Search results for "Reaction"

showing 10 items of 6134 documents

ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of 3-Vinylindole Derivatives with Dienophiles.

2010

Reactions of 3-(1-cyclohexenyl)-1,2-dimethylindole (1a) and the 1,2-dihydrocarbazole 1b with some carbo- and heterodienophiles are described. Thus, compound 1a reacts to give ene, Michael-type, and Diels-Alder adducts, depending on the dienophile and reaction conditions. The 3-vinylindole 1b reacts with 4-phenyl-1,2,4-triazoline-3,5-dione or N-phenylmaleimide in a dehydrogenative reaction to yield the fully aromatized carbazole 8.

Reaction conditionsAddition reactionchemistry.chemical_compoundChemistryCarbazoleYield (chemistry)Organic chemistryGeneral MedicineEne reactionAdductChemInform
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Synthesis of Optically Pure Arylamine Derivatives by Using the Bucherer Reaction

2017

The Bucherer reaction is a common pathway for the conversion of 1- and 2-naphthols into the corresponding 1- or 2-naphthylamines, respectively. Mostly, only singular examples for its preparative use are reported since this particular transformation seems to be very sensitive to the reaction conditions. By choosing different phenolic substrates and chiral amines, we were able to prepare a broad scope of optically pure arylamines using this type of reaction. In contrast to alternative methods forming C−N aryl bonds such as Buchwald-Hartwig or Chan-Lam cross-coupling reactions, no palladium or copper catalysts are required. The use of water as solvent and the easily available starting material…

Reaction conditionsAlternative methodsBucherer reaction010405 organic chemistryArylchemistry.chemical_elementGeneral Chemistry010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesCopper0104 chemical sciencesCatalysisSolventchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryOrganic chemistryPalladiumChemistrySelect
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Palladium-Catalyzed N-Arylation Reactions with Aziridine and Azetidine

2007

Studies on the viability of palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions of aryl- or hetaryl bromides with the parent aziridine or azetidine showed that a wide range of N-arylaziridines and N-arylazetidines are accessible by this method. Ring cleavage of the N-arylaziridines or -azetidines thus produced does not occur under the applied reaction conditions. The synthetic utility of the method is illustrated by examples of double N-arylations with either aziridine or azetidine.

Reaction conditionsChemistryArylOrganic ChemistryAzetidinechemistry.chemical_elementGeneral MedicineAziridineCleavage (embryo)Ring (chemistry)Medicinal chemistryCatalysisCatalysischemistry.chemical_compoundOrganic chemistryPalladiumSynthesis
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Synthese und eigenschaften von einem nitrosubstituierten p-polyphenylen und von nitrosubstituierten p-oligophenylenen. 15. Mitteilung1

1964

Bei aromatischen Nitrojodverbindungen nimmt die ULLMANN-Reaktion unter verhaltnismasig milden Bedingungen einen praktisch quantitativen Verlauf, wenn sich das Jod in der o-Stellung zu einer Nitrogruppe befindet. Mit einer entsprechenden bifunktionellen Verbindung, dem 4,4′-Dijod-3,3′-dinitrobiphenyl, konnte unter den gleichen Bedingungen ein nitrosubstituiertes p-Polyphenylen erhalten werden, ein hellgelbes, unlosliches und unschmelzbares Pulver, das sich bei hoherer Temperatur (> 250°C) zersetzt. Auf Grund des Jodgehaltes (Endgruppen) wurde ein mittlerer Kondensationsgrad von 52 berechnet; das entspricht einer p-Phenylenkette aus 104 Benzolringen. Das Polymere ist kristallin und besitzt ei…

Reaction conditionsChemistryLong periodPolymer chemistryNitroHalogenationSolubilityIodine compoundsUllmann reactionDie Makromolekulare Chemie
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On the mechanism of the addition of organolithium reagents to cinnamic acids

2001

Abstract The regioselectivity of the addition of tert-butyllithium to cinnamic acid is subject to reaction conditions and to substituent electronic effects. Significant effects are observed in the presence of several additives including a radical trap such as α-methylstyrene. Competition experiments by addition of the organolithium reagent to mixtures of substituted cinnamic acids show that the relative rates of both conversion of the starting acids and formation of the 1,3-adducts are subject to electronic effects, whereas rates for 1,4-addition are independent of the substituents. These features are in agreement with a polar addition mechanism, but a fast SET equilibrium followed by slow …

Reaction conditionsChemistryOrganic ChemistrySubstituentRegioselectivitychemistry.chemical_elementOrganolithium reagentBiochemistryMedicinal chemistryCinnamic acidchemistry.chemical_compoundReagentDrug DiscoveryElectronic effectOrganic chemistryLithiumTetrahedron
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The effect of trivalent framework heteroatoms in Cu-CHA on the Selective Catalytic Reduction of NO

