Search results for "Raphe"

showing 10 items of 839 documents

Central functional response to the novel peptide cannabinoid, hemopressin.

2013

Hemopressin is the first peptide ligand to be described for the CB₁ cannabinoid receptor. Hemopressin acts as an inverse agonist in vivo and can cross the blood-brain barrier to both inhibit appetite and induce antinociception. Despite being highly effective, synthetic CB₁ inverse agonists are limited therapeutically due to unwanted, over dampening of central reward pathways. However, hemopressin appears to have its effect on appetite by affecting satiety rather than reward, suggesting an alternative mode of action which might avoid adverse side effects. Here, to resolve the neuronal circuitry mediating hemopressin's actions, we have combined blood-oxygen-level-dependent, pharmacological-ch…

AM251MaleCannabinoid receptorHypothalamus MiddleNerve Tissue ProteinsNucleus accumbensSatiety ResponseRats Sprague-DawleyCellular and Molecular Neurosciencechemistry.chemical_compoundHemoglobinsMiceRandom AllocationPiperidinesReceptor Cannabinoid CB1Appetite DepressantsmedicineInverse agonistAnimalsPeriaqueductal GrayPharmacologyMice KnockoutNeuronsBehavior AnimalCannabinoidsHemopressinPeptide FragmentsRatsVentral tegmental areamedicine.anatomical_structurechemistryPyrazolesRaphe NucleiBrain stimulation rewardRaphe nucleiPsychologyNeuroscienceInjections Intraperitonealmedicine.drugNeuropharmacology
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Low-Cost Synthesis of Smart Biocompatible Graphene Oxide Reduced Species by Means of GFP.

2015

The aim of this work is focused on the engineering of biocompatible complex systems composed of an inorganic and bio part. Graphene oxide (GO) and/or graphite oxide (GtO) were taken into account as potential substrates to the linkage of the protein such as Anemonia sulcata recombinant green fluorescent protein (rAsGFP). The complex system is obtained through a reduction process between GO/GtO and rAsGFP archiving an environmentally friendly biosynthesis. Spectroscopic measurements support the formation of reduced species. In particular, photoluminescence shows a change in the activity of the protein when a bond is formed, highlighted by a loss of the maximum emission signal of rAsGFP and a …

Absorption (pharmacology)HemolysiPhotoluminescenceMaterials scienceBiocompatibilityGreen Fluorescent ProteinsOxideNanotechnologyGraphite oxideBioengineeringBiocompatible Materials02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistryGFP01 natural sciencesBiochemistryApplied Microbiology and Biotechnologylaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundlawGraphiteMolecular BiologyGraphene oxideReductionGraphenegraphene oxide; graphite oxide; GFP; reduction; biocompatibility; hemolysisOxidesGeneral Medicine021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical scienceschemistryChemical engineeringDrug deliveryGraphite oxideBiocompatibilityGraphite0210 nano-technologyBiotechnologyApplied biochemistry and biotechnology
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Water absorption and hydrothermal ageing of epoxy adhesives reinforced with amino-functionalized graphene oxide nanoparticles

2021

Abstract The study is focused on quantitative characterization of water absorption and hydrothermal ageing effects in a room-temperature amine cured epoxy adhesive widely used in automotive, aerospace, construction, and marine industries. Amino-functionalized graphene oxide (mGO) nanoparticles were incorporated into the epoxy (up to 1.72 wt.%) enabled cross-linking reactions and providing high interfacial adhesion, superior reinforcement efficiency and enhanced resistance to hydrothermal ageing of nanocomposites. Anomalous water absorption accompanied by progressive weight loss of samples (down to 7%) is fitted by two-stage models considering additive and coupled contribution from water dif…

Absorption of waterMaterials sciencePolymers and PlasticsGrapheneOxideEpoxyCondensed Matter PhysicsHydrothermal circulationlaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryChemical engineeringMechanics of Materialslawvisual_artMaterials Chemistryvisual_art.visual_art_mediumAdhesiveLeaching (metallurgy)Glass transitionPolymer Degradation and Stability
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Immediate transfer of synesthesia to a novel inducer.

