Search results for "RADIATION"

showing 10 items of 5298 documents

Noise correlations of the ultracold Fermi gas in an optical lattice

2008

In this paper we study the density noise correlations of the two component Fermi gas in optical lattices. Three different type of phases, the BCS-state (Bardeen, Cooper, and Schieffer), the FFLO-state (Fulde, Ferrel, Larkin, and Ovchinnikov), and BP (breach pair) state, are considered. We show how these states differ in their noise correlations. The noise correlations are calculated not only at zero temperature, but also at non-zero temperatures paying particular attention to how much the finite temperature effects might complicate the detection of different phases. Since one-dimensional systems have been shown to be very promising candidates to observe FFLO states, we apply our results als…

ComputationFOS: Physical sciencesradiation pressure01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmaslaser coolingfermion systemsLattice (order)Laser coolingQuantum mechanicsCondensed Matter::Superconductivity0103 physical sciencesoptical lattices010306 general physicsPhysicsCondensed Matter::Quantum GasesOptical latticeCondensed matter physicsBCS theoryBCS theoryAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsCondensed Matter - Other Condensed MatterRadiation pressureQuasiparticleFermi gasOther Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
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Comparison of electron density properties in frozen and relaxed electronic distributions.

2003

Two kinds of electron densities for several small molecules (H(2), FH, CH(3)CH(3), CH(3)NH(2), CH(3)OH, and CH(3)F) have been generated for a wide range of bond distances. The first one, as the sum of the electron density of the isolated fragments, and the second one by optimizing the electron density at each given geometrical disposition. A number of properties of this two electronic distributions have been compared (position of the bond critical points, electron density, Laplacian, curvatures, and local energies). The differences, associated to the bond formation, are found to be very important for most of the cases.

Computational MathematicsRange (particle radiation)Electron densityChemistryPosition (vector)Atoms in moleculesGeneral ChemistryElectronBond formationAtomic physicsLaplace operatorElectron localization functionJournal of computational chemistry
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PenRed: An extensible and parallel Monte-Carlo framework for radiation transport based on PENELOPE

2021

Monte Carlo methods provide detailed and accurate results for radiation transport simulations. Unfortunately, the high computational cost of these methods limits its usage in real-time applications. Moreover, existing computer codes do not provide a methodology for adapting these kinds of simulations to specific problems without advanced knowledge of the corresponding code system, and this restricts their applicability. To help solve these current limitations, we present PenRed, a general-purpose, stand-alone, extensible and modular framework code based on PENELOPE for parallel Monte Carlo simulations of electron-photon transport through matter. It has been implemented in C++ programming la…

Computational PhysicsApplication of Monte Carlo MethodRadiation Transport
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The partition sum of methane at high temperature

2008

11 pages, 4 Tables, 3 Figures Computer code on line at http://icb.u-bourgogne.fr/JSP/TIPS.jsp; International audience; The total internal partition function of methane is revisited to provide reliable values at high temperature. A multi-resolution approach is used to perform a direct summation over all the rovibrational energy levels up to the dissociation limit. A computer code is executable on line at the URL : http://icb.u-bourgogne.fr/JSP/TIPS.jsp to allow the calculation of the partition sum of methane at temperatures up to 3000 K. It also provides detailed information on the density of states in the relevant spectral ranges. The recommended values include uncertainty estimates. It is …

Computational spectroscopyRovibrational spectroscopy33.20.Vq 33.70.Fd01 natural sciences[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph]MethaneDissociation (chemistry)chemistry.chemical_compound0103 physical sciencesSpectroscopy010303 astronomy & astrophysicsSpectroscopySpectroscopic databasesPhysics[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph]Radiation010304 chemical physicsPartition sumRotational–vibrational spectroscopyPartition function (mathematics)Atmospheric temperature rangeAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsComputational physicschemistry[ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph]Density of statesHITRANAtomic physicsMethane
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Applicability of the Poisson distribution to model the data of the German Children's Cancer Registry.

1995

Since 1980 the German Children's Cancer Registry has documented all childhood malignancies in the Federal Republic of Germany. Various statistical procedures have been proposed to identify municipalities or other geographic units with increased numbers of malignancies. Usually the Poisson distribution, which requires the malignancies to be distributed homogeneously and uncorrelated, is applied. Other discrete statistical distributions (so-called cluster distributions) like the generalized or compound Poisson distributions are applicable more generally. In this paper we present a first explorative approach to the question of whether it is necessary to use one of these cluster distributions t…

Computer scienceBiophysicsPoisson distributionDisease clusterGermansymbols.namesakeGermanyNeoplasmsStatisticsEconometricsHumansPoisson DistributionRegistriesChildGeneral Environmental ScienceProbabilityRadiationModels StatisticalGermany WestFederal republic of germanylanguage.human_languageUncorrelatedCancer registrysymbolslanguageProbability distributionRadiation and environmental biophysics
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Semi-automatic Brain Lesion Segmentation in Gamma Knife Treatments Using an Unsupervised Fuzzy C-Means Clustering Technique

