Search results for "REDUCTASE"

Gingival fibroblasts ?in vitro? and Down's Syndrome

2012

Gingival fibroblast cultures from four patients with Down's Syndrome (DS) and periodontal disease were compared with four in vitro age-matched fibroblast cultures of handicapped subjects (ND) also affected by periodontitis. The extra copy of cromosome 21 could alter growth regulation and biochemical mechanisms, so we examined quantitatively some DS phenotypical aspects to detect possible differences from those of controls. The growth properties of gingival fibroblast cultures from DS patients were more elevated than their ND age-matched controls. There were no differences in plasma membrane polarization and in neutral endopeptidase activity. The succinate-cytochrome C reductase activity dec…

Phosphorylation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α in rat Fao cells and stimulation by ciprofibrate

1999

The basic mechanism(s) by which peroxisome proliferators activate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) is (are) not yet fully understood. Given the diversity of peroxisome proliferators, several hypotheses of activation have been proposed. Among them is the notion that peroxisome proliferators could activate PPARs by changing their phosphorylation status. In fact, it is well known that several members of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily are regulated by phosphorylation. In this report, we show that the rat Fao hepatic-derived cell line, known to respond to peroxisome proliferators, exhibited a high content of PPARalpha. Alkaline phosphatase treatment of Fao cell lysat…

Statins and angiogenesis in non-cardiovascular diseases.

2022

Statins inhibit HMG-CoA reductase by competitively inhibiting the active site of the enzyme, thus preventing cholesterol synthesis and reducing the risk of developing cardiovascular disease. Many pleiotropic effects of statins have been demonstrated that can be either related or unrelated to their cholesterol-lowering ability. Among these effects are their proangiogenic and antiangiogenic properties that could offer new therapeutic applications. In this regard, pro- and anti-angiogenic properties of statins have been shown to be dose dependent. Statins also appear to have a variety of non-cardiovascular angiogenic effects in many diseases, some examples being ocular disease, brain disease, …

Genetics of the variable expression of CYP3A in humans.

2004

CYP3A isozymes participate in the metabolism of 45-60% of currently used drugs and of a variety of other compounds such as steroid hormones, toxins, and carcinogens. The CYP3A expression status is a major determinant of drug efficacy and safety, and it may also affect an individual's predisposition to certain cancers. The inter- and intraindividual expression of CYP3A is variable because of a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. Markers predictive of the individual CYP3A activity could improve therapies with CYP3A substrates by personalised dose adjustments, but their development has been slower than for other drug-metabolizing enzymes. Here we summarize the recent p…

A new method for the cytochemical demonstration ofp-diphenol: O2 oxidoreductase (laccase)

1971

Nachweis des Enzymsp-Diphenol: O2 oxidoreductase (Laccase) in den Zellen der PilzeAspergillus fumigatus, Aureobasidium pullulans undNeurospora sitophila durch einen Azofarbstoff, der mittels Kupplung des enzymatisch gebildetenp-Chinons mitBesthorn's Hydrazon(3-Methyl-benzthiazolon(2)-hydrazon-hydrochlorid) entsteht. Als Substrat wird Hydrochinon verwendet. Der Farbstoff wird in runden, rotbraunen Granula abgelagert. Kontrollreaktionen bestatigen die Spezifitat der Reaktion.

Experiments on the metyrapone reducing microsomal enzyme system.

1970

The formation of reduced metyrapone [2-methyl-1.2-bis-(3-pyridyl)-1-propanol] from metyrapone [2-methyl-1.2-bis-(3-pyridyl)-1-propanone] in the liver has been studied. Reduced metyrapone appeared as the main metabolite of metyrapone in the isolated perfused rat liver. Experiments on the intracellular distribution of the metyrapone reducing activity revealed that metyrapone reductase is mainly localized in the microsomal fraction. In the 105,000 × g supernatant only a little activity was found.

Statins and new-onset diabetes

2013

Statins are highly efficacious lipid modifying agents that reduce the risk for cardiovascular (CV) events in both primary and secondary prevention settings. However, statins affect molecular mechanisms which adversely impact on insulin sensitivity and β-cell function, thereby increasing risk for new onset diabetes mellitus (NOD). Defining the mechanisms involved is the focus of considerable current investigation. The statins reduce the risk for CV events in normoglycemic patients as well as in those with diabetes mellitus (DM) and their benefits outweigh the risk of inducing NOD. We review the clinical evidence for NOD with statin treatment, as well as the potential mechanisms involved. Our…

10-Oximeguanacone, the First Nitrogenated Acetogenin Derivative Found To Be a Potent Inhibitor of Mitochondrial Complex I

1998

A new 10-keto bis-tetrahydrofuran acetogenin, guanacone (1), has been isolated from a cytotoxic extract of Annona aff. spraguei seeds. The 10-oximeguanacone derivative 1f is the first bioactive nitrogenated acetogenin found to be a very potent inhibitor of complex I. In addition, a SAR study of guanacone analogues is reported based on the titration of the NADH oxidase and NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase activities.

Editorial: Ischemic Stroke Prevention

2014

Candidate target mechanisms of the growth inhibitor cyromazine: Studies of phenylalanine hydroxylase, puparial amino acids, and dihydrofolate reducta…

2000

Cyromazine, an insect growth regulator, affects larval and pupal cuticles in dipterans and some other insects. The mode of action of this aminotriazine is not known yet, though it has been shown not to inhibit the synthesis of chitin and cuticular proteins. Cyromazine may, however, act on some step(s) of sclerotization of the cuticle. In the present study, we have analyzed the key enzyme for the production of sclerotization agents, phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH), using the enzyme from Drosophila, a cyromazine-sensitive insect. PAH was studied in vitro with cyromazine and three biologically less active derivatives at concentrations ranging from 1 μM to 1 mM. None of the compounds did signif…