2009

In synesthesia, a certain stimulus (e.g. grapheme) is associated automatically and consistently with a stable perceptual-like experience (e.g. color). These associations are acquired in early childhood and remain robust throughout the lifetime. Synesthetic associations can transfer to novel inducers in adulthood as one learns a second language that uses another writing system. However, it is not known how long this transfer takes. We found that grapheme-color associations can transfer to novel graphemes after only a 10-minute writing exercise. Most subjects experienced synesthetic associations immediately after learning a new Glagolitic grapheme. Using a Stroop task, we provide objective ev…

AdultMaleTime FactorsColor visionmedia_common.quotation_subjectConcept FormationTransfer PsychologyWritingGraphemeColorStimulus (physiology)Concept learningPerceptionmedicineHumansSynesthesiamedia_commonAgedLanguageMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseSensory SystemsSemanticsOphthalmologyWriting systemPattern Recognition VisualFemaleCuesPsychologyColor PerceptionPhotic StimulationStroop effectCognitive psychologyJournal of vision
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Progression of untreated mild thoracic Scheuermann's kyphosis – Radiographic and functional assessment after mean follow-up of 46 years

2017

There is no data available on the radiographic development of the Scheuermann's deformity. Our purpose was to investigate radiographic deformity progression and the relation between kyphosis progression and clinical outcome in patients with untreated Scheuermann's kyphosis.Thoracic kyphosis (Th4-Th12) was measured from standing lateral radiographs in 19 patients at baseline and after mean 46-year follow-up. Mean age at baseline was 19.2 and at follow-up 64.7 years. At follow-up, height, weight, hand grip strength, and hamstring tightness were measured, and sit-to-stand and walking tests were performed. Additionally general health and quality of life questionnaires were administered.The mean…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyTime FactorsAdolescentScheuermann's kyphosisRadiographyKyphosisScheuermann DiseasepatientsspineThoracic VertebraeYoung Adult03 medical and health sciencesGrip strength0302 clinical medicineQuality of lifeDeformitymedicineHumansScheuermanns kyfosOrthopedics and Sports MedicineRange of Motion Articularradiologi030222 orthopedicsradiographersbusiness.industryta3141Recovery of Functionfollow-up studyMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseSurgeryRadiographymedicine.anatomical_structureThoracic vertebraeDisease ProgressionorthopedicsFemaleSurgerybehandlingsresultatmedicine.symptomRange of motionbusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryHamstringFollow-Up Studiestreatment methodsJournal of Orthopaedic Science
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The burnout phenomenon among student radiographers: a single centre experience

2017

Burnout syndrome is a condition that may occur not only for staff in human service sectors/jobs, involving intensive interactions with others, but also people that are engaged in activities psychologically similar to work, such as students. Radiographers in training suffer double stress, first linked to the status of being a university student and secondly as early career workers who have relations with the public of the health system. Aim of our study was to investigate the prevalence and levels of burnout syndrome among radiographers in training in an University Hospital.In order to gain a better understanding of nature of the burnout syndrome a modified version of Maslach's questionnaire…

AdultMaleradiographers in trainingAdolescentburnout syndromeHospitals UniversityRadiographystressYoung AdultDepersonalizationSurveys and QuestionnairesPrevalenceHumansFemaleProspective StudiesRadiologyStudentsBurnout Professionalburnout syndrome; radiographers in training; stressStress Psychological
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CB1 cannabinoid receptor-mediated aggressive behavior

2013

This study examined the role of cannabinoid CB1 receptors (CB1r) in aggressive behavior. Social encounters took place in grouped and isolated mice lacking CB1r (CB1KO) and in wild-type (WT) littermates. Cognitive impulsivity was evaluated in the delayed reinforcement task (DRT). Gene expression analyses of monoaminooxidase-A (MAO-A), catechol-o-methyl-transferase (COMT), 5-hydroxytriptamine transporter (5-HTT) and 5-HT1B serotonergic receptor (5HT1Br) in the median and dorsal raphe nuclei (MnR and DR, respectively) and in the amygdala (AMY) were performed by real time-PCR. Double immunohistochemistry studies evaluated COMT and CB1r co-localization in the raphe nuclei and in the cortical (AC…

AgonistMalemedicine.medical_specialtyCannabinoid receptorTime Factorsmedicine.drug_classmedicine.medical_treatmentPoison controlArachidonic AcidsSerotonergicCatechol O-MethyltransferaseAmygdalaCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceMiceDorsal raphe nucleusReceptor Cannabinoid CB1Internal medicinemedicineAnimalsInterpersonal RelationsMonoamine OxidasePharmacologyCannabinoid Receptor AgonistsMice KnockoutSerotonin Plasma Membrane Transport ProteinsAmygdalaSurgeryAggressionmedicine.anatomical_structureEndocrinologynervous systemGene Expression RegulationImpulsive BehaviorReceptor Serotonin 5-HT1BConditioning OperantRaphe NucleiCannabinoidRaphe nucleiPsychologyReinforcement Psychology
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Enhancement of the FGFR1 signaling in the FGFR1-5-HT1A heteroreceptor complex in midbrain raphe 5-HT neuron systems. Relevance for neuroplasticity an…

