Search results for "SAHA"

La Place de l'Etat en Afrique selon la Banque mondiale : De l'ajustement structurel à l'ajustement social. Les limites d'une politique néo-libérale «…

2007

07003 - 17 p.; Les Documents de travail de l'IREDU 2007/3; Cette contribution a pour objectif d'analyser le changement de discours que porte la Banque mondiale sur la réforme de l'État en Afrique, et ce dans la sphère éducative. Après examen, il ressort que malgré les nouveaux discours de « lutte contre la pauvreté », la politique néo-libérale de la Banque mondiale accorde à l'État une place toujours aussi mineure dans la conception et l'exécution des politiques éducatives. On aurait pu croire à la réalité d'une évolution de la politique d'ajustement structurel stricte vers une politique d'ajustement social où des acquis fondamentaux seraient pris en compte concernant le domaine social. Il …

Possible impacts of volcanic ash emissions of Mount Etna on the primary productivity in the oligotrophic Mediterranean Sea: Results from nutrient-rel…

2013

Atmospheric deposition of volcanic ash has recently been recognized as an important nutrient source into the surface ocean. Mount Etna (Italy), one of the world's most active volcanoes, is located in the oligotrophic Mediterranean Sea (MedSea). Despite the active volcanism on Mount Etna, the biogeochemical impacts of volcanic ash fallouts on the marine primary productivity (MPP) remain largely unknown. Here we present the results of seawater nutrient release experiments with volcanic ash samples from Mount Etna that have been collected during different eruptive episodes between 2001 and 2007. Our results show that volcanic ash from Mount Etna releases significant amounts of fixed-N (35-855 …

Mobile Telephony in Sub-Saharan Africa

2007

A mobile telephone is a telecommunications device that connects its user to a network using a wireless radio wave transmission technology. In some parts of the world, mobile phones are known as cellular phones. Mobile telephones were first introduced in the mid-1980s (Marcussen, 2002; Sadeh & Sadeh, 2002; Sarker & Wells, 2003). Mobile telephony is diffusing globally due to a variety of reasons, including cost advantages in setting up the system compared to landlines, its small-sized nature, portability, and its ability to foster and enhance social relationships, among others (Plant, n.d.; Marcussen, 2002; Sadeh & Sadeh, 2002; Sarker & Wells, 2003; ITU, 2004; Anonymous, 2006)…

El Sáhara y la MPC

2007

Synopsis of Carex (Cyperaceae) from sub-Saharan Africa and Madagascar

2011

This synopsis provides a key, synonymy, lectotypification, habitat descriptions and distributions for the 81 species and six additional infraspecific taxa of Carex known from tropical and southern Africa and Madagascar. It is the first treatment of Carex including all tropical and southern temperate areas in Africa since Kukenthal's monograph of subfamily Caricoideae in 1909. © 2011 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2011, 166, 51–99.

: Evolution of the examination at the end of college in sub-Saharan Africa

2004

The evolution of schooling in the developing systems in sub-Saharan Africa has brought a sizeable new population into the colleges. Unfortunately, the scarcity of resources and the need to pursue development of basic education prevents maintaining this population in the lycees. Thus the examination at the end of college becomes the focus of very stressful management of different currents and finds itself divided about aims which are not easy to reconcile. Original solutions can be found, as is the case in Mauretania, while the combination of better-known solutions may allow this examination to deal with these contradictions.

Climate change engenders a better Early Warning System development across Sub-Saharan Africa: The malaria case

2022

It is expected that diseases are likely to spread to newer areas, and high-income countries may experience some illnesses that may have been restricted to low or middle-income countries. In addition, following the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the present study noted that climate change is likely to have many effects on the spatial and temporal distribution of malaria in many Sub-Saharan African countries. This study examines climate change effects on the geographical distribution of malaria occurrence and how extreme climatic events may perhaps be determining factors in the range of vectors for human diseases in SSA in the nearest future. Here, the study appraisals the symbiot…

The influence of absorbed solar radiation by Saharan dust on hurricane genesis

2015

To date, the radiative impact of dust and the Sahar an air layer (SAL) on North Atlantic hurricane activity is not yet known. According to previous studies, dust stabilizes the atmosphere due to absorption of solar radiation but thus shifts convection to regions more conducive for hurricane genesis. Here we analyze differences in hurricane genesis and frequency from ensemble sensitivity simulations with radiatively active and inactive dust in the aerosol-climate model ECHAM6-HAM. We investigate dust burden and other hurricane-related variables and determine their influence on disturbances which develop into hurricanes (developing disturbances, DDs) and those which do not (nondeveloping dist…

Educational costing and financing in developing countries : focus on Sub-saharan Africa

1984

The paper analyzes issues in the costs and financing of education in developing countries. It focuses primarily on Sub-Saharan Africa, and within that on francophone west africa. After evaluating the educational cost data used in internationale comparisons, the paper focuses on the special situation of African Countries, most of which experience severe financial constraints in their effort to achieve educational goals. It examines the potential for, first, reducing unit costs as a way of increasing enrollment within an existing budget, and second, tapping private resources of financing for education. The overall conclusion is that although the financial prospects are rather bleak in the poo…

French-speaking universities in sub-Saharan Africa

1991

Administrators of French-speaking sub-saharan African universties are faced with a crule dilemna : with the passing years, their dwindling budgets have made it increasingly difficult for them to guarantee the proper functionning of their etablishments ; hence a decline in the level of competence of graduates and in research standards. At the same time, some studies show that unit costs are too high ant that higher education receives an inordinate amount of educational funding. They recommend that the squeeze on university budgets be sustained and tightened.The prmary aim of this article is to provide evidence to support these two seemingly contradictory assessments. It is true that while Fr…