Search results for "RAM"

showing 10 items of 35643 documents

Neuromuscular control in landing from supra-maximal dropping height.

2009

International audience; The present study utilized high-impact supra-maximal landings to examine the influence of the pre-impact force level on the post-impact electromyographic (EMG) activity and, in particular, on the short latency EMG reflex (SLR) component. Unilateral-leg landings were performed in a sitting position on a sledge apparatus after release from high, but individually constant dropping height. A lower limb guiding device fixed to the front of the sledge seat allowed the subjects to sustain a given pre-set force level up to impact. This force level was either freely chosen or set at 20, 35, and 50% of maximal isometric plantarflexion force. EMG activity was recorded from eigh…

AdultMaleReflex Stretchmedicine.medical_specialtyTime FactorsAdolescentPhysiologyShort latency stretch reflex[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]Movement03 medical and health sciencesYoung Adult0302 clinical medicinePhysical medicine and rehabilitationPhysiology (medical)Isometric ContractionReaction TimeMedicineHumansMuscle SkeletalUltrasonographyForce levelbusiness.industryElectromyographyProtective strategy030229 sport sciencesBiomechanical PhenomenaPre-programmed activationImpactLower ExtremityUltrasonographyNeuromuscular controlbusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryJournal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
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The HTR1B 861GC receptor polymorphism among patients suffering from alcoholism, major depression, anxiety disorders and narcolepsy.

2000

Abstract The HTR1B receptor gene has been linked to antisocial alcoholism in a Finnish population and an American Indian tribe [Lappalainen et al., Arch. Gen. Psychiatry, 55 (1998) 989]. Using a candidate gene approach, we genotyped 209 patients with alcoholism, 108 patients with major depression, 32 patients with panic disorder, 50 patients with generalized anxiety disorder, 58 patients with narcolepsy and 74 healthy volunteers for the HTR1B 861G>C polymorphism. There was a higher frequency of the HTR1B 861G alleles among the alcohol-dependent patients as compared to the control subjects (χ 2 =4.02, d.f.=2, P =0.04). However, the association resulted from higher frequencies of the opposite…

AdultMaleRiskCandidate genemedicine.medical_specialtyGeneralized anxiety disorderGenotypeInternal medicineGermanymedicineHumansPsychiatryTemperamentBiological PsychiatryPsychiatric geneticsAllelesNarcolepsyDepressive Disorder MajorPolymorphism GeneticPanic disorderPanicmedicine.diseaseAnxiety DisordersPsychiatry and Mental healthAlcoholismPhenotypeCase-Control StudiesReceptors SerotoninReceptor Serotonin 5-HT1BAnxietyPanic DisorderChromosomes Human Pair 6Femalemedicine.symptomPsychologyAnxiety disorderNarcolepsyPsychiatry research
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Influence of the APOA5 locus on plasma triglyceride, lipoprotein subclasses, and CVD risk in the Framingham Heart Study

2004

Several polymorphisms in the APOA5 gene have been associated with increased plasma triglyceride (TG) concentrations. However, associations between APOA5 and lipoprotein subclasses, remnant-like particles (RLPs), and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk have been less explored. We investigated associations of five APOA5 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs; −1131T>C, −3A>G, 56C>G IVS3+ 476G>A, and 1259T>C) with lipoprotein subfractions and CVD risk in 1,129 men and 1,262 women participating in the Framingham Heart Study. Except for the 56C>G SNP, the other SNPs were in significant linkage disequilibria, resulting in three haplotypes (11111, 22122, and 11211) representing 98% of the population.…

AdultMaleRiskhaplotypemedicine.medical_specialtyGenotypeLipoproteinsPopulationCoronary DiseaseSingle-nucleotide polymorphismQD415-436BiologyCardiovascular SystemPolymorphism Single NucleotideBiochemistryLinkage Disequilibriumchemistry.chemical_compoundSex FactorsEndocrinologyFramingham Heart StudyInternal medicineremnant-like particlesmedicineHumansSNPAlleleeducationAllelesApolipoproteins ATriglyceridesAgededucation.field_of_studyPolymorphism GeneticCholesterolHaplotypeGenetic VariationCell BiologyMiddle Agedcardiovascular disease riskApolipoproteinsCholesterolEndocrinologyHaplotypeschemistryApolipoprotein A-VCardiovascular DiseasesFemaleLipoproteinJournal of Lipid Research
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Riskard 2005. New tools for prediction of cardiovascular disease risk derived from Italian population studies.

