Search results for "Resistance"

showing 10 items of 3641 documents

Identification of Candida dubliniensis among oral yeast isolates from an italian population of human immunodeficiency virus-infected (HIV +) subjects

2002

Candida dubliniensis, an emerging oral pathogen, phenotypically resembles Candida albicans so closely that it is easily misidentified as such. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the usefulness of two phenotypic methods, growth at 45 degrees C and 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) reduction, for confirming presumptive identification of C. dubliniensis and C. albicans by colony color on CHROMagar Candida (CAC) medium. A combination of these methods was used to establish the prevalence of oral C. dubliniensis in an Italian population of 45 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected subjects. Twenty-two samples (48.9%) were positive for yeasts on CAC medium producing a total …

AdultMaleMicrobiology (medical)IdentificationSettore MED/07 - Microbiologia E Microbiologia ClinicaAntifungal AgentsImmunologyColony Count MicrobialTetrazolium SaltsHIV InfectionsPolymerase Chain ReactionMicrobiologyCandidiasis OralDrug Resistance FungalSettore MED/28 - Malattie OdontostomatologicheCandida albicansHumansColoring AgentsDNA FungalFluconazoleCandidaMouthTemperatureHIVMiddle AgedCulture MediaOral cavityAgarPhenotypeChromogenic CompoundsItalyCandida dubliniensiDentistry (all)Female
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Androgen excess and cardiovascular risk.

2007

Cardiovascular diseases represent the major cause of death in most of developed countries and ultimately kill as many men as women. Both genders are exposed to the same risk factors but their rates of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality are very different until old age. This represents a crucial point; in fact, only at age 75 and over cardiovascular rates of women approximate those of men. It has been suggested that differences in hormonal status and mainly in androgen levels may explain such gender disparity. Consistently with this hypothesis, it has been shown that women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have elevated cardiovascular risk despite their young age. However, the possib…

AdultMaleMiddle AgedCardiovascular DiseasesRisk FactorsCardiovascular DiseasePrevalenceHumansFemaleAdiponectinAge of OnsetInsulin ResistanceHyperandrogenismAgedPolycystic Ovary SyndromeMinerva endocrinologica
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Low Trough Plasma Concentrations of Nevirapine Associated with Virologic Rebounds in HIV-Infected Patients Who Switched from Protease Inhibitors

2005

BACKGROUND:The substitution of a nonnucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) for protease inhibitors (PIs) has demonstrated its suitability to maintain virologic response. However, the switch from PIs to an NNRTI could fail for a number of reasons, including NNRTI-associated toxicity and emergence of NNRTI-resistant variants.OBJECTIVE:To describe the virologic failures among 74 HIV-infected patients who switched from PIs to nevirapine.METHODS:Virologic failure was defined as any rebound of the plasma HIV-RNA (pVL) levels >1000 copies/mL on one occasion or 2 consecutive intermittent viremia episodes defined as increases of the pVL >20 copies/mL but <1000 copies/mL. Virolog…

AdultMaleNevirapineHIV InfectionsViremiaImmunopathologyDrug Resistance ViralHumansMedicinePharmacology (medical)Protease inhibitor (pharmacology)NevirapineProspective StudiesSidabiologyReverse-transcriptase inhibitorbusiness.industryHIV Protease InhibitorsMiddle AgedViral Loadbiology.organism_classificationmedicine.diseaseVirologyToxicityHIV-1FemaleViral diseasebusinessFollow-Up Studiesmedicine.drugAnnals of Pharmacotherapy
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Phase III Study to Evaluate Temsirolimus Compared With Investigator's Choice Therapy for the Treatment of Relapsed or Refractory Mantle Cell Lymphoma

2009

Purpose Temsirolimus, a specific inhibitor of the mammalian target of rapamycin kinase, has shown clinical activity in mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). We evaluated two dose regimens of temsirolimus in comparison with investigator's choice single-agent therapy in relapsed or refractory disease. Patients and Methods In this multicenter, open-label, phase III study, 162 patients with relapsed or refractory MCL were randomly assigned (1:1:1) to receive one of two temsirolimus regimens: 175 mg weekly for 3 weeks followed by either 75 mg (175/75-mg) or 25 mg (175/25-mg) weekly, or investigator's choice therapy from prospectively approved options. The primary end point was progression-free survival (P…

AdultMaleOncologyCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtyAntineoplastic AgentsKaplan-Meier EstimateLymphoma Mantle-CellDisease-Free SurvivalDrug Administration ScheduleRidaforolimuschemistry.chemical_compoundRefractoryRecurrenceInternal medicinemedicineHumansProspective StudiesProtein Kinase InhibitorsAgedNeoplasm StagingAged 80 and overSirolimusbusiness.industryLymphoma Non-HodgkinTOR Serine-Threonine KinasesMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseTemsirolimusSurgeryFludarabineOncologychemistryDrug Resistance NeoplasmSirolimusRefractory Mantle Cell LymphomaFemaleRituximabMantle cell lymphomabusinessProtein Kinasesmedicine.drugJournal of Clinical Oncology
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Performance of the Medical Research Council (MRC) and the Leukemia Research Foundation (LRF) score in predicting survival benefit with hypomethylatin…

2018

Patients with primary refractory or relapsed-acute myeloid leukemia (RR-AML), particularly older adults, have dismal outcomes and limited therapy options [1]. Given the tolerability of hypomethylat...

AdultMaleOncologyCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtyMyeloidAdolescentendocrine system diseasesmedicine.medical_treatmentHematopoietic stem cell transplantationRisk AssessmentYoung AdultRisk Factorshemic and lymphatic diseasesInternal medicineAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsmedicineHumansTransplantation HomologousneoplasmsSurvival analysisAgedRetrospective StudiesAged 80 and overbusiness.industryHematopoietic Stem Cell TransplantationMyeloid leukemiaHematologyMiddle AgedPrognosismedicine.diseaseSurvival AnalysisTransplantationLeukemia Myeloid AcuteLeukemiaTreatment Outcomemedicine.anatomical_structureOncologyTolerabilityHypomethylating agentDrug Resistance Neoplasmhypomethylating agent acute myeloid leukemia.FemaleNeoplasm Recurrence LocalbusinessLeukemia & Lymphoma
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FOLFIRINOX Bevacizumab Is a Promising Therapy for Chemorefractory Metastatic Colorectal Cancer

2014

<b><i>Purpose:</i></b> Fluoropyrimidines, oxaliplatin, irinotecan and targeted therapies represent the standard treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer. After failure of all these treatments, few options are available. In such chemorefractory patients the effect of triplet chemotherapy with bevacizumab (FOLFIRINOX bevacizumab) has never been investigated. <b><i>Patients and Methods:</i></b> 49 consecutive patients bearing unresectable metastatic colorectal cancer and who experienced failure to oxaliplatin- and irinotecan-based chemotherapy were treated with oxaliplatin (85 mg/m<sup>2</sup>), irinotecan (180 mg/m<sup>2</s…

AdultMaleOncologyCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtyOrganoplatinum CompoundsBevacizumabFOLFIRINOXColorectal cancerLeucovorinSalvage therapyAntibodies Monoclonal HumanizedIrinotecanInternal medicineAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsmedicineHumansProspective StudiesSurvival rateAgedNeoplasm StagingAged 80 and overSalvage Therapybusiness.industryLiver NeoplasmsGeneral MedicineMiddle AgedPrognosismedicine.diseasedigestive system diseasesOxaliplatinBevacizumabOxaliplatinSurvival RateIrinotecanOncologyDrug Resistance NeoplasmFluorouracilCamptothecinFemaleFluorouracilColorectal NeoplasmsbusinessFollow-Up Studiesmedicine.drugOncology
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Belinostat in Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma: Results of the Pivotal Phase II BELIEF (CLN-19) Study

2015

Purpose Peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCLs) represent a diverse group of non-Hodgkin lymphomas with a poor prognosis and no accepted standard of care for patients with relapsed or refractory disease. This study evaluated the efficacy and tolerability of belinostat, a novel histone deacetylase inhibitor, as a single agent in relapsed or refractory PTCL. Patients and Methods Patients with confirmed PTCL who experienced progression after ≥ one prior therapy received belinostat 1,000 mg/m2 as daily 30-minute infusions on days 1 to 5 every 21 days. Central assessment of response used International Working Group criteria. Primary end point was overall response rate. Secondary end points included …

AdultMaleOncologyCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.drug_classAntineoplastic AgentsKaplan-Meier EstimateHydroxamic AcidsDisease-Free SurvivalDrug Administration Schedulechemistry.chemical_compoundRefractoryInternal medicineClinical endpointHumansMedicineInfusions IntravenousAgedAged 80 and overSulfonamidesbusiness.industryHistone deacetylase inhibitorLymphoma T-Cell PeripheralORIGINAL REPORTSMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseLymphomaSurgeryHistone Deacetylase InhibitorsClinical trialTreatment OutcomePrior TherapyOncologyTolerabilitychemistryDrug Resistance NeoplasmFemaleNeoplasm Recurrence LocalbusinessBelinostatJournal of Clinical Oncology
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Overexpression of GLUT-1 is associated with resistance to radiotherapy and adverse prognosis in squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity

