Search results for "Reference group"

Longitudinal physical activity trajectories from childhood to adulthood and their determinants: The Young Finns Study

2018

Determining lifelong physical activity (PA) trajectories and their determinants is essential to promote a physically active lifestyle throughout the life-course. We aimed to identify PA trajectories from childhood to midlife and their determinants in a longitudinal population-based cohort. This study is a part of the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study. From 1980, a population-based cohort (N = 3596; 1764 boys/1832 girls, age 3-18 years) has been followed up for 31 years. PA indices were formed based on self-reported data (between age 9-49 years) on frequency, duration, and intensity of leisure (during childhood) or high-intensity (at later age) PA and on sports club participation/comp…

The association of breakfast skipping and television viewing at breakfast with weight status among parents of 10-12-year-olds in eight European count…

2014

AbstractObjectiveThe main objective was to assess the relationship of breakfast skipping, television (TV) viewing at breakfast and breakfast without TV with weight status among parents of 10–12-year-olds in eight European countries.DesignA cross-sectional survey assessed breakfast eating and TV viewing at breakfast by three frequency questions and parents were categorized into: (i) breakfast skippers; (ii) breakfast with TV (TV watchers at breakfast); and (iii) breakfast without TV (breakfast eaters who do not watch TV during breakfast). Self-reported weight and height were used to categorize weight status as underweight, normal weight, overweight and obese. Multinomial logistic regression …

Scores on test of gross motor development of children with dysphasia: a pilot study.

2003

The purpose of this preliminary investigation was to assess the gross motor skill and trainability of children with dysphasia using the Test of Gross Motor Development. 27 children from 7 to 12 years ( M = 9.6 yr., SD=1.3) from four different classes in one special school participated. The gross motor skill scores of a sample of children with dysphasia, their trainability of the gross motor skills, and the intrarater reliability of the test were examined. Based on the videotaped performances the intrarater reliability was .93 to .97 for total scores, but lower for individual test items. Mean motor skill scores of these children with dysphasia were interpreted as ‘poor’ relative to those of…

Young Consumers’ Boycotting Profiles in the UK and Finland : A Comparative Analysis

2022

This study uses latent profile analysis to identify boycotting subgroups within Finland and the UK and to explore their potential differences across countries. These subgroups are based on how young British and Finnish consumers assess that reference groups and their personal experiences have influenced their boycotting decisions. This study is based on comparative data obtained from the UK (n = 1,236) and Finland (n = 1,219). We identified four boycotting profiles: unlikely to be influenced, influenced by personal things, likely to be influenced, and moderately likely to be influenced. Our findings are especially relevant to consumer researchers, brands, and companies. peerReviewed

Physical Activity Among Children With Congenital Heart Defects in Germany: A Nationwide Survey

2020

Objective: In children with congenital heart defects (CHD), a sedentary lifestyle should be avoided and usually WHO recommendations on physical activity (PA) are supposed to be followed. In order to obtain representative data of the actual amount of PA (and potential influencing factors) in children with CHD we performed a nationwide online survey.Methods: All patients aged 6–17 years registered in the German National Register for CHD were contacted by email and asked to participate in the survey using the comprehensive questionnaire of the “Motorik-Modul” from the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS), thus allowing the comparison with a repres…

2017

This article is about the issues of self-assessment of inequalities in standards of living in rural areas in Poland. The goal of the research is to identify the differentiation of subjective assessments of the standard of living made by rural households. Subjective feelings of the surveyed households were compared with selected objective characteristics of their material situation. The most representative indicator of the households’ financial situation there was an assumed level of consumer spending. A comparative analysis of the self assessment was conducted, the consumer spending and the selected characteristics of households belonging to various socio-economic groups. The econometric an…

Use of Social Reference Groups in Sport Policy Making

1991

Based on reference group theory the purpose of the present study was to determine how sport political decision-makers acted while making decisions, and which reference groups and backgrounds they selected for supporting their behavior. Furthermore, the aim was to find out how the reference group strategy of decision-makers had changed since the middle of the 1970's (Olin, 1982). A sample of 1788 officials and appointed representatives from 167 cities in Finland were selected for the study. The results indicated that the reference groups and backgrounds the majority of the decision-makers chose as bases for their decision behavior in order of descending importance were: the city officials p…

Referento grupu ietekme uz Latvijas patērētāju uzvedību sociālo mediju viedokļu līderu (influenceru) kontekstā.

2019

Digitālo tehnoloģiju un sociālo tīklu ieviešanas dēļ informācijas apmaiņa sabiedrībā kļuvusi daudz intensīvāka, cilvēkiem ir plašākas iespējas izteikt savu viedokli un ietekmēt citu cilvēku uzvedību, kā rezultātā referento grupu, it īpaši sociālo mediju viedokļu līderu (influenceru), ietekme uz patērētāju palielinās. Līdz ar to Bakalaura darba mērķis ir, pamatojoties uz references grupu ietekmes teorētisko aspektu salīdzinošu izpēti, analizēt un novērtēt referento grupu, it īpaši sociālo tīklu viedokļu līderu (influenceru), ietekmes tendences uz Latvijas Y un Z paaudžu patērētāju uzvedību, piedāvājot Latvijas uzņēmumiem rekomendācijas mārketinga darbības un konkurētspējas uzlabošanai. Bakal…

Populārās Latvijas personas Instagram vietnē kā viedokļa līderi kosmētikas un modes preču segmentā Latvijas patērētāju starpā 2016.-2017. gadā

2018

Maģistra darba mērķis ir izpētīt sociālajā tīklā Instagram populāro Latvijas iedzīvotāju auditorijas izcelsmi un aktivitāti; noteikt, vai sociālajā tīklā Instagram Latvijas ietekmētāji ir bijuši viedokļu līderi Latvijas iedzīvotājiem vecumā no 18 līdz 35 gadiem modes preču segmentā 2016.-2017.gadā; noteikt faktorus, kas ļauj identificēt un izvērtēt sociālo tīklu ietekmētājus kosmētikas līdzekļu un apģērbu jautājumos. Darbā aplūkotās tādas tēmas kā patēriņa kultūra, demonstratīvs patēriņš, etalongrupas, viedokļu līderi, komunikācija no mutes mutē, sociālo tīklu ietekmētāji un to atlases un novērtēšanas paņēmieni. Tika izmantotas trīs pētījuma metodes – kontentanalīze, daļēji strukturētās int…