Search results for "Reaction"

showing 10 items of 6134 documents

Synthesis of (E)- and (Z)-29-methylidyne-2,3-oxidosqualene derivatives as inhibitors of liver and yeast oxidosqualene cyclase

2002

The synthesis of (E)- and (Z)-29-methylidyne-2,3-oxidosqualene derivatives is described starting from the C22 and C17 squalene aldehyde monobromohydrins. The conversion was achieved by means of a Wittig reaction, followed by desilylation of the terminal acetylene. For trisubstituted 1,3-enynes, preliminary alkylation with a suitable allyl bromide was performed. A new procedure for the synthesis of squalene aldehyde C27, C22 and C17 monobromohydrins is also described. Some of the new compounds behaved as inhibitors of pig liver and yeast oxidosqualene cyclase and were time-dependent inhibitors of the animal enzyme.

chemistry.chemical_classificationAllyl bromideoxidosqualene derivatives; oxidosqualene cyclase; squaleneStereochemistryAlkylationsqualeneAldehydeYeast23-Oxidosqualenechemistry.chemical_compoundSqualeneEnzymechemistryWittig reactionoxidosqualene cyclaselipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)oxidosqualene derivatives
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Synthesis of Spirovetivane Sesquiterpenes from Santonin. Synthesis of (+)-Anhydro-β-rotunol and All Diastereomers of 6,11-Spirovetivadiene

2004

The synthesis of the spirovetivane sesquiterpenes (+)-anhydro-beta-rotunol and all the diastereomers of 6,11-spirovetivadiene in enantiomerically pure form has been achieved starting from santonin. The key step is the silicon-guided acid-promoted rearrangement of a 1-trimethylsilyl-4,5-epoxyeudesmane prepared from santonin in several steps involving lactone reductive opening, conjugate addition of TMSLi-CuCN, deoxygenation of a carbonyl group, and epoxidation. Rearrangement of the epoxide gave a spiro[4,5]decanediol which was used as a synthetic intermediate. From this compound, (+)-anhydro-beta-rotunol was prepared after elimination of the primary hydroxyl group in the side chain, followed…

chemistry.chemical_classificationAllylic rearrangementAddition reactionKetoneStereochemistryOrganic ChemistryMolecular ConformationDiastereomerEpoxideStereoisomerismChemical synthesischemistry.chemical_compoundchemistrySide chainSpiro CompoundsSantoninSesquiterpenesDeoxygenationThe Journal of Organic Chemistry
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Asymmetric Tandem Reactions: New Strategies and Applications

2013

Abstract The application of allylic sulphoxides and, particularly, the chiral amine reagent tert-butanesulphinamide has been extended to three different tandem processes. The condensation of (R)-(+)-allyl p-tolyl sulphoxide, fluorinated nitriles and alkyl propiolates led to a new family of enantiomerically pure fluorine-containing 1,4- dihydropyridines. A diastereoselective nucleophilic addition of fluorinated nucleophiles onto (R)-(tert-butanesulphinyl) imines, followed by an intramolecular aza-Michael reaction gave rise to either fluorinated isoindolines or 3-substituted indanones in a stereoselective manner.

chemistry.chemical_classificationAllylic rearrangementNucleophilic additionChemistryOrganic ChemistryBiochemistryMedicinal chemistryInorganic ChemistryCascade reactionNucleophileReagentIntramolecular forceOrganic chemistryStereoselectivityAlkylPhosphorus, Sulfur, and Silicon and the Related Elements
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Anaerobic Palladium-Catalyzed Chemoselective Oxidation of Allylic and Benzylic Alcohols with α-Bromo Sulfoxide as a Co-Oxidant.

2007

A chemoselective palladium-catalyzed anaerobic oxidation of allylic and benzylic alcohols using an α-bromo sulfoxide as a co-oxidant is described for the first time. The catalyst system is simple and has a long life because of the allowance of phosphane ligands under the non-aerobic conditions. The advantages of the described method include no overoxidation of primary alcohols to carboxylic acids because of the mild conditions applied, the tolerance of oxygen-sensitive functionalities such as a carbon-carbon double bond, an organothio group, or a diorganoamino group and the effective preparation of α,β-unsaturated aldehydes and ketones, resulting from the oxidation of primary and secondary …

chemistry.chemical_classificationAllylic rearrangementPrimary (chemistry)Double bondChemistryorganic chemicalsOrganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementHomogeneous catalysisSulfoxideGeneral MedicineSulfurCatalysisCatalysischemistry.chemical_compoundAlcohol oxidationHeck reactionOrganic chemistryPalladiumChemInform
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Total Synthesis of (-)-C/D-cis-De­hydro-3-O-methyl-estradiols

