Search results for "RAM"
showing 10 items of 35643 documents
Genome-wide diversity and runs of homozygosity in the “Braque Français, type Pyrénées” dog breed
2018
Objective Braque Français, type Pyrénées is a French hunting-dog breed whose origin is traced back to old pointing gun-dogs used to assist hunters in finding and retrieving game. This breed is popular in France, but seldom seen elsewhere. Despite the ancient background, the literature on its genetic characterization is surprisingly scarce. A recent study looked into the demography and inbreeding using pedigree records, but there is yet no report on the use of molecular markers in this breed. The aim of this work was to genotype a population of Braque Français, type Pyrénées dogs with the high-density SNP array to study the genomic diversity of the breed. Results The average observed (\docum…
When Three Isn't a Crowd: A Digyny Concept for Treatment-Resistant, Near-Triploid Human Cancers.
2019
Near-triploid human tumors are frequently resistant to radio/chemotherapy through mechanisms that are unclear. We recently reported a tight association of male tumor triploidy with XXY karyotypes based on a meta-analysis of 15 tumor cohorts extracted from the Mitelman database. Here we provide a conceptual framework of the digyny-like origin of this karyotype based on the germline features of malignant tumors and adaptive capacity of digyny, which supports survival in adverse conditions. Studying how the recombinatorial reproduction via diploidy can be executed in primary cancer samples and HeLa cells after DNA damage, we report the first evidence that diploid and triploid cell sub-populati…
Low-dose agalsidase beta treatment in male pediatric patients with Fabry disease: A 5-year randomized controlled trial.
2019
Abstract Background Fabry disease is a rare, X-linked, lifelong progressive lysosomal storage disorder. Severely deficient α-galactosidase A activity in males is associated with the classic phenotype with early-onset, multisystem manifestations evolving to vital organ complications during adulthood. We assessed the ability of 2 low-dose agalsidase beta regimens to lower skin, plasma, and urine globotriaosylceramide (GL-3) levels, and influence clinical manifestations in male pediatric Fabry patients. Methods In this multicenter, open-label, parallel-group, phase 3b study, male patients aged 5–18 years were randomized to receive agalsidase beta at 0.5 mg/kg 2-weekly (n = 16) or 1.0 mg/kg 4-w…
Effect of nutritional supplementations on physical performance and muscle strength parameters in older people: A systematic review and meta-analysis
2019
Malnutrition plays a role in the development of poor physical performance, frailty and sarcopenia. The use of nutritional supplementations for improving physical performance and muscle strength parameters in older people is unclear. We therefore aimed to summarize the effect of nutritional supplementations compared to placebo on physical performance (i.e. tests more investigating physical function, utilising aerobic capacity & muscle power) and muscle strength (i.e. tests depending on muscle power) outcomes in older people in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). A literature search in major databases was undertaken until the 01st September 2018. Eligible studies were RCTs investigating …
Opposite effects of dopamine on the mechanical activity of circular and longitudinal muscle of human colon.
2020
Background Because dopamine (DA) has gained increasing evidence as modulator of gut motility, we aimed to characterize dopaminergic response in human colon, evaluating function and distribution of dopamine receptors in circular vs longitudinal muscle strips. Methods Mechanical responses to DA and dopaminergic agonists on slow phasic contractions and on basal tone were examined in vitro as changes in isometric tension. RT-PCR was used to reveal the distribution of dopaminergic receptors. Key results In spontaneous active circular muscle, DA induced an increase in the amplitude of slow phasic contractions and of the basal tone, via activation of D1-like receptors. DA contractile responses wer…
Effects of social stress and clomipramine on emotional memory in mice.
2017
We have previously observed impairing effects of social defeat stress (CSDS) on inhibitory avoidance (IA) in mice. Given the similarity between changes produced by social stress in animals and symptoms of certain human psychopathologies such as depression and anxiety, the effects of the antidepressant clomipramine on IA impairment produced by CSDS were evaluated in the present study. Male CD1 mice were randomly assigned to the groups: non-stressed+saline, non-stressed+clomipramine, stressed+saline and stressed+clomipramine. Stressed animals were subjected to daily agonistic encounters (10 min) in the home cage of the aggressor over a 20-day period. Just before each encounter, non-stressed a…
Functional Improvement after Photothrombotic Stroke in Rats Is Associated with Different Patterns of Dendritic Plasticity after G-CSF Treatment and G…
2016
We have previously shown that granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) treatment alone, or in combination with constraint movement therapy (CIMT) either sequentially or concomitantly, results in significantly improved sensorimotor recovery after photothrombotic stroke in rats in comparison to untreated control animals. CIMT alone did not result in any significant differences compared to the control group (Diederich et al., Stroke, 2012;43:185-192). Using a subset of rat brains from this former experiment the present study was designed to evaluate whether dendritic plasticity would parallel improved functional outcomes. Five treatment groups were analyzed (n = 6 each) (i) ischemic contr…
Interhemispheric inhibition is dynamically regulated during action observation
2016
International audience; It is now well established that the motor system plays a pivotal role in action observation and that the neurophysiological processes underlying perception and action overlaps. However, while various experiments have shown a specific facilitation of the contralateral motor cortex during action observation, no information is available concerning the dynamics of interhemispheric interactions. The aim of the present study was, therefore, to assess interhemispheric inhibition during the observation of others' actions. We designed a transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) experiment in which we measured both corticospinal excitability and interhemispheric inhibition, this…
Multimodal determinants of phase-locked dynamics across deep-superficial hippocampal sublayers during theta oscillations
2020
Theta oscillations play a major role in temporarily defining the hippocampal rate code by translating behavioral sequences into neuronal representations. However, mechanisms constraining phase timing and cell-type-specific phase preference are unknown. Here, we employ computational models tuned with evolutionary algorithms to evaluate phase preference of individual CA1 pyramidal cells recorded in mice and rats not engaged in any particular memory task. We applied unbiased and hypothesis-free approaches to identify effects of intrinsic and synaptic factors, as well as cell morphology, in determining phase preference. We found that perisomatic inhibition delivered by complementary populations…
Mismatch or allostatic load? Timing of life adversity differentially shapes gray matter volume and anxious temperament
2015
Traditionally, adversity was defined as the accumulation of environmental events (allostatic load). Recently however, a mismatch between the early and the later (adult) environment (mismatch) has been hypothesized to be critical for disease development, a hypothesis that has not yet been tested explicitly in humans. We explored the impact of timing of life adversity (childhood and past year) on anxiety and depression levels (N = 833) and brain morphology (N = 129). Both remote (childhood) and proximal (recent) adversities were differentially mirrored in morphometric changes in areas critically involved in emotional processing (i.e. amygdala/hippocampus, dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, res…