will use multi-anode MCP-PMTs as photon sensors. After long and extensive R&D work the performance parameters of the recent 2” MCP-PMT models are converging towards the required values. The lifetime of most ALD-coated MCP-PMTs is well surpassing the DIRC requirements with the best tube currently reaching > 22 C/cm2 integrated anode charge without aging. The performance of the most advanced MCP-PMTs from PHOTONIS and Hamamatsu fulfill basically all requirements with a highlight being the high detective quantum efficiency (DQE) of almost 30% for the PHOTONIS 9002108. The improvements of the latest MCP-PMT models compared to former tu…

Detective quantum efficiencyPhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsPhotonOpticsbusiness.industryDetectorMicrochannel plate detectorTube (fluid conveyance)Charge (physics)businessInstrumentationAnodeNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
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