Search results for "Roca"

showing 10 items of 1893 documents

Influence of preparation conditions of nano-crystalline ceria catalysts on the total oxidation of naphthalene, a model polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon

2007

Abstract Nano-crystalline ceria catalysts prepared by homogeneous precipitation with urea were tested for the total oxidation of naphthalene, a model polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH). Systematic variation of preparation conditions, including calcination temperature, calcination time and aging time, resulted in differences in surface area, reducibility, morphology and crystallite size of the CeO 2 catalyst and hence differences in catalytic performance. A combination of high surface area, small crystallite size and high oxygen defect concentration was found to favor the efficiency of the ceria catalysts for the total oxidation of naphthalene. Optimum preparation conditions for this stud…

chemistry.chemical_classificationProcess Chemistry and TechnologyInorganic chemistryPolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbonHeterogeneous catalysisCatalysisCatalysislaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundHydrocarbonCatalytic oxidationchemistrylawCalcinationCrystalliteGeneral Environmental ScienceNaphthaleneApplied Catalysis B: Environmental
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SiO2-supported vanadium magnesium mixed oxides as selective catalysts for the oxydehydrogenation of short chain alkanes

2001

Abstract Unsupported and SiO 2 -supported VMgO mixed oxides catalysts have been prepared, characterized and tested in the oxidation of propane, n -butane and propylene. Mg-vanadates are observed by XRD, IR and Raman spectroscopy in both pure and supported VMgO catalysts, although the effective Mg/V ratio, in the VMgO phases formed, depends on the silica content. Since SiO 2 reacts partially with MgO during the calcination step, forming Mg 2 SiO 4 , the effective Mg/V ratio depends on the silica content. In this sense, pyro -Mg 2 V 2 O 7 is mainly formed on supported catalysts with Mg/V atomic ratios lower than 4, while ortho -Mg 3 V 2 O 8 is observed on supported catalysts with Mg/V atomic …

chemistry.chemical_classificationProcess Chemistry and TechnologyInorganic chemistryVanadiumchemistry.chemical_elementButaneCatalysisCatalysisPropenechemistry.chemical_compoundHydrocarbonchemistryPropaneAtomic ratioPartial oxidationApplied Catalysis A: General
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Electrochemical study of dinuclear ruthenium(II)—arene compounds: Electrogeneration of Ru(II)—Ru(I) species

1987

Abstract The preparation and characterization of Ru(II)—arene compounds [{RuCl2(p-cym)}2(μ-L-L)] where p-cym = p-MeC6H4CHMe2; and L-L = diphenylphosphinomethane (I), 1,1′-bisdiphenylphosphinoferrocene (II), pyrazine (III) and 4,4′-bipyridine (IV), are described. Electrochemical data for these compounds obtained by cyclic voltammetry and coulometry are reported. The electrochemical reduction of compounds I or II yields ruthenium(O) species. However, compounds III or IV containing ligands with delocalized Π orbitals undergo one-electron reduction. The ESR signal detected during the electrolysis of compounds III or IV is consistent with one delocalized electron through the whole dinuclear unit.

chemistry.chemical_classificationPyrazineInorganic chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementElectrochemistryMedicinal chemistryRutheniumInorganic ChemistryCoulometrychemistry.chemical_compoundDelocalized electronHydrocarbonchemistryMaterials ChemistryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryCyclic voltammetryMetallocenePolyhedron
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UV-B-Induced acute toxicity of pyrene to the waterflea Daphnia magna in natural freshwaters.

1999

Abstract The effects of various water characteristics in natural freshwaters on the acute toxicity of one polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), pyrene, to a pelagic invertebrate Daphnia magna was studied under ultraviolet B (UV-B) radiation and in the dark. Pyrene was photoactivated and was more toxic to D. magna in the presence of UV-B radiation. Dissolved organic material (DOM), measured as dissolved organic carbon (DOC), significantly reduced the photoenhanced toxicity of pyrene. Under UV-B radiation the EC50 values were lower and in relation to the amount of DOM, ranging from 3.0 to 30.0 μg/L pyrene, whereas in the dark they were between 29.2 and 54.8 μg/L and not related to the amount…

chemistry.chemical_classificationPyrenesbiologyDose-Response Relationship DrugUltraviolet RaysHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisDaphnia magnaPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthPolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbonFresh WaterGeneral Medicinebiology.organism_classificationPollutionAcute toxicitychemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryCladoceraDaphniaEnvironmental chemistryDissolved organic carbonToxicityPyreneAnimalsOrganic matterOrganic ChemicalsEcotoxicology and environmental safety
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Diastereodivergent Synthesis of Fluorinated Cyclic β(3)-Amino Acid Derivatives.