2005

Abstract Background and aim The need to update tools for the estimate of cardiovascular risk prompted the “Gruppo di Ricerca per la Stima del Rischio Cardiovascolare in Italia” to produce a new chart and new software called Riskard 2005. Methods and results Data from 9 population studies in 8 Italian regions, for a grand total of 17,153 subjects (12,045 men and 5,108 women) aged 35–74 and for a total exposure of about 194,000 person/years were available. A chart for the estimate of cardiovascular risk (major coronary, cerebrovascular and peripheral artery disease events) in 10 years was produced for men and women aged 45–74 free from cardiovascular diseases. Risk factors employed in the est…

AdultMaleRiskmedicine.medical_specialtyEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismPopulationMedicine (miscellaneous)Risk AssessmentDiabetes ComplicationsSex FactorsPredictive Value of TestsRisk FactorsSoftware DesignPrevalenceMedicineHumansRisk factoreducationAgededucation.field_of_studyNutrition and DieteticsFramingham Risk Scorebusiness.industrySmokingAbsolute risk reductionAge FactorsMiddle AgedSurgeryRisk EstimateCholesterolItalyCardiovascular DiseasesRelative riskHypertensionFemaleCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicinebusinessRisk assessmentBody mass indexAlgorithmsDemographyFollow-Up StudiesNutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD
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A new risk score to assess atrial fibrillation risk in hypertensive patients (ESCARVAL-RISK Project.

2020

AbstractThis study aimed to assess atrial fibrillation (AF) incidence and predictive factors in hypertensive patients and to formulate an AF risk assessment score that can be used to identify the patients most likely to develop AF. This was a cohort study of patients recruited in primary healthcare centers. Patients aged 40 years or older with hypertension, free of AF and with no previous cardiovascular events were included. Patients attended annual visits according to clinical practice until the end of study or onset of AF. The association between AF incidence and explanatory variables (age, sex, body mass index, medical history and other) was analyzed. Finally, 12,206 patients were includ…

AdultMaleRiskmedicine.medical_specialtyTime FactorsCardiologylcsh:Medicine030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyRisk AssessmentArticleCohort Studies03 medical and health sciencesSex Factors0302 clinical medicineInternal medicineAtrial FibrillationmedicineHumansObesity030212 general & internal medicinelcsh:ScienceAgedHeart FailureMultidisciplinaryFramingham Risk Scorebusiness.industryIncidenceIncidence (epidemiology)lcsh:RHazard ratioAge FactorsAtrial fibrillationMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseConfidence intervalRisk factorsResearch DesignHypertensionFemalelcsh:QbusinessRisk assessmentBody mass indexFollow-Up StudiesForecastingCohort study
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The Decreasing Prevalence of the Arcuate Foramen

2018

[Background]: The arcuate foramen (AF), or ponticulus posticus, is an anatomic variant of the first cervical vertebra that consists of a complete or partial osseous bridge over the groove for the vertebral artery and extends from the posterior aspect of the superior articular facet to the superior lateral border of the posterior arch. The AF has been associated with clinical symptoms, such as headache, migraine, neck pain, shoulder pain, arm pain, and vertebral artery dissection. We aimed to test whether the prevalence of the AF has decreased in the modern human population over the past centuries as a result of reduction in inbreeding and endogamy.

AdultMaleRural Populationmusculoskeletal diseases0301 basic medicinemedicine.medical_specialtyUrban PopulationVertebral artery dissectionVertebral arteryPopulationConsanguinityYoung Adult03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinemedicine.arteryHumansMedicineProspective StudiesVertebral arteryeducationSigns and symptomsAgedAged 80 and overArcuate forameneducation.field_of_studyNeck painbusiness.industryAnatomic VariationMiddle Agedmusculoskeletal systemmedicine.diseaseConfidence intervalSpineSurgeryBridge (graph theory)ArchaeologyMigraineRisk factorsCervical atlasFemaleSurgery030101 anatomy & morphologyNeurology (clinical)medicine.symptomAnatomybusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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Peer-Led or Expert-Led Intervention in HIV Prevention Efficacy? A Randomized Control Trial Among Spanish Young People to Evaluate Their Role

2017

HIV new infections still affect young people around the world. In this context, behavioral interventions seem to be effective in promoting safe sex although some conditions are still inconclusive in different regions. For example, there is insufficient evidence about who may be the best facilitator. For this reason, this study evaluates the effectiveness of peer and expert facilitators for HIV prevention aimed at Spanish young people. For this purpose 225 Spanish college students, aged between 18 and 25 (74.20% women and 25.80% men), were involved in an experimental design to evaluate the facilitators’ effect in a brief intervention for HIV prevention. Participants’ results were measured b…

