Search results for "Quantum"

showing 10 items of 9714 documents

The learning curve, accuracy, and interobserver agreement of endoscope-based confocal laser endomicroscopy for the differentiation of colorectal lesi…

2012

Background: The endoscope-based confocal laser endomicroscopy (eCLE) system allows in vivo imaging of colorectal epithelium. Little is known about the learning curve for accurate interpretation of confocal images acquired with eCLE. Objective: To determine the learning curve of eCLE, its diagnostic accuracy, and the intra- and interobserver agreement for the differentiation of colorectal lesions. Design: Post hoc assessment of selected eCLE images. Setting: Academic centers. Patients: This study involved colonoscopic images from 47 patients. Main Outcome Measurements: Learning curve of eCLE, accuracy, and intraobserver and interobserver agreement. Methods: Three endoscopists received a shor…

AdenomaMalePathologymedicine.medical_specialtyendocrine systemFuture studiesObserver (quantum physics)EndoscopePost hocConfocalColonic PolypsSensitivity and SpecificitymedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingStage (cooking)AgedConfocal laser endomicroscopyObserver VariationChi-Square DistributionMicroscopy Confocalbusiness.industryCarcinomaGastroenterologyReproducibility of ResultsColonoscopyMiddle AgedLearning curveColitis UlcerativeFemalebusinessNuclear medicineColorectal NeoplasmsLearning CurveGastrointestinal endoscopy
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Quantum logic gates by adiabatic passage

2006

International audience; We present adiabatic passage techniques for the realisation of one and two-qubit quantum Gates. These methods use evolution along dark-states of the system, avoiding decoherence effects such as spontaneous emission. The advantage of these methods is their robustness: they are insensitive to the fluctuations of the parameters and to partial knowledge of the system.

Adiabatic circuitPhysics[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph]Quantum decoherenceGeneral Physics and AstronomyAdiabatic quantum computation01 natural sciencesQuantum logicQuantum gate[ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph]Robustness (computer science)Quantum mechanics0103 physical sciencesSpontaneous emission010306 general physicsAdiabatic process
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Semiclassical approximation in the magnetic problem of exchange-coupled mixed valence clusters

1994

Abstract The frameworks of the applicability of the semiclassical adiabatic approach suggested by Borras-Almenar, Coronado and Tsukerblat to the magnetic problem of mixed valence clusters are considered in a model taking into account magnetic exchange, double exchange and vibronic interaction. The results for the quantum-mechanical and semicalssical calculation of the temperature-variable magnetic moments are compared with those within the scope of the semiclassical approximation for the dimeric d 1 —d 2 clusters and trimeric d 1 —d 1 —d 2 systems with partial delocalization over a pair of ions. The semiclassical approach describes with high accuracy the temperature dependencies of the magn…

Adiabatic theoremDelocalized electronValence (chemistry)Condensed matter physicsMagnetic momentChemistryQuantum mechanicsGeneral Physics and AstronomySemiclassical physicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAdiabatic processMagnetic exchangeIonChemical Physics Letters
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Adiabatic evolution of quantum-mechanical systems

1991

A description of the adiabatic approximation in terms of the time-evolution operator is presented. Corrections to the approximation are studied, and it is seen that these can be obtained in a simple way in the case of a rapidly oscillating Hamiltonian.

Adiabatic theoremMechanical systemPhysicsFormalism (philosophy of mathematics)symbols.namesakeClassical mechanicsQuantum mechanicssymbolsHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)Adiabatic processQuantumAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsPhysical Review A
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Geometric factors in the adiabatic evolution of classical systems

1992

Abstract The adiabatic evolution of the classical time-dependent generalized harmonic oscillator in one dimension is analyzed in detail. In particular, we define the adiabatic approximation, obtain a new derivation of Hannay's angle requiring no averaging principle and point out the existence of a geometric factor accompanying changes in the adiabatic invariant.

Adiabatic theoremPhysicssymbols.namesakeClassical mechanicsGeometric phaseAdiabatic invariantsymbolsGeneral Physics and AstronomyAdiabatic quantum computationAdiabatic processHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)Geometric factorHarmonic oscillatorPhysics Letters A
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Revealing Anisotropy in a Paul Trap Through Berry Phase

2006

When an ion confined in an anisotropic bidimensional Paul trap is subjected to a laser beam oriented along an arbitrary direction, the interaction between its electronic and vibrational degrees of freedom is described by a time-dependent Hamiltonian model as a consequence of the lack of symmetry. Appropriately choosing the laser frequency, the Hamiltonian model turns out to be sinusoidally oscillating at the difference between the proper frequencies of the center of mass of the ion. Thus, if the anisotropy of the trap is sufficiently small, the evolution of the system can be considered as adiabatic. In the context of this physical situation we have calculated the Berry phase acquired in a c…

