Search results for "SINGLE-PHOTON"

showing 10 items of 62 documents

Preliminary radiation hardness tests of single photon Si detectors

2010

Single photon Si detectors were fabricated by STMicroelectronics and fully characterized in standard operation conditions and after irradiations. Both single cells and arrays, of dimensions ranging from 5x5 up to 64x64, were electrically tested. The devices operation was studied as a function of the temperature from -25 degrees C to 65 degrees C varying the voltage over breakdown, from 5% up to 20% of the breakdown voltage before and after irradiation using both light ions, 10 MeV B ions to doses in the range 3x10(7)-5x10(10) cm(-2), and X-rays irradiations in the range 0.5-20 krad(Si). Optical characterization was performed using a laser at 659 nm and opportunely chosen filters to vary the…

Physicsbusiness.industryOptical powerSilicon Photomultiplier single photon avalanche diode dark count gain light ion irradiation X-rays irradiationSilicon photomultiplierOpticsSingle-photon avalanche diodeRadiation damageOptoelectronicsBreakdown voltageIrradiationbusinessRadiation hardeningDark current
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High performance 3D CZT spectro-imager for BNCT-SPECT: preliminary characterization

2018

The National Institute of Nuclear Physics (INFN) is supporting the 3CaTS project with the aim of developing a new Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) system for real time 10 B therapeutic dose monitoring in the binary experimental hadron therapy called Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT). BNCT is a highly selective tumour treatment based on the neutron capture reaction 10 B(n,α) 7 Li. The secondary particles have a high LET with ranges in tissues of the order of 10 μm (thus less than the mean cell diameter of few tens μm). Targeting the 10 B delivery towards cancer, the released energy lethally damages only the malignant cells sparing the normal tissues, thus enabling a cell…

Physicsmedicine.diagnostic_test010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industrySettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleDetectorResolution (electron density)Single-photon emission computed tomography01 natural sciencesSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingCharacterization (materials science)Hadron therapyBoron neutron capture therapy03 medical and health sciencesNeutron captureFull width at half maximum0302 clinical medicineOpticsSingle photon emission computed tomography.0103 physical sciencesmedicineNeutron irradiationbusinessX ray detector2018 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference Proceedings (NSS/MIC)
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Based on Compton Camera

2016

Compton Cameras have been proposed as an alternative to SPECT imaging with Gamma Camera, mainly due to factors such as the electronic collimation, which allows a bigger field of view and provides further information from the acquired events if compared to devices with mechanical collimation. By contrast, this involves a higher amount of data to be processed. In medical devices this leads to waiting times that are generally higher than desirable by the health-care professionals. In this work we have assessed the reconstruction of Compton images by making use of iterative and non-iterative techniques, and also evaluated its performances as a SPECT imaging technique.

Physicsmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONField of view02 engineering and technologyIterative reconstructionSingle-photon emission computed tomography021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural scienceslaw.invention010309 opticslawSpect imaging0103 physical sciencesmedicineMedical imagingComputer visionArtificial intelligence0210 nano-technologyElectronic CollimationbusinessImage resolutionGamma camera2016 Global Medical Engineering Physics Exchanges/Pan American Health Care Exchanges (GMEPE/PAHCE)
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SPET/CT image co-registration in the abdomen with a simple and cost-effective tool

2002

Fusion of morphology and function has been shown to improve diagnostic accuracy in many clinical circumstances. Taking this into account, a number of instruments combining computed tomography (CT) with positron emission tomography (PET) or single-photon emission tomography (SPET) are appearing on the market. The aim of this study was to evaluate a simple and cost-effective approach to generate fusion images of similar quality. For the evaluation of the proposed approach, patients with neuroendocrine abdominal tumours with liver metastases were chosen, since the exact superimposition in the abdomen is more difficult than in other regions. Five hours following the injection of 110 MBq (111)In…

Quality ControlRadiography AbdominalRestraint Physicalmedicine.medical_specialtyImage qualityRadiographySingle-photon emission computed tomographyDigestive System NeoplasmsSensitivity and SpecificityAbdomenHumansMedicineRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingTomography Emission-Computed Single-PhotonImage fusionmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryLiver NeoplasmsSubtractionReproducibility of ResultsGeneral MedicineImage EnhancementNeuroendocrine TumorsPositron emission tomographySubtraction TechniqueTomographyRadiologyTomography X-Ray ComputedbusinessNuclear medicineEmission computed tomographyEuropean Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
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Génération et interfaçage de lumière à photon unique et contrôle de la dynamique atomique ultra-rapide pour l’information quantique

2010

We develop a robust and realistic mechanism for the generation of indistinguishable single-photon (SP) pulses with identical frequency and polarization. They are produced on demand from a coupled double-Raman atom-cavity system driven by a sequence of laser pump pulses. This scheme features a high efficiency, the ability to produce a sequence of narrow-band SP pulses with a delay determined only by the pump repetition rate, and simplicity of the system free from complications such as repumping process and environmental dephasing. We propose and analyze a simple scheme of parametric frequency conversion for optical quantum information in cold atomic ensembles. Its remarkable properties are m…

Quantum beatingsParametric interactionAtomic coherenceFour-wave-mixing processProcessus de mélange à quatre ondesCavity quantum electrodynamics[ PHYS.COND.CM-GEN ] Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Other [cond-mat.other]Single-photon generationCohérence atomiqueSelective excitationElectrodynamique quantique en cavitéExcitation sélective[PHYS.COND.CM-GEN] Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Other [cond-mat.other][PHYS.COND.CM-GEN]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Other [cond-mat.other]Conversion de fréquence quantiqueBattements quantiquesGénération de photons uniquesQuantum frequency conversionInteraction paramétrique
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Effects of an environment on a cavity-quantum-electrodynamics system controlled by bichromatic adiabatic passage

2012

International audience; We present a theoretical investigation of a cavity-QED system controlled by bichromatic adiabatic passage in a dissipative environment. We analyze the production of a controlled Fock state in the cavity by a traveling atom simultaneously coupled by a laser field, and the leakage of the corresponding photons from the cavity.