2016

MR Imaging is being increasingly used in radiation treatment planning as well as for staging and assessing tumor response. Leksell Gamma Knife (R) is a device for stereotactic neuro-radiosurgery to deal with inaccessible or insufficiently treated lesions with traditional surgery or radiotherapy. The target to be treated with radiation beams is currently contoured through slice-by-slice manual segmentation on MR images. This procedure is time consuming and operator-dependent. Segmentation result repeatability may be ensured only by using automatic/semi-automatic methods with the clinicians supporting the planning phase. In this paper a semi-automatic segmentation method, based on an unsuperv…

Computer scienceGamma knifeBrain lesions Gamma knife treatments MR imaging Semi-automatic segmentation Unsupervised FCM clusteringFuzzy logicBrain lesions; Gamma knife treatments; MR imaging; Semi-automatic segmentation; Unsupervised FCM clustering030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineComputer visionSegmentationRadiation treatment planningCluster analysisSettore ING-INF/05 - Sistemi Di Elaborazione Delle InformazioniSemi-automatic segmentationBrain lesionsbusiness.industryMr imagingUnsupervised FCM clusteringBrain lesionGamma knife treatmentBrain lesionsSemi automaticArtificial intelligencebusinessGamma knife treatments030217 neurology & neurosurgeryMR imaging
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Aalto-1, multi-payload CubeSat: Design, integration and launch

2021

The design, integration, testing, and launch of the first Finnish satellite Aalto-1 is briefly presented in this paper. Aalto-1, a three-unit CubeSat, launched into Sun-synchronous polar orbit at an altitude of approximately 500 km, is operational since June 2017. It carries three experimental payloads: Aalto Spectral Imager (AaSI), Radiation Monitor (RADMON), and Electrostatic Plasma Brake (EPB). AaSI is a hyperspectral imager in visible and near-infrared (NIR) wavelength bands, RADMON is an energetic particle detector and EPB is a de-orbiting technology demonstration payload. The platform was designed to accommodate multiple payloads while ensuring sufficient data, power, radio, mechanica…

Computer sciencePolar orbitFOS: Physical sciencesAerospace Engineering02 engineering and technologyDesign strategy01 natural sciences7. Clean energyPhysics - Space Physicsmittauslaitteet0203 mechanical engineering0103 physical sciencesBrakeAalto-1CubeSatGround segmentAerospace engineeringInstrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)010303 astronomy & astrophysicsavaruustekniikkaAalto spectral imagerRadiation monitortutkimussatelliitit020301 aerospace & aeronauticsRadiationSpacecraftbusiness.industryPayloadCubeSatElectrostatic plasma brakesäteilySpace Physics (physics.space-ph)satelliititHyperspectralSatelliteAstrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysicsbusinesskosminen säteily
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A Methodology for the Analysis of Memory Response to Radiation through Bitmap Superposition and Slicing

2015

A methodology is proposed for the statistical analysis of memory radiation test data, with the aim of identifying trends in the single-even upset (SEU) distribution. The treated case study is a 65nm SRAM irradiated with neutrons, protons and heavy-ions.

Computer sciencebitmap slicingParallel computingHardware_PERFORMANCEANDRELIABILITYRadiationSlicingUpsetElectronic mailSuperposition principleStatic random-access memoryMemoriesstatic testNuclear Experimentdynamic testta114ta213computer.file_formatSRAMBitmap[SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/ElectronicsMultiple Cell Upset (MCU)MCUSERBitmapradiation testevent accumulationSingle Event Upset (SEU)AlgorithmcomputerSEUTest data
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Extended scale-invariant pattern recognition with white-light illumination.

2000

A previous method of obtaining scale-invariance detection with white-light illumination has been improved on. We were able to detect different scaled versions of the target up to a magnification factor equal to 2. We simultaneously detected several versions in the same scene, because each scale factor is codified in a different wavelength. Experimental results demonstrate the proposed technique and show the utility of the method.

Computer sciencebusiness.industryMaterials Science (miscellaneous)MagnificationPattern recognitionImage processingScale invarianceScale factorElectromagnetic radiationIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringWavelengthOpticsPattern recognition (psychology)White lightArtificial intelligenceBusiness and International ManagementbusinessApplied optics
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Machine Learning for Modeling the Biomechanical Behavior of Human Soft Tissue

2016

An accurate modeling of the biomechanical properties of human soft tissue is crucial in many clinical applications, such as, radiotherapy administration or surgery. The finite element method (FEM) is the usual choice to carry out such modeling due to its high accuracy. However, FEM is computationally very costly, and hence, its application in real-time or even off-line with short delays are still challenges to overcome. This paper proposes a framework based on Machine Learning to learn FEM modeling, thus having a tool able to yield results that may be sufficiently fast for clinical applications. In particular, the use of ensembles of Decision Trees has shown its suitability in modeling the …

Computer sciencebusiness.industrymedicine.medical_treatmentDecision treeSoft tissue02 engineering and technologyMachine learningcomputer.software_genre01 natural sciencesFinite element methodData modeling010101 applied mathematicsRadiation therapy0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringmedicine020201 artificial intelligence & image processingArtificial intelligence0101 mathematicsbusinesscomputer2016 IEEE 16th International Conference on Data Mining Workshops (ICDMW)
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