Search results for "Reference"
showing 10 items of 2491 documents
De la théorie des sous-ensembles flous aux probabilités non-additives : 36 remarques
1992
Depuis l’article initial "Fuzzy Sets", de L.A. Zadeh, en 1965, dans Information and Control, nombreux et variés furent les domaines d’application de la théorie des sous-ensembles flous ( linguistique, intelligence artificielle, biologie.. ). En ce qui concerne la science économique, l’influence de cette nouvelle théorie mathématique - dont on devrait dire qu’elle constitue essentiellement une généralisation au sens d’une "théorie générale” qui acceptecomme cas limite l’approche standard - s’est uniformément répartie par delà les domaines traditionnels de l’analyse micro-économique2 : théorie des préférences, agrégation des préférences, théorie des jeux, théorie de la valeur, recherche opéra…
Convergence rate of a relaxed inertial proximal algorithm for convex minimization
2018
International audience; In a Hilbert space setting, the authors recently introduced a general class of relaxed inertial proximal algorithms that aim to solve monotone inclusions. In this paper, we specialize this study in the case of non-smooth convex minimization problems. We obtain convergence rates for values which have similarities with the results based on the Nesterov accelerated gradient method. The joint adjustment of inertia, relaxation and proximal terms plays a central role. In doing so, we highlight inertial proximal algorithms that converge for general monotone inclusions, and which, in the case of convex minimization, give fast convergence rates of values in the worst case.
GW170814: A Three-Detector Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Black Hole Coalescence
2017
On August 14, 2017 at 10 30:43 UTC, the Advanced Virgo detector and the two Advanced LIGO detectors coherently observed a transient gravitational-wave signal produced by the coalescence of two stellar mass black holes, with a false-alarm rate of 1 in 27 000 years. The signal was observed with a three-detector network matched-filter signal-to-noise ratio of 18. The inferred masses of the initial black holes are 30.5-3.0+5.7M and 25.3-4.2+2.8M (at the 90% credible level). The luminosity distance of the source is 540-210+130 Mpc, corresponding to a redshift of z=0.11-0.04+0.03. A network of three detectors improves the sky localization of the source, reducing the area of the 90% credible regio…
Fatty-acid preference changes during development in Drosophila melanogaster.
2011
WOS:000296521400044; International audience; Fatty-acids (FAs) are required in the diet of many animals throughout their life. However, the mechanisms involved in the perception of and preferences for dietary saturated and unsaturated FAs (SFAs and UFAs, respectively) remain poorly explored, especially in insects. Using the model species Drosophila melanogaster, we measured the responses of wild-type larvae and adults to pure SFAs (14, 16, and 18 carbons) and UFAs (C18 with 1, 2, or 3 double-bonds). Individual and group behavioral tests revealed different preferences in larvae and adults. Larvae preferred UFAs whereas SFAs tended to induce both a strong aversion and a persistent aggregation…
Hemispheric asymmetry in the visual contribution to postural control in healthy adults.
1997
International audience; This study was carried out in order to test the hypothesis of a right hemisphere dominance in the visual control of body balance. Eight healthy adults were subjected to a self-regulated lateral balance task, performed while sitting on a rocking platform. Four visual conditions were tested: open eyes with normal vision, closed eyes in the dark, left visual field-right hemisphere and right visual field-left hemisphere. Head and support displacements in the roll plane were recorded by means of an optoelectronic system. Two main results emerged from this study: (1) head stabilization in space was much more efficient in the left visual field-right hemisphere condition tha…
Localization from inertial data and sporadic position measurements
2020
International audience; A novel estimation strategy for inertial navigation in indoor/outdoor environments is proposed with a specific attention to the sporadic nature of the non-periodic measurements. After introducing the inertial navigation model, we introduce an observer providing an asymptotic estimate of the plant state. We use a hybrid dynamical systems representation for our results, in order to provide an effective, and elegant theoretical framework. The estimation error dynamics with the proposed observer shows a peculiar cascaded interconnection of three subsystems (allowing for intuitive gain tuning), with perturbations occurring either on the jump or on the flow dynamics (depen…
The Pierre Auger Observatory scaler mode for the study of solar activity modulation of galactic cosmic rays
2011
Since data-taking began in January 2004, the Pierre Auger Observatory has been recording the count rates of low energy secondary cosmic ray particles for the self-calibration of the ground detectors of its surface detector array. After correcting for atmospheric effects, modulations of galactic cosmic rays due to solar activity and transient events are observed. Temporal variations related with the activity of the heliosphere can be determined with high accuracy due to the high total count rates. In this study, the available data are presented together with an analysis focused on the observation of Forbush decreases, where a strong correlation with neutron monitor data is found.
CARTOGRAPHY OF AGROCLIMATIC INDICES AT MESOSCALE LEVEL: METHODOLOGY AND CASE STUDY OF BORDEAUX WINEGROWING AREA. Implications on vine development and…
2007
Climate spatial variability knowledge is essential in agronomy and forestry, in order to characterize production potential or to assess pest development risks. In viticulture, climate mainly governs grapevine development rate and berry ripening. The aim of the present work is to characterise climate spatial variability at mesoscale level, using several spatialization techniques at daily time step, applied to climate variables and agroclimatic indices, in order to evaluate its consequences on grapevine development and grape ripening. This study was led in the Bordeaux winegrowing region. Six variables were studied: minimum and maximum temperatures, solar radiation, reference evapotranspirati…
Why farmers consider pesticides the ultimate in crop protection: economic and behavioral insights
2018
International audience; The observed dependence of current crop production on chemical crop protection is largely due to economic and technological factors. High yield and specialized cropping systems require high crop protection levels and pesticides allow achieving such protection levels at reasonable (private) costs. The main aim of this article is to show that behavioral factors may reinforce the effects of these economic and technological factors on farmers considering pesticides the ultimate in crop protection. Choice mechanisms described by K?szegi and Rabin (2007) imply that individual attitudes toward a given risk are endogenous in the sense that they depend on the best available m…
Large-scale distribution of arrival directions of cosmic rays detected above 1018 eV at the Pierre Auger Observatory
2012
A thorough search for large-scale anisotropies in the distribution of arrival directions of cosmic rays detected above 1018 eV at the Pierre Auger Observatory is presented. This search is performed as a function of both declination and right ascension in several energy ranges above 1018 eV, and reported in terms of dipolar and quadrupolar coefficients. Within the systematic uncertainties, no significant deviation from isotropy is revealed. Assuming that any cosmic-ray anisotropy is dominated by dipole and quadrupole moments in this energy range, upper limits on their amplitudes are derived. These upper limits allow us to test the origin of cosmic rays above 1018 eV from stationary Galactic …