2006

This study tested the hypothesis that GLUT-1 is a marker of radioresistance in oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC). A GLUT-1 labeling index (LI) was determined by immunohistochemistry in 40 pretreatment OSCC biopsies. Radiation responses were categorized by histopathology of the resection specimens. Associations between the LI and radiation response, Kaplan-Meier survival estimates and Cox regression analysis for the variables GLUT-1, T-stage, N-stage and chemotherapy were examined. The median LI was 64.2% (range 14-100%). Tumors with65% of GLUT-1+cells were more resistant to radiation (p=0.023). Overall survival was higher (p=0.044) for subjects with low LI (median value) than those with …

AdultMaleOncologyendocrine systemCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtyPathologymedicine.medical_treatmentAntineoplastic AgentsRadiation ToleranceImmunoenzyme TechniquesRadioresistanceInternal medicineBiomarkers TumorHumansMedicineAgedRetrospective StudiesGlucose Transporter Type 1Chemotherapybusiness.industryProportional hazards modelHead and neck cancerMiddle AgedPrognosismedicine.diseaseCombined Modality TherapySurvival AnalysisNeoplasm ProteinsRadiation therapystomatognathic diseasesTreatment OutcomeOncologyEpidermoid carcinomaCarcinoma Squamous CellImmunohistochemistryFemaleMouth NeoplasmsHistopathologyOral Surgerybusinesshormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsOral Oncology
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PML expression in soft tissue sarcoma: Prognostic and predictive value in alkylating agents/antracycline-based first line therapy

2012

Soft tissue sarcomas are aggressive tumors representing <1% of all adult neoplasms. Aim of our study was to evaluate promyelocytic leukemia gene expression value as prognostic factor and as a factor predicting response to alkylating agents/antracycline-based first line therapy. One hundred eleven patients affected by locally advanced and metastatic soft tissue sarcoma were selected. PML expression was evaluated by immunohistochemical analysis in pathological samples and in the corresponding normal tissue from each case. PML immunohistochemical results were correlated with prognosis and with radiological response to alkylating agents/antracycline-based first line therapy. PML expression was …

AdultMaleOncologymedicine.medical_specialtySettore MED/06 - Oncologia MedicaPhysiologyClinical BiochemistryCellDown-RegulationSoft Tissue NeoplasmsPromyelocytic Leukemia ProteinLiposarcomaPleomorphic LiposarcomaYoung AdultPredictive Value of TestsInternal medicinemedicineHumansAnthracyclinesAntineoplastic Agents AlkylatingPathologicalAgedRetrospective StudiesAged 80 and overPMLbusiness.industryTumor Suppressor ProteinsSoft tissue sarcomaNuclear ProteinsSoft tissueSarcomaCell BiologyMiddle AgedPrognosismedicine.diseaseImmunohistochemistrymedicine.anatomical_structuresoft tissue sarcomas; PMLDrug Resistance Neoplasmsoft tissue sarcomaImmunologyImmunohistochemistryFemaleSarcomabusinessTranscription Factors
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Correlates of increased lean muscle mass in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

2009

ObjectiveMuscle mass plays an important role in determining cardiovascular and metabolic risks in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). In addition, whether lean mass influences carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) in PCOS has not been assessed.DesignProspective investigation.MethodsNinety-five women with PCOS were age- and weight-matched to 90 ovulatory controls. All women had dual X-ray absorptiometry for lean, fat and bone mass, and bone mass density (BMD). Serum testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin, insulin, and glucose and carotid IMT were determined. Free androgen index (FAI) and insulin resistance (by QUICKI) were calculated.ResultsIn PCOS, waist circumference and insulin were high…

AdultMaleOvulationmedicine.medical_specialtySettore MED/09 - Medicina InternaBone densityAdolescentEndocrinology Diabetes and Metabolismmedicine.medical_treatmentBiologySettore MED/13 - EndocrinologiaBody Mass IndexYoung AdultEndocrinologyWaist–hip ratioInsulin resistanceAbsorptiometry PhotonInternal medicinemedicineHumansInsulinTestosteroneMuscle SkeletalUltrasonographyPCOS Muscle mass Cardiovascular risk atherosclerosis endotheliumFree androgen indexWaist-Hip RatioInsulinBody Weightnutritional and metabolic diseasesGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaseSettore MED/11 - Malattie Dell'Apparato CardiovascolarePolycystic ovaryEndocrinologyCarotid ArteriesLean body massAndrogensBody CompositionFemaleSettore M-EDF/01 - Metodi E Didattiche Delle Attivita' MotorieBody mass indexPolycystic Ovary SyndromeEuropean journal of endocrinology
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