Search results for "Radiographic image interpretation"

showing 10 items of 44 documents

Automatable sample fabrication process for pump-probe X-ray holographic imaging

2014

Soft X-ray holography is a recently developed imaging technique with sub-50 nm spatial resolution. Key advantages of this technique are magnetic and elemental sensitivity, compatibility with imaging at free electron laser facilities, and immunity to in-situ sample excitations and sample drift, which enables the reliable detection of relative changes between two images with a precision of a few nanometers. In X-ray holography, the main part of the experimental setup is integrated in the sample, which consequently requires a large number of fabrication steps. Here we present a generic design and an automatable fabrication process for samples suitable, and optimized for, efficient high resolut…

FabricationMaterials scienceImage qualityDynamic imagingHolographyComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONHolography02 engineering and technologyIterative reconstruction01 natural scienceslaw.inventionOpticslaw0103 physical sciencesDigital image processing010306 general physicsImage resolutionLithographybusiness.industryEquipment Design021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsEquipment Failure AnalysisComputer-Aided DesignRadiographic Image Interpretation Computer-Assisted0210 nano-technologybusinessOptics Express
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The efficiency of lead thyroid shield in trauma surgery

1997

Die Strahlenbelastung der Operateure bei unfallchirurgischen Eingriffen hat in den letzten Jahren durch den Trend zu biologischen Osteosyntheseverfahren, insbesondere der Marknagelung, zugenommen, da geschlossene Reposition und distale Verriegelung radiologisch kontrolliert werden. Wir wollten jetzt uberprufen, welchen Einflus der Schilddrusenbleischutz auf die Strahlenbelastung der Operateure bei operativen Eingriffen an den unteren Extremitaten hat. Mit Hilfe eines Unterschenkelphantoms wurden unterschiedliche intraoperative Durchleuchtungssituationen simuliert und die Strahlenbelastung der Schilddruse mit und ohne Bleischutz des Operateurs uber ein Dosismesgerat (Szintomat) festgestellt.…

Gynecologymedicine.medical_specialtybusiness.industryFracture fixationmedicineSurgerybusinessRadiographic image interpretationUnfallchirurgie
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Diffusion equations with negentropy applied to denoise mammographic images.

2006

Mammography is a radiographic technique used for the detection of breast lesions. The analysis of the digital image normally requires a previous application of filters as a preprocessing step to reduce the noise level of the image, while preserving important details to carry out a suitable diagnostic. In the literature, there are a large amount of denoising techniques applied to different medical images. In this work we have studied the performance of a diffusive filter with a stopping condition based on the statistical concept of negentropy, applied to denoise mammographic images. The negentropy has been succesfully prove with other denoising methods as independent component analysis by th…

Image qualityNoise reductionEntropyPhysics::Medical PhysicsNormal DistributionBreast NeoplasmsDiffusionDigital imagesymbols.namesakeBreast DiseasesHumansComputer visionImage restorationMathematicsModels Statisticalbusiness.industryWiener filterReproducibility of ResultsFilter (signal processing)Models TheoreticalNon-local meansRadiographic Image EnhancementComputer Science::Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionSubtraction TechniquesymbolsRadiographic Image Interpretation Computer-AssistedNegentropyArtificial intelligencebusinessArtifactsAlgorithmsMammography
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Workflow-centred open-source fully automated lung volumetry in chest CT

2019

Aim To develop a robust open-source method for fully automated extraction of total lung capacity (TLC) from computed tomography (CT) images and to demonstrate its integration into the clinical workflow. Materials and methods Using only open-source software, an algorithm was developed based on a region-growing method that does not require manual interaction. Lung volumes calculated from reconstructions with different kernels (TLCCT) were assessed. To validate the algorithm calculations, the results were correlated to TLC measured by pulmonary function testing (TLCPFT) in a subgroup of patients for which this information was available within 3 days of the CT examination. Results A total of 28…

MaleChest ct030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingPulmonary function testing03 medical and health sciencesImaging Three-Dimensional0302 clinical medicineHumansMedicineRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingSegmentationLung volumesRetrospective Studiesbusiness.industryGeneral MedicineMiddle Agedrespiratory systemRespiratory Function Testsrespiratory tract diseasesWorkflowOpen sourceFully automated030220 oncology & carcinogenesisLung volumetryRadiographic Image Interpretation Computer-AssistedFemaleRadiography ThoracicLung Volume MeasurementsTomography X-Ray ComputedNuclear medicinebusinessAlgorithmsSoftwareClinical Radiology
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In Vivo Strain Analysis of Dilated Ascending Thoracic Aorta by ECG-Gated CT Angiographic Imaging