2015

New findings show existence of FGFR1-5-HT1A heteroreceptor complexes in 5-HT nerve cells of the dorsal and median raphe nuclei of the rat midbrain and hippocampus. Synergistic receptor-receptor interactions in these receptor complexes indicated their enhancing role in hippocampal plasticity. The existence of FGFR1-5-HT1A heteroreceptor complexes also in midbrain raphe 5-HT nerve cells open up the possibility that antidepressant drugs by increasing extracellular 5-HT levels can cause an activation of the FGF-2/FGFR1 mechanism in these nerve cells as well. Therefore, the agonist modulation of the FGFR1-5-HT1A heteroreceptor complexes and their specific role is now determined in rat medullary …

AgonistSerotoninmedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.drug_classCellular differentiationBiophysicsHeteroreceptor complexBiologyHeteroreceptorBiochemistrySettore BIO/09 - FisiologiaCell LineMidbrainDorsal raphe nucleusMesencephalonInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsSerotonin 5-HT1A receptorReceptor Fibroblast Growth Factor Type 1Protein Interaction MapsPhosphorylationExtracellular Signal-Regulated MAP KinasesMolecular BiologyNeurons8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralinNeuronal PlasticityRapheDepressionAnimalExtracellular Signal-Regulated MAP KinaseCell BiologySerotonin 5-HT1 Receptor AgonistsNeuronFibroblast growth factor receptorRatsEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structurenervous systemReceptor Serotonin 5-HT1AAutoreceptorRatFibroblast Growth Factor 2Serotonin 5-HT1 Receptor AgonistNeuronDimerizationNeuroscienceDepression; Dimerization; Fibroblast growth factor receptor; Heteroreceptor complex; Neuronal plasticity; Serotonin 5-HT1A receptor; 8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin; Animals; Cell Line; Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; Fibroblast Growth Factor 2; Mesencephalon; Neurons; Phosphorylation; Rats; Receptor Fibroblast Growth Factor Type 1; Receptor Serotonin 5-HT1A; Serotonin; Serotonin 5-HT1 Receptor Agonists; Neuronal Plasticity; Protein Interaction Maps
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Increase of the FGFR1 signaling in the FGFR1-5-HT1A heteroreceptor complex in midbrain raphe 5-HT neuron systems via allosteric receptor-receptor int…

2015

The ascending midbrain 5-HT neurons known to contain 5-HT1A autoreceptors may be dysregulated in depression due to a reduced trophic support. New findings show existence of FGFR1-5-HT1A heteroreceptor complexes in the rat hippocampus with a partial characterization of their interface and in midbrain raphe 5-HT nerve cells. With in situ Proximity Ligation Assay (PLA) and supported by co-location of the FGFR1 and 5-HT1A immunoreactivities in midbrain raphe 5-HT cells, evidence for the existence of FGFR1-5-HT1A heteroreceptor complexes were obtained in the dorsal and median raphe nuclei of the Sprague–Dawley rat. Their existence in the rat medullary raphe RN33B cell cultures was also establish…

Agonistmedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.drug_classheteroreceptor complexesBiologyHeteroreceptorMidbrain03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineDorsal raphe nucleusInternal medicinemedicineMultidisciplinaryRapheReceptor-receptor interactionCell biologyEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structureserotonin 5-HT1A receptornervous system030220 oncology & carcinogenesisPoster Presentationfibroblast growth factor receptorAutoreceptorNeuron030217 neurology & neurosurgerySpringerPlus
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ChemInform Abstract: Non-Conventional Methods and Media for the Activation and Manipulation of Carbon Nanoforms

2014

Very often, chemical transformations require tedious and long procedures, which, sometimes, can be avoided using alternative methods and media. New protocols, enabling us to save time and solvents, allow us also to explore new reaction profiles. This Tutorial Review focuses on the physical and chemical behavior of carbon nanoforms, CNFs (fullerenes, nanotubes, nanohorns, graphene, etc.) when non-conventional methods and techniques, such as microwave irradiation, mechano-chemistry or highly ionizing radiations are employed. In addition, the reactivity of CNFs in non-conventional media such as water, fluorinated solvents, supercritical fluids, or ionic liquids is also discussed.

Alternative methodsFullereneChemistryGraphenechemistry.chemical_elementNanotechnologyGeneral MedicineSupercritical fluidlaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundlawMicrowave irradiationIonic liquidReactivity (chemistry)CarbonChemInform
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