Search results for "SIRT"
showing 10 items of 86 documents
Clivaggio e shuttling nucleo-citoplasmatico della proteina Sirt1, in cellule di carcinoma mammario MDA-MB231.
2013
Sirt1 è una proteina nota per il suo ruolo di istone deacetilasi NAD+ dipendente che sembra essere coinvolta in una ampia gamma di processi cellulari, quali regolazione genica, controllo dello stato metabolico, meccanismi di sopravvivenza allo stress. Dalla letteratura emergono dati contrastanti concernenti la funzione di Sirt1 nei tumori, le vengono infatti attribuiti ruoli sia di oncogene che di soppressore tumorale, argomento fortemente dibattuto. A conferma di ciò, la localizzazione subcellulare e la funzione di Sirt1 variano nei differenti tipi cellulari (1). E’ anche noto che Sirt1 risulta frequentemente clivata in varie linee cellulari grazie ad attività proteolitiche nucleari (2). Q…
Enhancement of lysine acetylation accelerates wound repair
2013
In physiopathological conditions, such as diabetes, wound healing is significantly compromised and chronic complications, including ulcers, may occur. In a mouse model of skin repair, we recently reported that wound treatment with Sirtuin activators and class I HDAC inhibitors induced keratinocyte proliferation and enhanced healing via a nitric oxide (NO) dependent mechanism. We observed an increase in total protein acetylation in the wound area, as determined by acetylation of α-tubulin and histone H3 Lysine 9. We reasoned that this process activated cell function as well as regulated gene expression to foster tissue repair. We report here that the direct activation of P300/CBP-associated …
Chromatin modifiers and recombination factors promote a telomere fold-back structure, that is lost during replicative senescence.
2020
Telomeres have the ability to adopt a lariat conformation and hence, engage in long and short distance intra-chromosome interactions. Budding yeast telomeres were proposed to fold back into subtelomeric regions, but a robust assay to quantitatively characterize this structure has been lacking. Therefore, it is not well understood how the interactions between telomeres and non-telomeric regions are established and regulated. We employ a telomere chromosome conformation capture (Telo-3C) approach to directly analyze telomere folding and its maintenance in S. cerevisiae. We identify the histone modifiers Sir2, Sin3 and Set2 as critical regulators for telomere folding, which suggests that a dis…
Role of SIRT1 and FOXO factors in eNOS transcriptional activation by resveratrol.
2013
Many of the cardiovascular protective effects of resveratrol are attributable to an enhanced production of nitric oxide (NO) by the endothelial NO synthase (eNOS). Resveratrol has been shown to enhance eNOS gene expression as well as eNOS enzymatic activity. The aim of the present study was to analyze the molecular mechanisms of eNOS transcriptional activation by resveratrol. Treatment of human EA.hy 926 endothelial cells with resveratrol led to a concentration-dependent upregulation of eNOS expression. In luciferase reporter gene assay, resveratrol enhanced the activity of human eNOS promoter fragments (3500, 1600, 633 and 263bp in length, respectively), indicating that the proximal promot…
Novel Insights into the Cellular Localization and Regulation of the Autophagosomal Proteins LC3A, LC3B and LC3C
2020
Macroautophagy is a conserved degradative process for maintaining cellular homeostasis and plays a key role in aging and various human disorders. The microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B light chain 3B (MAP1LC3B or LC3B) is commonly analyzed as a key marker for autophagosomes and as a proxy for autophagic flux. Three paralogues of the LC3 gene exist in humans: LC3A, LC3B and LC3C. The molecular function, regulation and cellular localization of LC3A and LC3C have not been investigated frequently, even if a similar function to that described for LC3B appears likely. Here, we have selectively decapacitated LC3B by three separate strategies in primary human fibroblasts and analyzed the evoked e…
The Access and Benefit-Sharing regime and the preservation of traditional knowledge: benefits for the conservation of biodiversity? A study in Khoman…
2010
Kybertoiminnallisuuden havainnointi Suomen Erillisverkot Oy:ssä
2018
Valokuituverkko siirtyi Puolustusvoimilta Suomen Erillisverkot Oy konsernin hallintaan ja omistukseen liikkeenluovutuksen yhteydessä 1.3.2015. Tämä Pro Gradu tutkielma syntyi liikkeenluovutuksen tuoman turvallisuusnäkökulma-ajattelun vuoksi. Tutkielmassa käsitellään kyberturvallisuuden käsitteiden ja toimijoiden lisäksi Suomen Erillisverkot Oy konsernin työntekijöiden kyberturvallisuuden tietämystasoa Suomen Erillisverkot Oy konsernissa sekä CSIRT-toiminnallisuutta yleisesti. Tutkimuksessa selvitettiin yhtiön henkilöstön toimia ja termien tuntemusta kyberturvallisuuteen liittyen verkkokyselyn avulla. Kyselyn tuloksista voidaan havaita ajankohtaisten haittaohjelmien toimintamallien koulutuks…
Caracterización de los componentes genéticos y ambientales implicados en el envejecimiento de las levaduras vínicas
2012
La mayor parte de la fermentación vínica discurre cuando las células de la levadura Saccharomyces cerevisiae han dejado de dividirse. Así pues, la viabilidad en fase estacionaria, llamada longevidad cronológica (LC), es esencial para que la vinificación se lleve a buen término. En este trabajo de tesis doctoral, se han caracterizado diversos componentes ambientales y genéticos que influyen en la longevidad cronológica de las levaduras vínicas. En cuanto a los componentes ambientales, el incremento de la acidez y la temperatura del medio promueven el envejecimiento. Los polifenoles resveratrol y quercetina y los compuestos de dos carbonos que se producen durante la fermentación, afectan de m…
Superfood for axons: Glial exosomes boost axonal energetics by delivery of SIRT2
2021
Axon integrity depends on support by glia facilitating axonal maintenance and energy homeostasis, but the molecular mechanisms are not well understood. In this issue of Neuron, Chamberlain et al. (2021) provide evidence that oligodendrocyte-to-axon transfer of SIRT2 via extracellular vesicles (exosomes) enables deacetylation of mitochondrial proteins, enhancing axonal energy production.
Sirtuin-6-dependent genetic and epigenetic alterations are associated with poor clinical outcome in hepatocellular carcinoma patients
2013
Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) is a member of the sirtuin family of NAD+–dependent deacetylases. Genetic deletion of Sirt6 in mice results in a severe degenerative phenotype with impaired liver function and premature death. The role of SIRT6 in development and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma is currently unknown. We first investigated SIRT6 expression in 153 primary human liver cancers and in normal and cirrhotic livers using microarray analysis. SIRT6 was significantly down-regulated in both cirrhotic livers and cancer. A Sirt6 knockout (KO) gene expression signature was generated from primary hepatoctyes isolated from 3-week-old Sirt6-deficient animals. Sirt6-deficient hepatocytes showed up-re…