Search results for "RELIABILITY"

Programming options for nanocrystal MOS memories

2003

Nanocrystal memories represent a promising candidate for the scaling of FLASH memories. In these devices, the charge is not stored in a continuous floating gate but in a discontinuous layer composed by numerous discrete silicon quantum dots well separated one from the other.The nanocrystals of radius of few nanometers are realized by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of silicon on the tunnel oxide of 2.8 nm of thickness. These islands have been coated with a control oxide of 7 nm formed by CVD and incorporated in Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor structure. The devices are programmed and erased by tunnelling using low voltages and fast times. In addition, the programming can be easily achieved also b…

ASSESSING NEIGHBORHOOD DISORDER: VALIDATION OF A THREE-FACTOR OBSERVATIONAL SCALE

2015

AbstractThis study presents data on the development and preliminary validation of an observational scale assessing neighborhood disorder. Independent observations by trained raters of neighborhood disorder were conducted in 552 census block groups in the city of Valencia (Spain). Intraclass correlation coefficients assessing inter-rater reliability indicated fair to substantial levels of agreement among raters. Confirmatory factor analyses supported a final three-factor model scale measuring physical disorder, social disorder, and physical decay. Results for the internal consistency showed large composite reliability indices indicating good reliability for all neighborhood disorder factors.…

2015

High-throughput detection of protein interactions has had a major impact in our understanding of the intricate molecular machinery underlying the living cell, and has permitted the construction of very large protein interactomes. The protein networks that are currently available are incomplete and a significant percentage of their interactions are false positives. Fortunately, the structural properties observed in good quality social or technological networks are also present in biological systems. This has encouraged the development of tools, to improve the reliability of protein networks and predict new interactions based merely on the topological characteristics of their components. Sinc…

Fault-Tolerant Application Mapping on to ZMesh topology based Network-on-Chip Design

2020

This paper proposes Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) based fault-tolerant application mapping on to ZMesh topology based Network-on-Chip (NoC) design. Permanent faults in application cores has been considered and performed application mapping using PSO. The major contribution of this paper is to find out the best position for the spare core to be placed in the network using PSO. Experimentations have been carried out by scaling the ZMesh network size and percentage of network faults. The results show that the proposed approach leads to minimum overhead in communication cost over fault-free result.

Fostering teenagers' assessment of information reliability: Effects of a classroom intervention focused on critical source dimensions

2018

International audience; Increased amounts of information available from the Internet have triggered new demands for students to evaluate information quality. Our study presents an instructional intervention aimed at fostering ninth grade students' critical evaluation of source reliability. The intervention was grounded into theories of multiple text comprehension and used an analytic framework that defines the core source dimensions of author position (competence), author motivation (intention), and media quality (pre-publication validation). Compared to controls, trained students 1) reduced the score assigned to links containing less reliable information in the three critical source dimens…

Experimental determination of the kurtosis of RF noise in microwave low-noise devices

2000

Abstract The degree of the Gaussian nature of the white noise present in microwave low-noise devices is experimentally investigated. The chosen experimental technique consists of simultaneously digitizing four versions of the noise which are amplified by four parallel independent amplifiers. The four independent signals are then used to compute the second, and, to a good approximation, the fourth moment of the noise. The ratio of the fourth moment to the square of the second moment is the kurtosis of the noise. Gaussian processes are characterized by a kurtosis equal to 3. A deviation from this value gives an indication about the degree of non-Gaussian nature of the noise. By using this tec…

Skewness and kurtosis of 1/f noise in semiconductor devices

2000

An experimental investigation of the third and fourth moments of the 1/f noise of two different electronic devices is reported. The skewness and the kurtosis of the noise voltage data are estimated. Although the devices under investigation have similar noise power spectral density, the time waveforms are shown to have slightly different statistical properties. In both cases, a small deviation from Gaussian distribution is observed.

Fast and efficient procedures for determining the microwave noise parameters of HEMT's at decreasing temperatures

1998

Noise parameters are an electrical representation of the noise performance of transistors which is widely used in reliability studies as well as in the design of low-noise microwave amplifiers. Such parameters are usually determined by employing a complex indirect (standard) procedure based on multiple noise figure measurements and appropriate data processing techniques. We report here two altemative and rapid methods used to perform the complete noise characterization of HEMT's at decreasing temperatures over the 6 to 18 GHz frequency range. The results show a very satisfactory agreement.among the different procedures thus assessing the inherent consistency of the global approach to the pr…

Path Integral Methods for the Probabilistic Analysis of Nonlinear Systems Under a White-Noise Process

2020

Abstract In this paper, the widely known path integral method, derived from the application of the Chapman–Kolmogorov equation, is described in details and discussed with reference to the main results available in literature in several decades of contributions. The most simple application of the method is related to the solution of Fokker–Planck type equations. In this paper, the solution in the presence of normal, α-stable, and Poissonian white noises is first discussed. Then, application to barrier problems, such as first passage problems and vibroimpact problems is described. Further, the extension of the path integral method to problems involving multi-degrees-of-freedom systems is anal…

Compatibility, effectiveness and susceptibility to degradation of alkoxysilane-based consolidation treatments on a carbonate stone

2021

Abstract Alkoxysilane-based consolidation treatment are commonly employed in restoration and conservation works of Cultural Heritage buildings. However, their poor affinity to carbonate stones is well-known. In this paper, we evaluate three consolidant treatments (two of them modified to incorporate hydrophobic or photocatalytic properties), formulated to circumvent this drawback and their cracking during drying, through a surfactant-assisted synthesis. The consolidants were applied on Noto stone, a biocalcarenite (~95% CaCO3 ) employed in numerous Cultural Heritage buildings of Southern Italy. A comprehensive validation of the three consolidants, compared to a commercial TEOS based consoli…