Search results for "ROV"
showing 10 items of 5770 documents
Human dopamine receptor D2/D3 availability predicts amygdala reactivity to unpleasant stimuli
2009
r r Abstract: Dopamine (DA) modulates the response of the amygdala. However, the relation between dopa- minergic neurotransmission in striatal and extrastriatal brain regions and amygdala reactivity to affective stimuli has not yet been established. To address this issue, we measured DA D2/D3 receptor (DRD2/3) availability in twenty-eight healthy men (nicotine-dependent smokers and never-smokers) using positron emission tomography with ( 18 F)fallypride. In the same group of participants, amygdala response to unpleasant visual stimuli was determined using blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) functional mag- netic resonance imaging. The effects of DRD2/3 availability in emotion-related brain …
Essential elements of professional nursing environments in Primary Care and their influence on the quality of care.
2017
OBJECTIVES: Nursing work environments are key determinants of care quality. Our study aimed to evaluate the characteristics of nursing environments in primary care settings in the Canary Islands, and identify crucial components of such environments to improve quality. METHOD: We conducted a cross-sectional study in primary care organisations using the Practice Environment Scale - Nursing Work Index tool. We collected sociodemographic variables, scores, and selected the essential items conducive to optimal care. Appropriate parametric and non-parametric statistical tests were used to analyse relations between variables (CI = 95%, error = 5%). RESULTS: One hundred and forty-four nurses partic…
A comparison of the cheater detection and the unrelated question models: a randomized response survey on physical and cognitive doping in recreationa…
2016
PURPOSE:This study assessed the prevalence of physical and cognitive doping in recreational triathletes with two different randomized response models, that is, the Cheater Detection Model (CDM) and the Unrelated Question Model (UQM). Since both models have been employed in assessing doping, the major objective of this study was to investigate whether the estimates of these two models converge. MATERIAL AND METHODS:An anonymous questionnaire was distributed to 2,967 athletes at two triathlon events (Frankfurt and Wiesbaden, Germany). Doping behavior was assessed either with the CDM (Frankfurt sample, one Wiesbaden subsample) or the UQM (one Wiesbaden subsample). A generalized likelihood-rati…
TC perfusionale nell'ischemia cerebrale acuta: Valore predittivo dei parametri di perfusione cerebrale nel discriminare il tessuto vitale da quello i…
2007
Purpose. The aim of this study was to assess the value of computed tomography (CT) perfusion parameters in differentiating tissue viability in acute stoke patients. Materials and methods. Thirteen patients (mean age 63.3 years) with nonhaemorrhagic stroke underwent multidetector perfusion CT within 3 h of symptom onset. Images were continuously acquired at the basal ganglia over 40 s during injection of 90 ml of iodinated contrast medium injected at a rate of 9 ml/s with a 9-s delay. Z-axis coverage was 20 mm. All patients underwent diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) within 12 h of perfusion CT to define the extent of the infarct. Perfusion CT data were analysed in regions …
Analysis of F response in upper motoneurone lesions
2009
The F response can provide a measure of motoneurone excitability (MNE) and so it may be used to investigate upper motoneurone disorders. This report studies the F-wave configuration in patients with stroke to evaluate the changes of the central excitability of the motoneurones at different times after an acute cerebral insult. Various parameters of the F response, including amplitude (absolute and F%/M), duration, and persistence have been determined in 26 patients with unilateral hemiplegia and in 32 healthy subjects of both sexes in the same age range. The investigation was carried out applying a series of 20 supramaximal stimuli at 0.5 Hz on tibial and ulnar nerves bilaterally. In all pa…
Leukocyte count, diabetes mellitus and age are strong predictors of stroke in a rural population in southern Italy: an 8-year follow-up.
2001
Stroke incidence rates in the Mediterranean area are higher compared to northern European countries. In this study, we present the 8-year prospective data from a small rural Sicilian town. This population, consisting of 1351 subjects (622 males and 729 females), is homogeneous for ethnic background with traditional healthy dietary habits and shows low cholesterol mean levels. We found that the risk of stroke was significantly associated with the record of at least one previous neurological symptom (PNS), such as lack of strength, loss of vision or speech or possible drop attacks, and high hematocrit in males, and to high body mass index (BMI) and waist-hip ratio (WHR), diabetes, hypertensio…
Genetic Diversity of HIV-1 Non-B Strains in Sicily: Evidence of Intersubtype Recombinants by Sequence Analysis ofgag,pol, andenvGenes
2007
The molecular epidemiology of HIV-1 strains in Sicily (Italy) was phylogenetically investigated by the analysis of HIV-1 gag, pol, and env gene sequences from 11 HIV-1 non-B strains from 408 HIV-1-seropositive patients observed from September 2001 to August 2006. Sequences suggestive of recombination were further investigated by bootscanning analysis of various fragments. Overall, we identified several second-generation recombinant (SGRs) strains, which contained genetic material of CRF02_AG in at least one gene. Notably, three individuals were found to be infected with subsubtype A3, and one of them showed genetic recombination with subsubtype A4. The current study emphasizes the genetic a…
Personality Variables as Predictors of Facebook Usage
2014
This study investigates the role of personality factors as predictors of Facebook usage. Data concerning Facebook usage and personality factors from 654 Facebook users were gathered using a web survey. Using path analysis, the results showed Openness was a predictor of Facebook early adoption, Conscientiousness with sparing use, Extraversion with long sessions and abundant friendships, and Neuroticism with high frequency of sessions. The possible role of Agreeableness in predicting low session frequency and friendships needs further validation.
Factors Associated with Providers' Work Engagement and Burnout in Homeless Services: A Cross-national Study
2021
Contains fulltext : 232434.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) The complexity of homeless service users' characteristics and the contextual challenges faced by services can make the experience of working with people in homelessness stressful and can put providers' well-being at risk. In the current study, we investigated the association between service characteristics (i.e., the availability of training and supervision and the capability-fostering approach) and social service providers' work engagement and burnout. The study involved 497 social service providers working in homeless services in eight different European countries (62% women; mean age = 40.73, SD = 10.45) and was part o…
S-Ketamine-Induced NMDA Receptor Blockade during Natural Speech Production and Its Implications for Formal Thought Disorder in Schizophrenia: A Pharm…
2017
Structural and functional changes in the lateral temporal language areas have been related to formal thought disorder (FTD) in schizophrenia. Continuous, natural speech production activates the right lateral temporal lobe in schizophrenia, as opposed to the left in healthy subjects. Positive and negative FTD can be elicited in healthy subjects by glutamatergic NMDA blockade with ketamine. It is unclear whether the glutamate system is related to the reversed hemispheric lateralization during speaking in patients. In a double-blind, crossover, placebo-controlled study, 15 healthy, male, right-handed volunteers overtly described 7 pictures for 3 min each while BOLD signal changes were acquired…