Search results for "RADIATION"

showing 10 items of 5298 documents

The effect of cancer treatment on female fertility and strategies for preserving fertility.

2006

Aggressive chemotherapy and radiotherapy in young patients with cancer has greatly enhanced the life expectancy of these patients, but these treatments often cause infertility because of the massive destruction of the ovarian reserve resulting in premature ovarian failure (POF). This review focuses on the effect of cancer treatments on fertility and on the various surgical and assisted-reproduction innovations that are available to provide the patient with the option of future pregnancies. As the emerging discipline of fertility preservation is steadily attracting increasing interest, developments in the near future promise to be very exciting. However, in everyday routine work, better inte…

InfertilityAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyReproductive Techniques Assistedmedicine.medical_treatmentmedia_common.quotation_subjectFertilityAntineoplastic AgentsPrimary Ovarian InsufficiencyGonadotropin-Releasing HormoneNeoplasmsmedicineHumansFertility preservationIntensive care medicineOvarian reserveRadiation Injuriesmedia_commonCryopreservationbusiness.industryOvaryObstetrics and GynecologyCancermedicine.diseasePremature ovarian failureSurgeryRadiation therapyFertilityReproductive MedicineLife expectancyOocytesFemalebusinessInfertility FemaleEuropean journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology
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Ovarian function following radiation and chemotherapy for cancer

2004

High-dose chemotherapy and radiotherapy have increased the long-term survival of young patients with cancer; nevertheless, the toxic effects on ovarian function causing amenorrhoea, premature menopause and infertility, are still severe.

InfertilityOncologymedicine.medical_specialtyendocrine system diseasesmedicine.medical_treatmentMenopause PrematureAntineoplastic AgentsOvaryOvarian functionNeoplasmsInternal medicineHumansMedicineAmenorrheaPremature MenopauseGynecologyChemotherapyRadiotherapybusiness.industryOvaryObstetrics and GynecologyCancermedicine.diseasefemale genital diseases and pregnancy complicationsMenopauseRadiation therapymedicine.anatomical_structureReproductive MedicineFemalebusinessInfertility FemaleEuropean Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology
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Reproduction beyond cancer: A message of hope for young women

2006

Abstract Objective. Aggressive chemotherapy and radiotherapy or radical oncological surgery in young women with cancer has greatly enhanced these patients' life expectancy, but these treatments often cause infertility or premature ovarian failure due to a massive destruction of the ovarian reserve. The objective of this review is to discuss the effect of the various cancer treatments on fertility and present the various fertility sparing operations and fertility preservation strategies. Method. An extensive survey of the most up-to-date literature was performed. Results. This review discusses the impact of current cancer treatment on fertility potential and the various surgical and assisted…

Infertilitymedicine.medical_specialtyGenital Neoplasms Femalemedia_common.quotation_subjectmedicine.medical_treatmentBreast NeoplasmsFertilitymedicineHumansFertility preservationIntensive care medicineOvarian reservemedia_commonGynecologybusiness.industryObstetrics and GynecologyCancermedicine.diseaseCombined Modality TherapyPremature ovarian failureRadiation therapyFertilityOncologyLife expectancyFemalebusinessInfertility FemaleGynecologic Oncology
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Impact of general reionization scenarios on extraction of inflationary parameters

2010

Determination of whether the Harrison-Zel'dovich spectrum for primordial scalar perturbations is consistent with observations is sensitive to assumptions about the reionization scenario. In light of this result, we revisit constraints on inflationary models using more general reionization scenarios. While the bounds on the tensor-to-scalar ratio are largely unmodified, when different reionization schemes are addressed, hybrid models are back into the inflationary game. In the general reionization picture, we reconstruct both the shape and amplitude of the inflaton potential. We discuss how relaxing the simple reionization restriction affects the reconstruction of the potential through the c…

Inflation (cosmology)PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsCosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)Cosmic microwave backgroundCosmic background radiationAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsSpectral densityFOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysicsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsInflatonCMB cold spotCosmologyGeneral Relativity and Quantum CosmologyFísica nuclearReionizationAstrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
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A two-component model for the 2260cm−1 infrared absorption band in electron irradiated amorphous SiO2

2011

Abstract We report an experimental study by infrared absorption (IR) measurements focused on the effects of electron irradiation in the dose range from 1.2 × 10 3  kGy to 5 × 10 6  kGy on the intrinsic band peaked at 2260 cm − 1 in amorphous silicon dioxide (a-SiO 2 ) materials. This IR band is particularly relevant as it is assigned to an overtone of the strong asymmetric stretching vibration of Si–O–Si bridges and consequently it is intimately related to the Si–O–Si bond angle distribution. In a recent work we have shown that structural modifications induced by irradiation take place through the nucleation of confined high-defective and densified regions statistically dispersed into the w…

