Search results for "SARS-COV-2 infection."

showing 8 items of 18 documents

Multicentre Italian study of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children and adolescents, preliminary data as at 10 April 2020

2020

Data on features of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in children and adolescents are scarce. We report preliminary results of an Italian multicentre study comprising 168 laboratory-confirmed paediatric cases (median: 2.3 years, range: 1 day–17.7 years, 55.9% males), of which 67.9% were hospitalised and 19.6% had comorbidities. Fever was the most common symptom, gastrointestinal manifestations were frequent; two children required intensive care, five had seizures, 49 received experimental treatments and all recovered.

MalePediatricsEpidemiologyProtease InhibitorComorbiditymedicine.disease_causeClinical Laboratory TechniqueSevere Acute Respiratory SyndromeDisease OutbreaksFeces0302 clinical medicineSettore MED/38 - Pediatria Generale E SpecialisticaCOVID-19 TestingRetrospective StudiePandemic030212 general & internal medicineViralChildCoronavirusPediatricDisease OutbreakCoinfectionHospitals PediatricSettore MED/38HospitalsDiarrheaTreatment OutcomeSARS-CoV-2 infection; children; covid-19; hydroxychloroquine; pneumonia; Adolescent; Antiviral Agents; Betacoronavirus; COVID-19; COVID-19 Testing; Child; Child Preschool; Chronic Disease; Clinical Laboratory Techniques; Coinfection; Comorbidity; Coronavirus; Coronavirus Infections; Diarrhea; Disease Outbreaks; Feces; Female; Fever; Hospitals Pediatric; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Infant; Infant Newborn; Italy; Male; Noninvasive Ventilation; Pandemics; Pneumonia Viral; Protease Inhibitors; Retrospective Studies; SARS-CoV-2; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome; Treatment OutcomeItalyChild PreschoolCoinfectionFemalemedicine.symptomCoronavirus InfectionsRapid CommunicationHumanDiarrheamedicine.medical_specialtyCOVID-19; ItalyhydroxychloroquineAdolescentFeverCoronaviruPneumonia ViralAntiviral Agents03 medical and health sciencesBetacoronavirusImmunocompromised Hostchildren030225 pediatricsVirologyIntensive caremedicineHumanspneumoniaProtease InhibitorsPreschoolPandemicsRetrospective StudiesAntiviral Agentchildren; covid-19; hydroxychloroquine; pneumonia; SARS-CoV-2 infection; Adolescent; Antiviral Agents; Betacoronavirus; Child; Child Preschool; Chronic Disease; Clinical Laboratory Techniques; Coinfection; Comorbidity; Coronavirus; Coronavirus Infections; Diarrhea; Disease Outbreaks; Feces; Female; Fever; Hospitals Pediatric; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Infant; Infant Newborn; Italy; Male; Noninvasive Ventilation; Pandemics; Pneumonia Viral; Protease Inhibitors; Retrospective Studies; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome; Treatment OutcomeNoninvasive VentilationBetacoronaviruPandemicbusiness.industryClinical Laboratory TechniquesCoronavirus InfectionSARS-CoV-2pneumonia.SARS-CoV-2 infectionPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthInfant NewbornCOVID-19InfantRetrospective cohort studymedicine.diseaseNewbornComorbidityCoronavirusPneumoniaChronic DiseaseFecebusiness
researchProduct

Structure of the 5′ untranslated region in SARS-CoV-2 genome and its specific recognition by innate immune systemviathe human oligoadenylate synthase…

2022

2′-5′-Oligoadenylate synthetase 1 (OAS1) is one of the key enzymes driving the innate immune system response to SARS-CoV-2 infection whose activity has been related to COVID-19 severity. OAS1 is a sensor of endogenous RNA that triggers the 2′-5′-oligoadenylate/RNase L pathway. Upon SARS-CoV-2 infection, OAS1 is responsible for the recognition of viral RNA and has been shown to possess a particularly high sensitivity for the 5′-untranslated (5′-UTR) RNA region, which is organized in a double-strand stem loop motif (SL1). Here we report the structure of the SL1/OAS1 complex also rationalizing the high affinity for OAS1.

Molecular dynamicSettore CHIM/03 - Chimica Generale E InorganicaSARS-CoV-2 infectionMaterials ChemistryMetals and AlloysCeramics and CompositesRNAGeneral Chemistrybiochemical phenomena metabolism and nutrition2′-5′-Oligoadenylate synthetase 1CatalysisSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsChemical Communications
researchProduct

A Novel System for Semiautomatic Sample Processing in Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia: Increasing Throughput without Impacting on Molecular Monitoring at T…

2021

Molecular testing of the BCR-ABL1 transcript via real-time quantitative-polymerase-chain-reaction is the most sensitive approach for monitoring the response to tyrosine-kinase-inhibitors therapy in chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) patients. Each stage of the molecular procedure has been standardized and optimized, including the total white blood cells (WBCs) and RNA isolation methods. Here, we compare the performance of our current manual protocol to a newly semiautomatic method based on the Biomek i-5 Automated Workstations integrated with the CytoFLEX Flow Cytometer, followed by the automatic QIAsymphony system to facilitate high-throughput processing samples and reduce the hands-on time a…

OncologyMedicine (General)medicine.medical_specialtyBCR-ABL1/ABL1Q-PCRbusiness.industrychronic myeloid leukaemiaSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)SARS-CoV-2 infectionClinical BiochemistrySample processingmolecular responseBCR-ABL1/ABL1ISChronic myeloid leukaemiaArticle<i>BCR-ABL1/ABL1<sup>IS</sup></i>R5-920Real-time polymerase chain reactionInternal medicinehemic and lymphatic diseasesMolecular ProcedureISmedicineRNA extractionbusinessDiagnostics
researchProduct