AdultMaleSafe Sexmedicine.medical_specialtyNursing (miscellaneous)AdolescentUniversitiesDecision MakingHIV InfectionsContext (language use)Health PromotionAffect (psychology)Peer Grouplaw.inventionYoung Adult03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineRandomized controlled trialAcquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)lawSurveys and QuestionnairesIntervention (counseling)medicineHumans030212 general & internal medicine030505 public healthbusiness.industryPublic Health Environmental and Occupational Healthmedicine.diseaseSpainFamily medicineFacilitatorPhysical therapyFemaleHealth educationBrief intervention0305 other medical sciencebusinessRisk Reduction BehaviorProgram EvaluationHealth Promotion Practice
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Schizophrenia and automatic processing: an exploratory study.

1991

This study deals with the schizophrenic deficit as one of automatic processing. To test the idea, a special experimental task was designed on which 21 schizophrenics, 21 depressives, and 21 normal subjects had to complete a series of simple geometric figures. When the subjects had thoroughly learned this activity, another information source, a brief story, was introduced, and the subjects had to pay attention to the story while they did the task. Two dependent variables were considered, execution time and performance. There were no differences among the three groups in the first experimental condition; but in the second condition, when the distractor was introduced, schizophrenics needed m…

AdultMaleSchizophrenia (object-oriented programming)Exploratory researchExperimental and Cognitive PsychologyNeuropsychological Tests050105 experimental psychologyDevelopmental psychologyTask (project management)03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineSchizophrenic PsychologymedicineReaction TimeHumans0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesAttentionDepressive Disorder05 social sciencesCognitive disorderInformation processingCognitionmedicine.diseaseSensory Systems030227 psychiatryPattern Recognition VisualPattern recognition (psychology)Mental RecallSchizophreniaSchizophrenic PsychologyPsychologyPsychomotor PerformanceCognitive psychologyPerceptual and motor skills
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Evidence for gesture-speech mismatch detection impairments in schizophrenia.

2019

Patients with schizophrenia suffer from impairments in the perception and production of gestures. The extent to which patients can access the semantic association between speech and co-verbal gestures in concrete or abstract/metaphorical meaning contexts is unknown. We investigated 1) how patients differ from controls in gesture matching performance, 2) how performance differs in the context of abstract versus concrete meaning, and 3) whether formal thought disorder (FTD) symptom severity predicts task impairment. Forty-five patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (two subgroups, mild and severe) took part in this study. Participants were presented with video clips, each showing an a…

AdultMaleSchizophrenia (object-oriented programming)media_common.quotation_subjectContext (language use)Meaning (non-linguistic)behavioral disciplines and activities03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinePerceptionmedicineHumansSpeechNonverbal CommunicationBiological Psychiatrymedia_commonLanguageGesturesThought disorderMiddle Aged030227 psychiatrySemanticsschizophreniagesture-speechPsychiatry and Mental healthMetaphorSchizophreniaFemaleSchizophrenic Psychologymedicine.symptomPsychology030217 neurology & neurosurgerySentenceUtterancePhotic StimulationCognitive psychologyGesturePsychiatry research
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Dopamine D2/D3 receptor availability and venturesomeness.

2011

The construct of impulsivity is considered as a major trait of personality. There is growing evidence that the mesolimbic dopamine system plays an important role in the modulation of impulsivity and venturesomeness, the two key components within the impulsivity-construct. The aim of the present study was to explore an association between trait impulsivity measured with self-assessment and the dopaminergic neurotransmission as measured by positron emission tomography (PET) in a cohort of healthy male subjects. In vivo D2/D3 receptor availability was determined with [(18)F]fallypride PET in 18 non-smoking healthy subjects. The character trait impulsivity was measured using the Impulsiveness-V…

AdultMaleSelf-AssessmentPyrrolidinesStatistics as TopicNeuroscience (miscellaneous)Neuropsychological TestsImpulsivityStatistical parametric mappingPersonality AssessmentBrain mappingDevelopmental psychologyCohort StudiesYoung AdultRisk-TakingDopamine receptor D3Dopamine receptor D2Surveys and QuestionnairesmedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingTemporal cortexBrain MappingReceptors Dopamine D2BrainPsychiatry and Mental healthFallypridePositron-Emission TomographyBenzamidesImpulsive Behaviormedicine.symptomPersonality Assessment InventoryPsychologyNeurosciencePsychiatry research
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