Infrared absorptionAbsorption spectroscopyChemistrybusiness.industrySettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleAnalytical chemistryNucleationElectron irradiationInfrared spectroscopySilicaCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsAmorphous solidMolecular geometryOpticsMolecular vibrationDensificationMaterials ChemistryCeramics and CompositesElectron beam processingAmorphous silicon dioxideIrradiationbusinessJournal of Non-Crystalline Solids
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The Be/X-ray binary LS 992/RX J0812.4-3114: Physical parameters and long-term variability

2000

We present the first long-term optical and infrared study of the optical counterpart to the source RX J0812.4-3114, an X-ray pulsar with a Be type companion. During the period covered by the observations the profile of some Balmer lines changed from absorption to emission and back again to absorption. Contemporaneously, the infrared magnitudes varied by more than 0.8 mag. This long-term variability is interpreted as the formation and subsequent dissipation of the Be star's disc. The building up of the disc ended up in an active X-ray state characterised by regular outbursts occurring at 80 day intervals. The overall duration of the formation/dissipation of the disc is found to be < 4.3 year…

InfraredBe starAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaX-ray binaryFOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysicsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsUNESCO::ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICALS 992/RX J0812.4-3114Astrophysicssymbols.namesakePulsarX-raysAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)Astrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsPhysicsAstrophysics (astro-ph)BinariesIndividual star ; LS 992/RX J0812.4-3114 ; Binaries ; Pulsars Emission-line ; Be ; X-raysBalmer seriesAstronomy and AstrophysicsBeCircumstellar envelopeDissipation:ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICA::Cosmología y cosmogonia [UNESCO]Space and Planetary SciencesymbolsIndividual starPulsars Emission-lineAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsUNESCO::ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICA::Cosmología y cosmogonia:ASTRONOMÍA Y ASTROFÍSICA [UNESCO]
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Luminescent PhotoCORMs: Enabling/Disabling CO Delivery upon Blue Light Irradiation.

2020

The new luminescent carbonyl compounds [Mn(Oxa-H)(CO)3Br] (1) and [Mn(Oxa-NMe2)(CO)3Br] (2) were synthesized and fully characterized. Complexes 1 and 2 showed CO release under blue light (λ453). Spectroscopic techniques and TD-DFT and SOC-TD-DFT calculations indicated that 1 and 2 release the Oxa-H and Oxa-NMe2 coligands in addition to the carbonyl ligands, increasing the luminescence during photoinduction.

Inorganic ChemistryCo deliveryChemistryIrradiationPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryCo releaseLuminescencePhotochemistryBlue lightInorganic chemistry
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An Investigation of the Pressure-Induced Structural Phase Transition of Nanocrystalline alpha-CuMoO4

2022

The structural behavior of nanocrystalline &alpha;-CuMoO4 was studied at ambient temperature up to 2 GPa using in situ synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction. We found that nanocrystalline &alpha;-CuMoO4 undergoes a structural phase transition into &gamma;-CuMoO4 at 0.5 GPa. The structural sequence is analogous to the behavior of its bulk counterpart, but the transition pressure is doubled. A coexistence of both phases was observed till 1.2 GPa. The phase transition gives rise to a change in the copper coordination from square-pyramidal to octahedral coordination. The transition involves a volume reduction of 13% indicating a first-order nature of the phase transition. This transformation was…

Inorganic ChemistryCondensed Matter::Materials Sciencehigh pressure; phase transition; synchrotron radiation; X-ray diffractionGeneral Chemical EngineeringFísicaGeneral Materials ScienceCondensed Matter PhysicsMaterials
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Untersuchungen zur Konformation und elektronischen Struktur von Cyclooctadieninen

1985

Die mit semiempirischer Quantenmechanik vorhergesagten Konformationen und elektronischen Strukturen der Cyclooctadienine 1 und 2 werden experimentell an Hand von 1H-NMR- und PE-Spektren verifiziert. Dabei wird Bezug genommen auf eine Reihe von anderen, verwandten Cycloalkinen 3–5 und Cycloalkenen 6–11. Wahrend die hohe geometrische Ringspannung entscheidenden Einflus auf 1 und 2 hat, ist eine Homoaromatizitat, die auf sechs nahezu eben angeordneten π-Elektronen-Zentren beruht, nicht signifikant. Investigations on the Conformation and the Electronic Structure of Cyclooctadienynes Conformations and electronic structures of the cyclooctadienynes 1 and 2, predicted by semi-empirical quantum mec…

Inorganic ChemistryHomoaromaticityStereochemistryChemistryChemical solutionUltraviolet radiationRing strainChemische Berichte
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Photochemie des 1,3‐Distyrylbenzols — Ein neuer Weg zu syn ‐[2.2](1,3)Cyclophanen

1986

Inorganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_classificationchemistry.chemical_compoundHydrocarbonchemistryPhotochemistryUltraviolet radiationCyclophaneChemische Berichte
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