Search results for "Récepteurs"
showing 7 items of 7 documents
New insights into the pharmacology of the short-chain free fatty acid receptors 2 and 3
2011
Metabolic diseases, such as diabetes, dyslipidemia or obesity, are more and more weighing on public health expenses in developed countries. Despite active research, these widespread diseases remain difficult to handle. Promising new therapeutic strategies against metabolic diseases include the development of drugs targeting the free fatty acid receptors, as key players in metabolism homeostasis. In this context, the current PhD thesis focuses on the study of two G protein-coupled receptors, namely the short-chain free fatty acid receptors 2 (FFA2) and 3 (FFA3). First, we investigated the expression of the two receptors of interest in a variety of cell types. Then, in order to study the phar…
Lutter contre les infections bactériennes : le système immunitaire des plantes est aussi très efficace !
2016
SPE IPM UB CNRS Agrosup
Mécanismes de résistance à l'apoptose induite par TRAIL dans les cellules cancéreuses : restauration de la sensibiltié à TRAIL par la chimiothérapie …
2010
The TNF-family member TRAIL (TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand) is a cytokine involved in immune anti-tumour surveillance. TRAIL is one of the most promising agents currently under investigation, as it exhibits efficient anti-cancer cytotoxicity with limited side effects on healthy cells. The problem in current cancer therapy is that some cancer cells are already resistant, or can become resistant to TRAIL-induced cell death. The aim of my thesis was to study the mechanisms of resistance to TRAIL, and to find a way to bypass it. First, we were interested in the TRAIL-R4 antagonistic receptor, which is known to bind TRAIL without inducing a death signal. We have demonstrated for the firs…
Identification et caractérisation du récepteur à la flagelline (VvFLS2) et recherche du récepteur aux chito-oligosaccharides chez la vigne
2014
Pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) play a key role in plant immunity by assuring recognition of microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs), signature of microbial presence. MAMP perception constitutes the first layer of pathogen detection and activates defense mechanisms that aim to block the intruder. This study brings an insight into how grapevine (Vitis vinifera) perceives two MAMPs: the flagellin-derived flg22 peptide and chitin, which are conserved motifs occurring over the whole bacterial and fungal classes, respectively. This study analyzed MAMP-triggered early signaling events, defense gene expression and also the efficiency of elicited defense against gray mold and downy milde…
Human taste receptors : study of structure-function relationships
2019
Sweet, umami and bitter taste detectors are membrane receptors that belong to the family of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). They are characterized by the existence of a hydrophobic transmembrane domain (TMD) and an activation mechanism that involves a heterotrimeric G protein.Human has 25 bitter taste receptors TAS2R. These receptors belong to class A GPCRs. Their architecture consists of a TMD structured in 7 -helix which form the orthosteric binding site of bitter molecules. The umami taste receptor is a heterodimer composed of the TAS1R1 and TAS1R3 subunits, while the TAS1R2 and TAS1R3 subunits form the sweet taste receptor. Each subunits belongs to the class C GPCRs and shares a c…
Structural and enzymatic characterization of a Drosophila melanogaster glutathione transferase overexpressed in the sensory organs after exposure to …
2016
Glutathione transferases (GSTs) are ubiquitous key detoxification enzymes that catalyze the conjugation of glutathione to a large variety of xenobiotic chemical including odorants and sapid molecules. A previous study in Drosophila melanogaster demonstrated the existence of a GST specifically expressed in the antenna and involved in signal termination by catalyzing biotransformation of odorant molecules. Genomic analysis allows identifying forty GSTs in Drosophila melanogaster but their biochemistry is poorly documented. Here we demonstrated that among the GSTs, dmelGSTD2-2 was strongly and preferentially overexpressed in the sensory organs (antennae, proboscis, legs, wings) after an exposu…
Identification of the cell-wall derived xyloglucan as a new damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) eliciting plant immunity in Vitis vinifera and…
2018
Activation of the plant immune responses requires recognition of common pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) by their cognate pattern recognition receptors (PRR). Chitin, a major component of fungal cell walls, is a well-known PAMP that triggers defense responses in several mammal and plant species.In the first part of this study, we show that two chitooligosaccharides, chitin and chitosan, act as PAMPs in grapevine (Vitis vinifera) as they elicit immune signaling events, defense gene expression, and resistance against pathogens. These two PAMPs are active in grapevine suggesting that at least one perception system exists. Phylogenetic analysis clearly distinguished three V. vinifer…