Search results for "RULE"

Measurement of the c0 Baryon Lifetime

2018

We report a measurement of the lifetime of the $��_c^0$ baryon using proton-proton collision data at center-of-mass energies of 7 and 8~TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3.0 fb$^{-1}$ collected by the LHCb experiment. The sample consists of about 1000 $��_b^-\to��_c^0��^-\bar��_�� X$ signal decays, where the $��_c^0$ baryon is detected in the $pK^-K^-��^+$ final state and $X$ represents possible additional undetected particles in the decay. The $��_c^0$ lifetime is measured to be $��_{��_c^0} = 268\pm24\pm10\pm2$ fs, where the uncertainties are statistical, systematic, and from the uncertainty in the $D^+$ lifetime, respectively. This value is nearly four times larger than, …

Adaptive plasticity of blue tits(Parus caeruleus)and great tits(Parus major)breeding in natural and semi‐natural insular habitats

2004

The breeding performance and foraging of blue and great tits, and the abundance of arthropods living on the trees of an oak-wood and of a coniferous reafforestation were studied in Sicily, in order to: 1) compare breeding parameters in natural and semi-natural habitats within the same area; 2) estimate the degree of overlap in peak resource and peak demand of young tits, and the overlap of nestling diet of the two species in the two habitats. Both species had earlier laying dates, laid more eggs and raised more fledglings in the oakwood than in the reafforestation; they achieved the same fledging success within the same habitat type. These differences are probably due to the earlier and hig…

On the Construction of Optimum Categories in Biomedical Data Recognition Problems

1979

The recognition of patterns within sets of biomedical data involves the following problems: a) Proper recording of the data to be used b) Extraction of suitable features c) Choice of categories or classes which are relevant to the medical decision task d) Estimation of the underlying distributions in the case of using parametric methods e) Choice of an adequate classification rule Whereas a lot of theories and procedures exists for most of these steps — particularly in the field of computer-aided differential diagnosis of electrocardiograms (ECG) (see [6]) — there has been only rare considerations on the problems of definition of appropriate categories.

Filmu fragmenti angļu valodas gramatikas induktīvai apguvei 12. klasē

2016

Skolēnu vajadzības un vēlmes attiecībā uz angļu valodas mācīšanos laika gaitā ir mainījušās, tādēļ, lai nodrošinātu skolēnu mācīšanās vajadzību un vēlmju ievērošanu, skolotājiem ir jābūt informētiem par jaunākajām mācību metodēm un pieejām angļu valodas mācīšanai. Mūsdienās skolēniem nesagādā grūtības komunikācija angļu valodā un viņi ir prasmīgi valodas lietotāji, pateicoties interneta videi, kurā skolēni pavada daļu brīvā laika. Skolotāju loma ir nodrošināt skolēnus ar pareizas valodas un gramatikas lietošanas priekšnosacījumiem, piedāvājot motivējošas un interesantas valodas mācīšanās metodes un instrumentus. Ņemot vērā iepriekšminēto, diplomdarba autore veica pētījumu, lai noskaidrotu k…

Host defence mechanisms against bacterial aggression in periodontal disease : basic mechanisms

2009

Periodontal diseases are complex bacteria-induced infections characterised by an inflammatory host response to plaque microbiota and their by-products. Most of these microorganisms have virulence factors capable of causing massive tissue destruction both directly, through tissue invasion and the production of harmful substances, or indirectly, by activation of host defense mechanisms, creating an inflammatory infiltrate of potent catabolic activity that can interfere with normal host defense mechanisms. In response to the aggression, host defense mechanisms activate innate and adaptive immune responses. Our aim is to offer a general overview of the main mechanisms involved in the host respo…

Bacteriophage Resistance Affects Flavobacterium columnare Virulence Partly via Mutations in Genes Related to Gliding Motility and the Type IX Secreti…

2021

Increasing problems with antibiotic resistance have directed interest toward phage therapy in the aquaculture industry. However, phage resistance evolving in target bacteria is considered a challenge. To investigate how phage resistance influences the fish pathogen Flavobacterium columnare, two wild-type bacterial isolates, FCO-F2 and FCO-F9, were exposed to phages (FCO-F2 to FCOV-F2, FCOV-F5, and FCOV-F25, and FCO-F9 to FCL-2, FCOV-F13, and FCOV-F45), and resulting phenotypic and genetic changes in bacteria were analyzed. Bacterial viability first decreased in the exposure cultures but started to increase after 1 to 2 days, along with a change in colony morphology from original rhizoid to …

PKSP-dependent reduction of phagolysosome fusion and intracellular kill of Aspergillus fumigatus conidia by human monocyte-derived macrophages.

2002

Summary Previously, we described the isolation of an Aspergillus fumigatus mutant producing non-pigmented conidia, as a result of a defective polyketide synthase gene, pksP (polyketide synthase involved in pigment biosynthesis). The virulence of the pksP mutant was attenuated in a murine animal infection model and its conidia showed enhanced susceptibility towards damage by monocytes in vitro. Because macrophage-mediated killing is critical for host resistance to aspergillosis, the interaction of both grey-green wild-type conidia and white pksP mutant conidia with human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) was studied with respect to intracellular processing of ingested conidia. After phagocy…

Two New Eudesmanolides from Artemisia caerulescens subsp. gargantae.

1990

Inhibitors of antibiotic resistance mechanisms: clinical applications and future perspectives

2020

Bacterial strains responsible for antibiotic resistant infections are increasing in an alarming way and the evolution of resistance mechanisms seems to be unstoppable. In the past decade, many efforts have been made in order to counteract this phenomenon but very few compounds have reached clinical trials. The development of new classes of antibiotics able to overcome the main bacterial drug resistance mechanisms is urgently required to counter the imminent danger of a postantibiotic era.

Rule-governed Practices in the Natural World

2020

Abstract I address the question of whether naturalism can provide adequate means for the scientific study of rules and rule-following behavior. As the term “naturalism” is used in many different ways in the contemporary debate, I will first spell out which version of naturalism I am targeting. Then I will recall a classical argument against naturalism in a version presented by Husserl. In the main part of the paper, I will sketch a conception of rule-following behavior that is influenced by Sellars and Haugeland. I will argue that rule-following is an essential part of human nature and insist in the social dimension of rules. Moreover, I will focus on the often overlooked fact that genuine …