Search results for "Row"

Nutrition, obesity and hormones

2018

Obesity is a chronic pathological condition with a multifactorial aetiology, characterised by an excessive body fat accumulation with multiple organ-specific consequences. Emerging evidence highlights that obesity appears to be associated with multiple alterations in the endocrine system. However, the mechanisms underlying the interactions between obesity and this system remain still controversial. This review discusses the impact of obesity on various endocrine systems and, in particular, would provide a general overview on the biochemical changes that may occur in each of these axes in association with obesity.

2017

We have engineered polymer-based microenvironments that promote vasculogenesis both in vitro and in vivo through synergistic integrin-growth factor receptor signalling. Poly(ethyl acrylate) (PEA) triggers spontaneous organization of fibronectin (FN) into nanonetworks which provide availability of critical binding domains. Importantly, the growth factor binding (FNIII12-14) and integrin binding (FNIII9-10) regions are simultaneously available on FN fibrils assembled on PEA. This material platform promotes synergistic integrin/VEGF signalling which is highly effective for vascularization events in vitro with low concentrations of VEGF. VEGF specifically binds to FN fibrils on PEA compared to …

Leukemia-associated activating mutation of Flt3 expands dendritic cells and alters T cell responses

2016

Lau et al. show that the FLT3-ITD mutation directly affects dendritic cell development in preleukemic mice, indirectly modulating T cell homeostasis and supporting the expansion of regulatory T cells.

Immunoistochemical expression of PD-1 and PD-L1 in bone marrow biopsies of patients with acute myeloid leukemia

2020

Background. Haematological and non-haematological malignancies are able to escape the host immune by the capacity to hijack the immune check-points. Several immune check-point molecules are known, such as T cell immunoglobulin mucin-3 (TIM-3), cytotoxic T-cell antigen-4 (CTLA-4), programmed death-1 (PD-1) with its ligand PD-L1 and others.1 The function of these immune check-points is to prevent the damage resulting from an excessive activation of the immune response in the setting of chronic antigenic stimulation, thus leading to autoimmune phenomena, as proved in knock-out mice models. PD-1 is normally present on activated T lymphocytes membrane, acting as a negative costimulatory receptor…

EV-TRACK: transparent reporting and centralizing knowledge in extracellular vesicle research

2017

We argue that the field of extracellular vesicle (EV) biology needs more transparent reporting to facilitate interpretation and replication of experiments. To achieve this, we describe EV-TRACK, a crowdsourcing knowledgebase (http://evtrack.org) that centralizes EV biology and methodology with the goal of stimulating authors, reviewers, editors and funders to put experimental guidelines into practice.

Initiation of Vancomycin Therapy and the First Therapeutic Drug Monitoring

2021

Abstract There have been a limited number of studies in Latvia that were focused on vancomycin therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM), especially during the initiation phase of the therapy. The aim of this study was to investigate details of vancomycin therapy in its initiation phase and to analyse the results of the first therapeutic drug monitoring within a multidisciplinary hospital in Latvia. A retrospective observational study was performed in a multidisciplinary hospital in Latvia. Adult patients hospitalised in an intensive care unit and undergoing vancomycin therapy with at least one concentration measurement were included in this study. Data about patients included demographic and clini…

Anti-proliferative and apoptosis-inducing effect of theabrownin against non-small cell lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells

2016

With the highest cancer incidence rate, lung cancer, especially non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), is the leading cause of cancer death in the world. Tea (leaves of Camellia sinensis) has been widely used as a traditional beverage beneficial to human health, including anti-NSCLC activity. Theabrownin (TB) is one major kind of tea pigment responsible for the beneficial effects of tea liquor. However, its effect on NSCLC is unknown. The aim of the present study was to evaluate anti-proliferative and apoptosis-inducing effect of TB on NSCLC (A549) cells, using MTT assay, morphological observation (DAPI staining), in situ terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) ass…

ODELAY: A Large-scale Method for Multi-parameter Quantification of Yeast Growth

2017

Growth phenotypes of microorganisms are a strong indicator of their underlying genetic fitness and can be segregated into 3 growth regimes: lag-phase, log-phase, and stationary-phase. Each growth phase can reveal different aspects of fitness that are related to various environmental and genetic conditions. High-resolution and quantitative measurements of all 3 phases of growth are generally difficult to obtain. Here we present a detailed method to characterize all 3 growth phases on solid media using an assay called One-cell Doubling Evaluation of Living Arrays of Yeast (ODELAY). ODELAY quantifies growth phenotypes of individual cells growing into colonies on solid media using time-lapse mi…

Role of Ocular Angiogenic Factors in the Development of Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration

2020

Abstract Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a progressive degenerative eye disease. Neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) is the advanced form of AMD characterised by abnormal growth of newly formed blood vessels in chorioidea which typically involves fluid accumulation in the retina or retinal haemorrhage, retinal epithelial detachments, hard exudate or subretinal scars. The process of angiogenesis is controlled by ocular angiogenic factors, which have enabled the development of different treatment options aimed at these factors. This review aims to compile the available information about the most commonly identified ocular angiogenic factors, uncovering their role in …

Continuous Electrical Stimulation Affects Initial Growth and Proliferation of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells

2020

The aim of the study was to establish electrical stimulation parameters in order to improve cell growth and viability of human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSC) when compared to non-stimulated cells in vitro. hADSC were exposed to continuous electrical stimulation with 1.7 V AC/20 Hz. After 24, 72 h and 7 days, cell number, cellular surface coverage and cell proliferation were assessed. In addition, cell cycle analysis was carried out after 3 and 7 days. After 24 h, no significant alterations were observed for stimulated cells. At day 3, stimulated cells showed a 4.5-fold increase in cell numbers, a 2.7-fold increase in cellular surface coverage and a significantly increased proliferation.…