2015

A convergent synthesis of (–)-dehydro-3-O-methyl-C/D-cis-estradiol started from stereochemically defined substituted optically active 3-(2-arylethyl)-γ-butyrolactones. Regioselective bromination of the anisyl moiety, reductive ring opening of the iodolactone, and protecting-group changes led to a Weinreb amide. This then underwent an intramolecular Grignard reaction closing the B-ring to give a tetralone with defined configuration. Introduction of C-11 through an allyl Grignard addition and subsequent ring-closing metathesis gave a tetrahydro phenanthrene derivative. Oxidation of the side-chain alcohol resulted in the key aldehyde group, and a final samarium-diiodide-mediated reductive D-ri…

chemistry.chemical_classificationAnnulation010405 organic chemistryStereochemistryOrganic ChemistryGrignard reactionEnantioselective synthesisConvergent synthesisTotal synthesis010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesAldehyde0104 chemical scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryTetraloneStereoselectivityPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryEuropean Journal of Organic Chemistry
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Dienediolates of unsaturated carboxylic acids in synthesis. Synthesis of cyclohexenones and polycyclic ketones by tandem Michael-Dieckmann decarboxyl…

1994

Abstract Substituted 2-cyclohexenones 4 to 7 and hexaxydronaphthalenones and hexahydroindenones 13 to 18 are prepared by tandem Michael-Dieckmann addition of lithium dienediolates of acyclic and alicyclic unsaturated carboxylic acids to the lithium salts of the same or other unsaturated carboxylic acids.

chemistry.chemical_classificationAnnulationCarboxylic acidOrganic ChemistryBiochemistryCinnamic acidchemistry.chemical_compoundAlicyclic compoundchemistryCascade reactionDrug DiscoveryMichael reactionOrganic chemistryAliphatic compoundEnoneTetrahedron
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Selective access to either a doubly boron-doped tetrabenzopentacene or an oxadiborepin from the same precursor

2019

Depending on the solvent, a brominated arylborane gave the multiple helicene B2-TBPA (pyridine) or the oxadiborepin ODBE (THF) after intramolecular Yamamoto coupling.

chemistry.chemical_classificationAnthraceneReaction mechanism010405 organic chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementGeneral ChemistryElectron acceptor010402 general chemistry01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesChemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographychemistryIntramolecular forceYield (chemistry)PyridineMoietyBoronChemical Science
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Synthesis of bi- and tricyclic β-lactam libraries in aqueous medium

2007

Water as a solvent is not only inexpensive and environmentally benign, but may allow good reactivity. The present work focuses on the application of a modified Ugi reaction, i.e. the Ugi four-centre three-component reaction (U-4C-3CR), in aqueous medium to construct β-lactam libraries. All the attempted reactions could be successfully performed in water. The reaction conditions under which the precipitation process was effective were investigated; no further work-up or purification was necessary. In several cases when less water-soluble β-amino acids were used, the precipitated products were isolated easily by simple filtration. In other cases, evaporation of the solvent was appropriate for…

chemistry.chemical_classificationAqueous mediumBicyclic moleculeIsocyanideRecrystallization (metallurgy)General MedicineCombinatorial chemistryPollutionSolventchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryLactamEnvironmental ChemistryOrganic chemistryUgi reactionTricyclicGreen Chem.
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Solution Properties and Potential Biological Applications of Zwitterionic Poly(ε-N-methacryloyl-l-lysine)

2013

Poly(e-N-methacryloyl-l-lysine) (PMALys) was synthesized by free radical polymerization yielding a zwitterionic polymer with Mw = 721 000 g mol–1. The polymer dissolves in pure water as well as in aqueous salt solution up to 5 M NaClO4 and over wide range of pH values (1.3 ≤ pH ≤ 12.7) as single chains without any sign for aggregate formation. The zwitterionic polymer shows an expanded random coil structure at and close to isoelectric conditions and further expands upon addition of acid and base, respectively. The polymer fulfills four major prerequisites for a promising nano carrier in potential biomedical applications: (1) It is biocompatible, indicated by a low cytotoxicity. (2) It does …

chemistry.chemical_classificationAqueous solutionPolymers and PlasticsChemistryOrganic ChemistryLysineRadical polymerizationPolymerRandom coilInorganic ChemistryIsoelectric pointPolymer chemistryMaterials ChemistryAcid–base reactionCytotoxicityMacromolecules
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Palladium-Catalyzed Reaction of Boronic Acids with Chiral and Racemic ?-Bromo Sulfoxides.

2005

Palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions of racemic α-bromo sulfoxides with boronic acids are carried out in either aqueous or nonaqueous medium with formation of a new C sp3−C sp2 bond. The arylation of chiral α-bromo sulfoxides occurs without racemization. The cross-coupling reaction is general and gives high yields with arylboronic acids substituted with either donor or acceptor groups but gives poor results with heteroarylboronic acids. The best yields are obtained using degassed solvents and CsF instead of aqueous base. The use of aqueous base and the presence of oxygen favor the homocoupling side reaction.

chemistry.chemical_classificationAqueous solutionchemistryBase (chemistry)Side reactionchemistry.chemical_elementOrganic chemistryGeneral MedicineOxygenAcceptorRacemizationPalladiumCatalysisChemInform
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