Epidemiology, Clinical Features and Prognostic Factors of Pediatric SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Results From an Italian Multicenter Study

2021

Background: Many aspects of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children and adolescents remain unclear and optimal treatment is debated. The objective of our study was to investigate epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic characteristics of pediatric SARS-CoV-2 infection, focusing on risk factors for complicated and critical disease.Methods: The present multicenter Italian study was promoted by the Italian Society of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, involving both pediatric hospitals and general pediatricians/family doctors. All subjects under 18 years of age with documented SARS-CoV-2 infection and referred to the coordinating center were enrolled from March 2020.Results: As of 15 September 2020, 75…

Pediatricsmedicine.medical_specialtyCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)MIS-CDisease030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyPediatrics03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinechildren030225 pediatricsEpidemiologymedicinebookOriginal Researchmultisystem inflammatory syndromeMIS-C COVID-19business.industrySARS-CoV-2 infectionDisease progressionlcsh:RJ1-570COVID-19lcsh:PediatricsSettore MED/38Icu admissionCOVID-19; MIS-C; SARS-CoV-2 infection; children; multisystem inflammatory syndromeMulticenter studyPediatrics Perinatology and Child HealthPediatric Infectious Diseasebook.journalbusiness
researchProduct

Evaluation of the Oral Microcirculation in Patients Undergoing Anti COVID-19 Vaccination: A Preliminary Study

2022

Videocapillaroscopy allows the study of both the morphological and architectural structure of the microcirculation and its hemodynamic conditions; these parameters are directly involved in autoimmune and/or inflammatory pathologies. The purpose of this research, based on capillaroscopy, is to establish whether a patient who receives an anti-COVID 19 vaccine has any changes in their oral microcirculation. A complete capillaroscopic mapping of the oral cavity of the subjects examined was made; the investigated mucosa sites were the following: cheek, labial, chewing-gingival and back of the tongue. This study showed an increase in capillary density from the comparison between the mean labial c…

PharmacologyInfectious DiseasesCOVID 19 vaccineSARS-CoV-2 infectionDrug DiscoveryImmunologycapillaroscopymicrocirculationPharmacology (medical)COVID 19 vaccine; SARS-CoV-2 infection; capillaroscopy; microcirculation
researchProduct

Knowledge, Attitudes, Perceptions and Vaccination Acceptance/Hesitancy among the Community Pharmacists of Palermo’s Province, Italy: From Influenza t…

2022

In Italy, following the start of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccination campaign, community pharmacies (CPs) were recruited on a voluntary basis in order to administer COVID-19 vaccines as part of their activities. The aim of the present study was to investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding SARS-CoV-2 infection prevention, and vaccine acceptance/hesitancy towards COVID-19 and influenza vaccinations among the community pharmacists operating in the Palermo Province. A cross-sectional study was conducted, with two different questionnaires administered before and after the conduction of the vaccination campaign against SARS-CoV-2 at the COVID-19 vaccination center of the Palermo Univer…

Pharmacologycommunity pharmacistInfectious DiseasesCOVID-19 vaccinationSARS-CoV-2 infectionhealthcare professionalDrug DiscoveryImmunologyPharmacology (medical)influenza vaccinationvaccine hesitancy.influenza vaccination; COVID-19 vaccination; community pharmacists; KAPs; vaccine hesitancy; healthcare professionals; SARS-CoV-2 infectionVaccines
researchProduct

SARS-CoV-2 infection induces DNA damage, through CHK1 degradation and impaired 53BP1 recruitment, and cellular senescence

2023

AbstractSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the RNA virus responsible for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Although SARS-CoV-2 was reported to alter several cellular pathways, its impact on DNA integrity and the mechanisms involved remain unknown. Here we show that SARS-CoV-2 causes DNA damage and elicits an altered DNA damage response. Mechanistically, SARS-CoV-2 proteins ORF6 and NSP13 cause degradation of the DNA damage response kinase CHK1 through proteasome and autophagy, respectively. CHK1 loss leads to deoxynucleoside triphosphate (dNTP) shortage, causing impaired S-phase progression, DNA damage, pro-inflammatory pathways activation and ce…

SARS-COV-2 infectionCell BiologySettore MED/08 - Anatomia Patologica
researchProduct

Phenotypical and Functional Alteration of &gamma;&delta; T Lymphocytes in COVID-19 Patients: Reversal by Statins

2022

(1) Background: statins have been considered an attractive class of drugs in the pharmacological setting of COVID-19 due to their pleiotropic properties and their use correlates with decreased mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Furthermore, it is well known that statins, which block the mevalonate pathway, affect &gamma;&delta; T lymphocyte activation. As &gamma;&delta; T cells participate in the inflammatory process of COVID-19, we have investigated the therapeutical potential of statins as a tool to inhibit &gamma;&delta; T cell pro-inflammatory activities; (2) Methods: we harvested peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from COVID-19 patients with mild clinical manifestatio…

T-Lymphocyte SubsetsSARS-CoV-2 infectionLeukocytes Mononuclearmevalonate pathwaystatinHumansCOVID-19γδ T cells; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2 infection; statin; mevalonate pathwayReceptors Antigen T-Cell gamma-deltaGeneral MedicineHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitorsγδ T cellsCOVID-19 Drug TreatmentCells; Volume 11; Issue 21; Pages: 3449
researchProduct