Quantum decoherencePhotonPhysics::Optics01 natural scienceslaw.invention010309 opticsPHOTON NUMBER STATESFock statelaw0103 physical sciencesPhysics::Atomic Physics010306 general physicsAdiabatic processENTANGLEMENTPhysicsMEMORYCavity quantum electrodynamicsATOMLaserAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsPULSESSINGLE-PHOTONDissipative systemPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsAtomic physicsGENERATION
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A single photon source based on NV centers in diamond nanocrystals

2009

The development of reliable devices to generate single photons is crucial for applications in quantum cryptography, as well as for fundamental quantum optics experiments. Due to their extremely high photostability at room temperature, optically active defects in solids, the so called color centers, are among the most promising candidates. Single NV(nitrogen-vacancy) centers in diamond have been demonstrated to be able to generate single photons and have already shown advantages compared to attenuated laser pulses in a quantum cryptography experiment [1]. The nitrogen-vacancy center (NV center) in diamond consists of a substitutional nitrogen atom and an adjacent vacancy. This complex exhibi…

Quantum opticsMaterials sciencePhotonbusiness.industryDiamondengineering.materialLaserlaw.inventionQuantum cryptographylawSingle-photon sourceengineeringOptoelectronicsPhotonicsbusinessNitrogen-vacancy center
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Ultrafast Carrier Redistribution in Single InAs Quantum Dots Mediated by Wetting-Layer Dynamics

2019

Optical studies of single self-assembled semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) have been a topic of intensive investigation over the past two decades. Due to their solid-state nature, their electronic and optical emission properties are affected by the particular crystal structure as well as many-body-carrier interactions and dynamics. In this work, we use a master equation for microstates (MEM) model to study the carrier capture and escape from single QDs under optical nonresonant excitation and under the influence of a two-dimensional (2D) carrier reservoir (the wetting layer). This model reproduces carrier dynamics from power-dependent and time-resolved microphotoluminescence experiments . Du…

Quantum opticsPhotoluminescenceMaterials sciencebusiness.industryMathematics::Operator AlgebrasQuantum dotsGeneral Physics and AstronomyPhysics::OpticsSingle-photon sourceLaserCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effectlaw.inventionCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceOptical modulatorlawQuantum dotOptoelectronicsSemiconductor quantum dotsPhotonicsbusinessUltrashort pulseWetting layersemiconductor quantum dots master equation for microstates two-dimensional (2D) carrier reservoir carrier dynamics
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Arbitrary Phase Access for Stable Fiber Interferometers

2021

Well-controlled yet practical systems that give access to interference effects are critical for established and new functionalities in ultrafast signal processing, quantum photonics, optical coherence characterization, etc. Optical fiber systems constitute a central platform for such technologies. However, harnessing optical interference in a versatile and stable manner remains technologically costly and challenging. Here, degrees of freedom native to optical fibers, i.e., polarization and frequency, are used to demonstrate an easily deployable technique for the retrieval and stabilization of the relative phase in fiber interferometric systems. The scheme gives access (without intricate dev…

Signal processingPhase (waves)Physics::Opticsquantum photonics01 natural sciencesDegrees of freedom (mechanics)Quantum entanglement010309 opticsOpticsinterferometers0103 physical sciencesAstronomical interferometerddc:530Optical fibersFiber interferometersFiber010306 general physicsOptical reference signalsPhysicsPhotonsUltrafast signal processingInterference effectsbusiness.industryOptical fiber systemsReference signalsSettore ING-INF/02 - Campi ElettromagneticiCondensed Matter PhysicsParticle beamsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsSingle-photon detectorscoherent signal processingDewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physikinterferometers coherent signal processing quantum photonicsbusinessInterferometric systemLaser & Photonics Reviews
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Measurements of Silicon Photomultipliers Responsivity in Continuous Wave Regime

2013

We report on the electrical and optical characterization, in continuous wave regime, of a novel class of silicon photomultipliers fabricated in standard planar technology on a silicon p-type substrate. Responsivity measurements, performed with an incident optical power down to tenths of picowatts, at different reverse bias voltages and on a broad (340–820 nm) spectrum, will be shown and discussed. The device temperature was monitored, allowing us to give a physical interpretation of the measurements. The obtained results demonstrate that such novel silicon photomultipliers are suitable as sensitive power meters for low photon fluxes.

Silicon photonicsMaterials scienceSiliconPhysics::Instrumentation and Detectorsbusiness.industryHybrid silicon laserchemistry.chemical_elementSettore ING-INF/02 - Campi ElettromagneticiOptical powerSubstrate (electronics)Settore ING-INF/01 - ElettronicaElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsResponsivityOpticsSilicon photomultiplierchemistryOptoelectronicsContinuous waveAvalanche photodiode (APD) photodetector responsivity silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD)Electrical and Electronic EngineeringbusinessIEEE Transactions on Electron Devices
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