2017

Accurate assessment of aortic extensibility is a requisite first step for elucidating the pathophysiology of an ascending thoracic aortic aneurysm (ATAA). This study aimed to develop a framework for the in vivo evaluation of the full-field distribution of the aortic wall strain by imaging analysis of electrocardiographic- (ECG) gated thoracic data of 34 patients with ATAA. Seven healthy controls (i.e., non-aneurysmal aorta) from patients who underwent ECG-gated CT angiography for coronary artery diseases were included for comparison. To evaluate the systolic function, ECG-gated computed tomography (CT) angiography was used to generate patient-specific geometric meshes of the ascending aorta…

MaleCompressive StrengthComputed Tomography AngiographyAorta Thoracic02 engineering and technology030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyECG-gated CT angiographyAortic aneurysm0302 clinical medicineBicuspid aortic valveMedicineThoracic aortaComputed tomography angiographyAged 80 and overmedicine.diagnostic_testModels CardiovascularMiddle Agedcardiovascular systemCardiologyElasticity Imaging TechniquesRadiographic Image Interpretation Computer-AssistedFemaleHumanmedicine.medical_specialtyBicuspid aortic valve0206 medical engineeringBiomedical EngineeringCardiac-Gated Imaging TechniquesReproducibility of ResultCardiac-Gated Imaging TechniqueThoracic aortic aneurysmSensitivity and SpecificityAscending thoracic aortic aneurysm strain03 medical and health sciencesRupture riskElasticity Imaging Techniquemedicine.arteryInternal medicineElastic ModulusTensile StrengthAscending aortaHumansComputer Simulationcardiovascular diseasesAgedAortaElastic ModuluAortic Aneurysm Thoracicbusiness.industryReproducibility of Resultsmedicine.disease020601 biomedical engineeringAngiographyStress Mechanicalbusiness
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Reproducibility of CT Radiomic Features within the Same Patient: Influence of Radiation Dose and CT Reconstruction Settings.

2019

Background Results of recent phantom studies show that variation in CT acquisition parameters and reconstruction techniques may make radiomic features largely nonreproduceable and of limited use for prognostic clinical studies. Purpose To investigate the effect of CT radiation dose and reconstruction settings on the reproducibility of radiomic features, as well as to identify correction factors for mitigating these sources of variability. Materials and Methods This was a secondary analysis of a prospective study of metastatic liver lesions in patients who underwent staging with single-energy dual-source contrast material-enhanced staging CT between September 2011 and April 2012. Technique p…

MaleContrast MediaRadiation Dosage030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineMedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingProspective StudiesCluster analysisNeoplasm StagingReproducibilitybusiness.industryRadiation doseLiver NeoplasmsReproducibility of ResultsReconstruction algorithmMiddle AgedHierarchical clusteringFeature (computer vision)radiomics030220 oncology & carcinogenesisRadiographic Image Interpretation Computer-AssistedFemaleTomographybusinessNuclear medicineTomography X-Ray ComputedCt reconstructionAlgorithmsRadiology
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Quantification of epicardial adipose tissue in coronary calcium score and CT coronary angiography image data sets: comparison of attenuation values, …

2016

The aim of the study was to compare epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) characteristics assessed with coronary calcium score (CS) and CT coronary angiography (CTCA) image data sets.In 76 patients (mean age 59 ± 13 years) who underwent CS and CTCA owing to suspected coronary artery disease (CAD), EAT was quantified in terms of density (Hounsfield units), thickness and volume. The EAT volume was extracted with a semi-automatic software.A moderate correlation was found between EAT density in CS and CTCA image data sets (-100 ± 19 HU vs -70 ± 24 HU; p  0.05, r = 0.55). The distribution of EAT was not symmetrical with a maximal thickness at the right atrioventricular groove (14.2 ± 5.3 mm in CS, 15.…

MaleCoronary angiographyComputed Tomography AngiographyAdipose tissueCoronary Artery Disease030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyCoronary AngiographySensitivity and Specificity030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingCoronary artery disease03 medical and health sciencesImaging Three-Dimensional0302 clinical medicineHounsfield scalemedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingVascular CalcificationAdiposityComputed tomography angiographyFull Papermedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryReproducibility of ResultsMean ageGeneral MedicineMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseCoronary Calcium ScoreAdipose Tissueepicardial adipose tissue CT coronary angiographyEpicardial adipose tissueRadiographic Image Interpretation Computer-AssistedFemaleSettore MED/36 - Diagnostica Per Immagini E RadioterapiabusinessNuclear medicinePericardiumAlgorithmsThe British Journal of Radiology
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Early evaluation using a radiomic signature of unresectable hepatic metastases to predict outcome in patients with colorectal cancer treated with FOL…

2020

PurposeThe objective of this study was to build and validate a radiomic signature to predict early a poor outcome using baseline and 2-month evaluation CT and to compare it to the RECIST1·1 and morphological criteria defined by changes in homogeneity and borders.MethodsThis study is an ancillary study from the PRODIGE-9 multicentre prospective study for which 491 patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) treated by 5-fluorouracil, leucovorin and irinotecan (FOLFIRI) and bevacizumab had been analysed. In 230 patients, computed texture analysis was performed on the dominant liver lesion (DLL) at baseline and 2 months after chemotherapy. RECIST1·1 evaluation was performed at 6 months. …

