Search results for "RCI"
showing 10 items of 16009 documents
BRG1/SMARCA4 is essential for neuroblastoma cell viability through modulation of cell death and survival pathways.
2016
Neuroblastoma (NB) is a neoplasm of the sympathetic nervous system, and is the most common solid tumor of infancy. NBs are very heterogeneous, with a clinical course ranging from spontaneous regression to resistance to all current forms of treatment. High-risk patients need intense chemotherapy, and only 30-40% will be cured. Relapsed or metastatic tumors acquire multi-drug resistance, raising the need for alternative treatments. Owing to the diverse mechanisms that are responsible of NB chemoresistance, we aimed to target epigenetic factors that control multiple pathways to bypass therapy resistance. We found that the SWI/SNF-related, matrix-associated, actin-dependent regulator of chromat…
A multidimensional network approach reveals microRNAs as determinants of the mesenchymal colorectal cancer subtype
2016
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a heterogeneous disease posing a challenge for accurate classification and treatment of this malignancy. There is no common genetic molecular feature that would allow for the identification of patients at risk for developing recurrences and thus selecting patients who would benefit from more stringent therapies still poses a major clinical challenge. Recently, an international multicenter consortium (CRC Subtyping Consortium) was established aiming at the classification of CRC patients in biologically homogeneous CRC subtypes. Four consensus molecular subtypes (CMSs) were identified, of which the mesenchymal CMS4 presented with worse prognosis signifying the impor…
Multidisciplinary management of stage II-III gastric and gastro-oesophageal junction cancer.
2019
The aim of this manuscript is to discuss the viewpoint of the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Gastric Cancer Taskforce and Japan Clinical Oncology Group (JCOG) Gastric Cancer Study Group on the current challenges in the multidisciplinary management of stage II-III gastric and gastro-oesophageal junction (GEJ) cancer. We seek to outline how these challenges are addressed in current trials of both groups. Key elements of future trials of EORTC and JCOG in this indication are described, and a joint vision on how multidisciplinary research of gastric and GEJ cancer patients should be organised is outlined. ispartof: EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER vol:124 pages:67-…
NUPR1, a new target in liver cancer: implication in controlling cell growth, migration, invasion and sorafenib resistance
2016
AbstractSorafenib, an oral multikinase inhibitor, is the only approved agent for the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, its benefits are modest, and as its mechanisms of action remain elusive, a better understanding of its anticancer effects is needed. Based on our previous study results, we investigated here the implication of the nuclear protein 1 (NUPR1) in HCC and its role in sorafenib treatment. NUPR1 is a stress-inducible protein that is overexpressed in various malignancies, but its role in HCC is not yet fully understood. We found that NUPR1 expression was significantly higher in primary human HCC samples than in the normal liver. Knockdown of NUPR1 signi…
Safety and effectiveness of regorafenib in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer in routine clinical practice in the prospective, observational …
2019
Abstract Background Regorafenib prolonged overall survival (OS) versus placebo in patients with treatment-refractory metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) in phase III trials. We conducted an observational study of regorafenib for patients with mCRC in real-world clinical practice. Methods The international, prospective, CORRELATE study recruited patients with mCRC previously treated with approved therapies, for whom the decision to treat with regorafenib was made by the treating physician according to the local health authority approved label. The primary objective was safety, assessed by treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs; National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adve…
Germinal Centers Determine the Prognostic Relevance of Tertiary Lymphoid Structures and Are Impaired by Corticosteroids in Lung Squamous Cell Carcino…
2018
Abstract In solid tumors, the presence of lymph node–like structures called tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) is associated with improved patient survival. However, little is known about how TLS develop in cancer, how their function affects survival, and whether they are affected by cancer therapy. In this study, we used multispectral microscopy, quantitative pathology, and gene expression profiling to analyze TLS formation in human lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) and in an experimental model of lung TLS induction. We identified a niche of CXCL13+ perivascular and CXCL12+LTB+ and PD-L1+ epithelial cells supporting TLS formation. We also characterized sequential stages of TLS maturation…
Exome-wide somatic mutation characterization of small bowel adenocarcinoma
2018
Small bowel adenocarcinoma (SBA) is an aggressive disease with limited treatment options. Despite previous studies, its molecular genetic background has remained somewhat elusive. To comprehensively characterize the mutational landscape of this tumor type, and to identify possible targets of treatment, we conducted the first large exome sequencing study on a population-based set of SBA samples from all three small bowel segments. Archival tissue from 106 primary tumors with appropriate clinical information were available for exome sequencing from a patient series consisting of a majority of confirmed SBA cases diagnosed in Finland between the years 2003–2011. Paired-end exome sequencing was…
Dairy product consumption and risk of colorectal cancer in an older mediterranean population at high cardiovascular risk.
2018
Prospective studies have reported an inverse association between the consumption of total dairy products and milk and the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). Nonetheless, there is little and inconsistent evidence regarding subtypes of dairy product and CRC risk. We assessed the associations between the consumption of total dairy products, their different subtypes and CRC risk in older Mediterranean individuals at high cardiovascular risk. We analyzed data from 7,216 men and women (55-80 years) without CRC at baseline from the PREvencion con DIeta MEDiterranea study. Individuals were recruited between 2003 and 2009 and followed up until December 2012. At baseline and yearly thereafter, consumpt…
Antibody–Fc/FcR Interaction on Macrophages as a Mechanism for Hyperprogressive Disease in Non–small Cell Lung Cancer Subsequent to PD-1/PD-L1 Blockade
2019
Abstract Purpose: Hyperprogression (HP), a paradoxical boost in tumor growth, was described in a subset of patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). Neither clinicopathologic features nor biological mechanisms associated with HP have been identified. Experimental Design: Among 187 patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with ICI at our institute, cases with HP were identified according to clinical and radiologic criteria. Baseline histologic samples from patients treated with ICI were evaluated by IHC for myeloid and lymphoid markers. T-cell–deficient mice, injected with human lung cancer cells and patient-derived xenografts (PDX) belonging to specific mutat…
The prognostic value of the myeloid-mediated immunosuppression marker Arginase-1 in classic Hodgkin lymphoma
2016
// Alessandra Romano 1 , Nunziatina Laura Parrinello 1 , Calogero Vetro 1 , Daniele Tibullo 1 , Cesarina Giallongo 1 , Piera La Cava 1 , Annalisa Chiarenza 1 , Giovanna Motta 1 , Anastasia L. Caruso 1 , Loredana Villari 2 , Claudio Tripodo 3 , Sebastiano Cosentino 4 , Massimo Ippolito 4 , Ugo Consoli 5 , Andrea Gallamini 6 , Stefano Pileri 7 , Francesco Di Raimondo 1 1 Division of Hematology, AOU “Policlinico - Vittorio Emanuele”, University of Catania, Catania, Italy 2 Division of Pathology, AOU “Policlinico - Vittorio Emanuele”, Catania, Italy 3 Tumor Immunology Unit, Department of Health Science, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy 4 Nuclear Medicine Center, Azienda Ospedaliera Cannizz…