Adiabatic theoremPhysicssymbols.namesakeNuclear magnetic resonanceGeometric phaseQuantum mechanicsIsotropysymbolsObservableIon trapAdiabatic processAnisotropyHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)
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Interactions and resonances in quantum systems

2017

This thesis book is concerned with the interactions and resonances in quantum systems and is subdivided into three thematics. First, our work is aimed at constructing in the local limit a systematic method for a normalized vibrational Hamiltonian for a strongly excited n-degree-of-freedom molecular system from the generators of the Lie algebra, the algebra of the invariant polynomials built in classical mechanics from the the kernel of the adjoint operator adH0 . We present both the method of construction in case of absence and in case of a p : q resonance system with n degrees of freedom. Application to the non-linear triatomic molecule ClOH is then given.On the other hand, by using the LT…

Adjoint opérateur[PHYS.QPHY]Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph][ PHYS.QPHY ] Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph]General Heun functionCoordonnées internesRésonance p:qInternal coordinates[PHYS.QPHY] Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph]P:q resonanceOpérateur adjointÉquation de Heun
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Trap-limited mobility in space-charge limited current in organic layers

2009

Space-charge limited current transport in organic devices, relevant to the operation of a range of organic optoelectronic devices, is analyzed in the frequency domain. The classical multiple trapping picture with one transport state and one trap level is used as the basis for the descriptions. By varying the energetic and kinetic properties of the traps, we show that the admittance and the capacitance spectra are considerably modified depending on the interplay between the trap-limited mobility and the trap kinetics. We point out that capacitance steps at low-frequency, usually found in experiments, are observed only for slow traps. © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

AdmittanceCapacitanceTrappingCapacitanceBiomaterialsTrap (computing)OpticsMaterials ChemistryOLEDPhysics::Atomic PhysicsElectrical and Electronic EngineeringElectrical impedanceMobilityCondensed Matter::Quantum GasesOrganic electronicsChemistrybusiness.industryImpedanceGeneral ChemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsSpace chargeTrapElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsOLEDChemical physicsTransport in organic materialsbusinessOrganic Electronics
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Adsorption of atomic and molecular oxygen on the LaMnO3(001) surface: ab initio supercell calculations and thermodynamics.

2008

We present and discuss the results of ab initio DFT plane-wave supercell calculations of the atomic and molecular oxygen adsorption and diffusion on the LaMnO(3) (001) surface which serves as a model material for a cathode of solid oxide fuel cells. The dissociative adsorption of O(2) molecules from the gas phase is energetically favorable on surface Mn ions even on a defect-free surface. The surface migration energy for adsorbed O ions is found to be quite high, 2.0 eV. We predict that the adsorbed O atoms could penetrate the electrode first plane when much more mobile surface oxygen vacancies (migration energy of 0.69 eV) approach the O ions strongly bound to the surface Mn ions. The form…

AdsorptionChemistryAb initio quantum chemistry methodsVacancy defectAtomBinding energyAb initioGeneral Physics and AstronomyPhysical chemistryMoleculeThermodynamicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySurface energyPhysical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP
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1H and 13C HR-MAS spectroscopy of intact biopsy samples ex vivo and in vivo 1H MRS study of human high grade gliomas.

2004

High-resolution magic angle spinning (HR-MAS) one- and two-dimensional 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy has been used to study intact glioblastoma (GBM) brain tumour tissue. The results were compared with in vitro chemical extract and in vivo spectra. The resolution of 1H one-dimensional, 1H TOCSY and 13C HSQC HR-MAS spectra is comparable to that obtained on perchloric extracts. 13C HSQC HR-MAS spectra have been particularly useful for the identification of 37 different metabolites in intact biopsy tumours, excluding water and DSS components. To our knowledge, this is the most detailed assignment of biochemical compounds obtained in intact human tissue, in particular…

AdultMaleMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyResolution (mass spectrometry)Statistics as TopicNuclear magnetic resonanceIn vivoBiopsyMagic angle spinningmedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingSpectroscopyNuclear Magnetic Resonance BiomolecularSpectroscopyAgedCarbon Isotopesmedicine.diagnostic_testChemistryBrain NeoplasmsMiddle AgedIn vitroNeoplasm ProteinsMolecular MedicineFemaleProtonsGlioblastomaHeteronuclear single quantum coherence spectroscopyEx vivoBiomarkersNMR in biomedicine
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