MaleOncologyColorectal cancermedicine.medical_treatmentLeucovorinKaplan-Meier Estimate030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingMESH: Camptothecin / administration & dosage; Camptothecin / analogs & derivatives; Colorectal Neoplasms / drug therapy; Colorectal Neoplasms / pathology; Computational Biology; Female0302 clinical medicineAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsProspective StudiesProspective cohort studyAged 80 and overLiver NeoplasmsGastroenterologyMESH: Radiographic Image Interpretation Computer-Assisted; Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors; Survival Rate;Tomography X-Ray ComputedMiddle AgedBevacizumabSurvival Rate030220 oncology & carcinogenesisCohortFOLFIRIRadiographic Image Interpretation Computer-AssistedFemaleFluorouracilColorectal NeoplasmsClinical decision makingmedicine.drugAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyBevacizumab[SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/CancerMESH: Fluorouracil / administration & dosage; Humans; Kaplan-Meier Estimate; Leucovorin / administration & dosage; Liver Neoplasms / diagnostic imagingComputerised image analysis03 medical and health sciencesColorectal metastasesMESH: Adult; Aged 80 and over; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / administration & dosage; Bevacizumab / administration & dosage; Camptothecin / administration & dosagePredictive Value of TestsInternal medicine[INFO.INFO-IM]Computer Science [cs]/Medical ImagingmedicineHumansChemotherapyResponse Evaluation Criteria in Solid TumorsMESH: Liver Neoplasms / secondary; Male; Middle Aged; Predictive Value of Tests; Prospective StudiesAgedChemotherapybusiness.industryComputational Biology[SDV.MHEP.HEG]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Hépatology and Gastroenterologymedicine.diseaseColorectal cancerLog-rank testIrinotecanCamptothecinTomography X-Ray ComputedbusinessGut
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ECG-GATED MULTIDETECTOR COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF THE POSTOPERATIVE ASCENDING AORTA

2009

This study was undertaken to define the role of electrocardiographically (ECG)-gated multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) in the assessment of the postoperative ascending aorta. From November 2006 to June 2007, 21 patients, [11 men, ten women; age +/- standard deviation (SD): 62.7 +/- 10.8 years] with a history of ascending aorta replacement underwent ECG-gated MDCT and were prospectively included in our study. Ascending aorta replacement had been performed with different surgical techniques: Bentall-De Bono (four patients, 19%), Tirone-David (five patients, 23%), and modified Tirone-David with creation of aortic neosinuses (12 patients, 57%). Two patients were excluded from MDCT evalua…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyAortic DiseasesContrast MediaAorta ThoracicBlood Vessel Prosthesis ImplantationElectrocardiographyPostoperative ComplicationsAortic valve replacementECG gatingmedicine.arteryAscending aortaMultidetector computed tomographymedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingAortic valve prosthesicardiovascular diseasesAortaNeuroradiologyAortamedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryMultidetector CTUltrasoundInterventional radiologySettore MED/23 - Chirurgia CardiacaGeneral MedicineMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseIopamidolAortic valve replacementTreatment OutcomeEchocardiographyEcg gatingcardiovascular systemRadiographic Image Interpretation Computer-AssistedFemaleRadiologybusinessTomography X-Ray ComputedSettore MED/36 - Diagnostica Per Immagini E Radioterapia
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Diagnostic performance of whole brain volume perfusion CT in intra-axial brain tumors: preoperative classification accuracy and histopathologic corre…

2012

Abstract Background To evaluate the preoperative diagnostic power and classification accuracy of perfusion parameters derived from whole brain volume perfusion CT (VPCT) in patients with cerebral tumors. Methods Sixty-three patients (31 male, 32 female; mean age 55.6 ± 13.9 years), with MRI findings suspected of cerebral lesions, underwent VPCT. Two readers independently evaluated VPCT data. Volumes of interest (VOIs) were marked circumscript around the tumor according to maximum intensity projection volumes, and then mapped automatically onto the cerebral blood volume (CBV), flow (CBF) and permeability Ktrans perfusion datasets. A second VOI was placed in the contra lateral cortex, as cont…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyPerfusion ImagingHemodynamicsSensitivity and Specificity030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingCorrelation03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineImaging Three-DimensionalCortex (anatomy)Preoperative CaremedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingNeovascularization Pathologicbusiness.industryBrain NeoplasmsReproducibility of ResultsGeneral MedicineMiddle AgedPrognosisTumor BurdenCerebral blood volumemedicine.anatomical_structureMaximum intensity projectionBrain sizeCerebral hemisphereRadiographic Image Interpretation Computer-AssistedFemaleRadiologyNuclear medicinebusinessTomography X-Ray ComputedPerfusion030217 neurology & neurosurgeryAlgorithmsEuropean journal of radiology
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