2015

The ability of 2-p-tolylbenzyl carbanions to behave as a source of chiral benzylic nucleophiles has been shown in its reaction with fluorinated imines. The process takes place with high levels of stereocontrol, rendering the corresponding amines as single diastereoisomers. Subsequent cross-metathesis followed by intramolecular aza-Michael reaction makes the synthesis of fluorinated homoproline derivatives bearing three stereogenic centers possible. Furthermore, the selectivity of the cyclization process can easily be tuned up in a diastereodivergent manner simply by changing the reaction conditions.

chemistry.chemical_classificationReaction conditionsHydrocarbons FluorinatedMolecular StructureProlineOrganic ChemistryDiastereomerBiochemistryCatalysisAmino acidStereocenterchemistryNucleophileIntramolecular forceOrganic chemistryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAmino AcidsSelectivityCarbanionOrganic letters
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Telechele des methylpropens durch kationische polymerisation

1986

Amorcage par des hydrocarbures aromatiques et aliphatiques contenant des groupes terminaux chlorure d'isopropyle, associes a du trichlorure de bore. Mecanisme. Recyclage du coamorceur et du solvant

chemistry.chemical_classificationReaction mechanismHydrocarbonTelechelic polymerchemistryPolymer chemistryCationic polymerizationGeneral Materials ScienceSolution polymerizationAliphatic compoundBOROAngewandte Makromolekulare Chemie
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Mechanism of Trichloroethene Hydrodehalogenation: A First-Principles Kinetic Monte Carlo Study

2014

A hydrodehalogenation (HDC) reaction of trichloroethene (TCE) has gained a lot of interest due to its possible application in water purification, but the reaction mechanism has been subject to much controversy. In this work, HDC of TCE on Pd(111) was examined by carrying out kinetic Monte Carlo simulations based on DFT-calculated thermodynamic and kinetic parameters. Obtained kMC results show that the HDC follows a so-called direct pathway, which means that, after adsorption on a catalyst, TCE quickly dechlorinates, producing CH–C and then, more slowly, hydrogenates to form hydrocarbon products. This is reflected in the surface coverage snapshots, where intermediates corresponding to the di…

chemistry.chemical_classificationReaction mechanismWork (thermodynamics)ChemistryKinetic energySurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCatalysisGeneral EnergyAdsorptionHydrocarbonMechanism (philosophy)Computational chemistryOrganic chemistryKinetic Monte CarloPhysical and Theoretical Chemistryta116The Journal of Physical Chemistry C
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Oxyfunctionalization of Aliphatic Esters by Methyl(trifluoromethyl)dioxirane

1996

The oxidation of lineal, cyclic, and bicyclic aliphatic p-chlorobenzoic and p-chorobenzenesulfonic acid esters 2 with methyl(trifluoromethyl)dioxirane (TFDO) (1) occurs at positions in the hydrocarbon chain distant from the directing group with a significant degree of selectivity to give the corresponding keto or hydroxy esters. Compounds 2 are relatively deactivated with respect to this oxidation due to the electron-withdrawing nature of the ester moiety. Methylene Cα−H and Cβ−H bonds remain unchanged in all cases, but tertiary Cβ−H bonds undergo oxidation with TFDO (1). Stereoelectronic factors are used to explain the faster reaction rate in competition experiments for the oxidation of en…

chemistry.chemical_classificationReaction ratechemistry.chemical_compoundTrifluoromethylHydrocarbonchemistryDioxiraneBicyclic moleculeOrganic ChemistryMoietyMethyleneSelectivityMedicinal chemistryThe Journal of Organic Chemistry
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Single-pump heart-cutting two-dimensional liquid chromatography applied to the determination of fatty alcohol ethoxylates.

2014

Abstract A setup for heart-cutting bi-dimensional liquid chromatography (LC–LC), constructed with a chromatograph provided with a single pump, an auxiliary 6-port 2-position valve (V 6/2 ) and a column selector valve (V CS ), is described. The possible ways of connecting the two valves for LC–LC, namely with V 6/2 first followed by V CS and vice versa, are compared. The possibility of using the setups for preconcentration followed by the backwards transfer of the preconcentrated solutes to the detector or to a second column is also shown. The V 6/2 -first configuration for LC–LC was applied to the characterization of industrial fatty alcohol ethoxylates (FAEs) using UV–vis detection. For th…

chemistry.chemical_classificationResponse factorChromatographySeries (mathematics)ElutionOrganic ChemistryAnalytical chemistryFatty alcoholWaterGeneral MedicineBiochemistryAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundHydrocarbonchemistryDimension (vector space)Phase (matter)Gradient elutionFatty AlcoholsChromatography LiquidJournal of chromatography. A
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Watching the photo-oxidation of a single aromatic hydrocarbon molecule

2001

International audience; The photooxidation of single dye molecules (see scheme) can be followed by confocal fluorescence microscopy. The self-sensitized reaction with singlet oxygen leads to a suite of products, which may be differentiated spectrally. Tentative structures for certain photoproducts have been obtained from quantum-chemical calculations.

chemistry.chemical_classificationSingle-molecule spectroscopyphotochemistryChemistrySinglet oxygenConfocalGeneral ChemistryPhotochemistryCatalysisFluorescence spectroscopySingle Molecule Spectroscopychemistry.chemical_compoundbiological sciencesFluorescence microscopeMolecule[CHIM]Chemical SciencesPhysics::Chemical PhysicsAromatic hydrocarbonFluorescence spectroscopy
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