2021

Abstract The effect of the trivalent framework atoms (Si4+/M3+ = 13-105) in Cu exchanged CHA-type zeolites was investigated for the selective catalytic reduction of NO with NH3. While the increased hydrophobicity of B-CHA compared to Al-CHA could make it a good candidate for low temperature SCR, the material was too unstable under reaction conditions and the exchanged Cu2+ did not remain isolated. Consequently a lower activity and selectivity than for Al-CHA were observed. Ga-CHA on the other hand showed a similar Cu2+ speciation as Al-CHA at similar Si4+/M3+ ratios. The difference in catalytic activity was remarkably small. While Ga-CHA was less stable upon hydrothermal aging, this was mar…

Reaction conditionsChemistryProcess Chemistry and Technologymedia_common.quotation_subjectHeteroatomInorganic chemistrySelective catalytic reductionCatalysisHydrothermal circulationCatalysisSpeciationSelectivityZeolitemedia_commonApplied Catalysis A: General
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PHOSPHORORGANISCHE VERBINDUNGEN 115 WEGE ZUM ANALYTISCHEN NACHWEIS VON VERBINDUNGEN MIT DER P(O)F- UND P(O)SR-GRUPPE

1984

Abstract Acridine-9-hydroxamicacid 5 is suitable for the analytical detection of the model phosphorylfluorides 7 by fluorescence. The model compounds are rearranged according to Lossen and degradated to the fluorescent 9-aminoacridine 6 using defined reaction conditions. Thiophospho-S-esters (with diethyl-thiophosphinicacid-S-butylester 8 as a model compound) are cleaved to the corresponding phosphoryl-fluorides (a) and mercaptanes (b) by fluorolysis. (a) is identified qualitatively with acridine-9-hydroxamicacid 5, (b) by the Ellman-reaction. Zum Fluoreszenznachweis der Modellphosphorylfluoride 7 ist Acridin-9-hydroxamsaure 5 geeignet. Die Modellverbindungen 7 werden unter Einhaltung defin…

Reaction conditionsChemistryStereochemistryMedicinal chemistryFluorescencePhosphorus and Sulfur and the Related Elements
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First Fluorous Synthesis of Fluorinated Uracils

2006

This paper describes a novel fluorous synthesis of fluorinated uracils 4. In this new protocol, fluorous alcohols 1, which are used as fluorous tags, are acetylated to yield acetates 2, which in turn are treated with a base to form their enolates. These are then reacted with fluorinated nitriles to furnish tagged β-enamino esters 3. Although this condensation step had been performed easily in previous solution and solid-phase syntheses, it proved to be very elusive in the fluorous version. Meticulous control of the reaction conditions was thus essential in order to achieve satisfactory yields of β-enamino esters 3. The final treatment of compounds 3 with isocyanates or isothiocyanates effic…

Reaction conditionsChemistryYield (chemistry)Organic ChemistryDrug DiscoveryOrganic chemistryGeneral MedicineCombinatorial chemistryComputer Science ApplicationsQSAR & Combinatorial Science
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Efficient flow injection and sequential injection methods for spectrophotometric determination of oxybenzone in sunscreens based on reaction with Ni(…

2001

Spectrophotometric determination of a widely used UV-filter, such as oxybenzone, is proposed. The method is based on the complexation reaction between oxybenzone and Ni(II) in ammoniacal medium. The stoichiometry of the reaction, established by the Job method, was 1:1. Reaction conditions were studied and the experimental parameters were optimized, for both flow injection (FI) and sequential injection (SI) determinations, with comparative purposes. Sunscreen formulations containing oxybenzone were analyzed by the proposed methods and results compared with those obtained by HPLC. Data show that both FI and SI procedures provide accurate and precise results. The ruggedness, sensitivity and LO…

Reaction conditionsChromatographymedicine.diagnostic_testColor reactionAnalytical chemistryBiochemistryHigh-performance liquid chromatographySensitivity and Specificitychemistry.chemical_compoundSequential injectionBenzophenoneschemistryAmmoniaNickelSpectrophotometrySpectrophotometrymedicineIndicators and ReagentsOxybenzoneQuantitative analysis (chemistry)Sunscreening AgentsStoichiometryChromatography High Pressure LiquidFresenius' journal of analytical chemistry
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Understanding phenolic acids inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase and influence of reaction conditions

2022

Phenolic acids are involved in modulating the activity of starch digestive enzymes but remains unclear if their interaction with enzymes or starch is governing the inhibition. The potential inhibition of nine phenolic acids against α-amylase and α-glucosidase was studied applying different methodologies to understand interactions between phenolic acids and either enzymes or substrates. Vanillic and syringic acids were prone to interact with α-amylase requiring low half-maximum inhibitory concentration (IC50) to inhibit starch hydrolysis. Nevertheless, the initial interaction of phenolic acids with starch somewhat obstructed their interaction with starch, requiring 10 times higher IC50, with…

Reaction conditionsGelatinizationbiologyStarchHydrolysisα glucosidaseIn vitro reactionEuropean Regional Development Fundfood and beveragesalpha-GlucosidasesStarchGeneral MedicineMaltoseAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundDigestive enzymeschemistrybiology.proteinGlycoside Hydrolase InhibitorsChristian ministryFood scienceAmylasealpha-AmylasesMaltoseFood ScienceFood Chemistry
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