Search results for "SIZE"
showing 10 items of 2718 documents
Traits and phylogenies modulate the environmental responses of wood-inhabiting fungal communities across spatial scales
2022
Identifying the spatial scales at which community assembly processes operate is fundamental for gaining a mechanistic understanding of the drivers shaping ecological communities. In this study, we examined whether and how traits and phylogenetic relationships structure fungal community assembly across spatial scales. We applied joint species distribution modelling to a European-scale dataset on 215 wood-inhabiting fungal species, which includes data on traits, phylogeny and environmental variables measured at the local (log-level) and regional (site-level) scales. At the local scale, wood-inhabiting fungal communities were mostly structured by deadwood decay stage, and the trait and phyloge…
Microstructures in shells of the freshwater gastropod Viviparus viviparus: a potential sensor for temperature change?
2013
Abstract Mollusk shells contain a plethora of information on past climate variability. However, only a limited toolkit is currently available to reconstruct such data from the shells. The environmental data of some proxies (e.g. Sr/Ca ratios) is obscured by physiological effects, whereas other proxies, such as δ 18 O, simultaneously provide information on two or more different environmental variables. The present study investigates whether microstructures of the freshwater gastropod Viviparus viviparus provide an alternative means to reconstruct past water temperature. Cold and highly variable temperature regimes resulted in the precipitation of highly unordered first-order lamellae of simp…
<strong>First record of the plant bug genus <em>Euchilofulvius</em> from Myanmar (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Miridae: Cylapinae), with…
2015
The cylapine plant bug genus Euchilofulvius was proposed by Poppius (1909) to accommodate a single Indonesian species, E. tibialis Poppius from Mentawai Islands. Several subsequent works have fragmentally added six valid species (Gorczyca, 2006, 2008; Poppius, 1913; Schuh, 1995, 2002–2014 online catalog; Yasunaga & Miyamoto, 2006; Yasunaga et al., 2012), and currently, the following seven members are known mainly from the Oriental Region: E. antennatus Gorczyca, 1999 (Sulawesi); E. carinatus (Poppius, 1913) (India, Sri Lanka); E. josifovi Gorczyca, 2008 (Malaya); E. lepidopterus Yasunaga & Miyamoto, 2012 (Okinawa, Japan); E. pallescens Gorczyca, 2002 (Solomon Islands); E. tibialis Poppius, …
Life in the ice lane: the winter ecology of stream salmonids
2007
Despite the common view that conditions in winter strongly influence survival and population size of fish, the ecology of salmonids has not been as extensively studied in winter as in other seasons. In this paper, we review the latest studies on salmonid winter survival, habitat use, movement and biotic interactions as they relate to the prevailing physical and habitat conditions in rivers and streams. The majority of research conducted on the winter ecology of salmonids has been carried out in small rivers and streams, where temperatures are above zero and where there is no ice. Investigations in large rivers, regulated and dredged rivers, and under conditions of different ice formations a…
Density‐dependent influence of male characters on mate‐locating efficiency and pairing success in the waterlouse Asellus aquaticus: an experimental s…
2005
Population density is likely to determine the form of competition in which males are engaged for access to females. At low density, scramble competition should be of paramount importance because of the low probability of encounter between males and females. Consequently, sexual selection should favour characters that allow rapid detection of females. Conversely, at high population density, sexual selection should favour attributes that raise the fighting ability of males because of the more frequent contacts between males. These general predictions were tested in this study for the precopulatory mate-guarding isopod, Asellus aquaticus. In this species, male-biased sexual dimorphisms are rep…
<p><strong>Typification of the name <em>Galatella sorrentinoi </em>(Asteraceae)</strong></p>
2020
Tripolium sorrentinoi (Todaro 1858: 42) Raimondo & Greuter (2005: 59) (Asteraceae) is a species endemic to Sicily. In this island, it grows on badlands in the Palermo, Enna, Caltanissetta, and Agrigento Provinces, between the coast and the hinterland mountains. Its phytogeographical interest is remarkable because it occurs in selective habitats, where it is often the sole phanerogamic inhabitant. Due to its small population size and to a continuing decline of mature individuals, T. sorrentinoi was assessed as “Vulnerable” (VU) according to the IUCN criteria (Domina & Troia 2016).
Stomatal anatomy coordinates leaf size with Rubisco kinetics in the Balearic Limonium
2019
Abstract Trait integration arises through both selection on functional coordination and shared developmental pathways. Different anatomical components must both work well and develop together to generate individuals with the appropriate physiology to survive and reproduce in their environment. In this study, we used a common garden experiment and Bayesian multilevel models to test whether stomatal anatomy coordinates leaf gas exchange, Rubisco kinetics, and leaf size across 10 closely related species of Limonium from the Balearic Islands. The results indicate that the anatomical determinants of maximum stomatal conductance, stomatal density and size, were functionally coordinated with Rubis…
Ultrastructure and freeze-fracture studies of the thylakoids ofMantoniella squamata (Prasinophyceae)
1988
The ultrastructure and the supramolecular organization of the thylakoids of the small green flagellate,Mantoniella squamata, were examined in thin sections and freeze-fracture preparations. The whole chloroplast is tightly packed with thylakoids, which show a pattern of meandering, branching and/or anastomosing membranes. In freeze-fracture preparations only two fracture-faces can be distinguished: the PF- and the EF-face. The PF-face has a much higher particle density than the EF-face (PF: 4086 particles/μm2; EF: 865 particles/μm2). The EF-face is not as uniform as the PF-face. The areas which are packed with particles probably correspond to closely appressed thylakoid regions or adhesive …
Potential ATPase mimics by polyammonium macrocycles: Criteria for catalytic activity
1992
Abstract A series of polyammonium macrocycles, ranging in size from the 18-membered ring [18]aneN6 to the 36-membered [36]aneN12 were examined as potential ATPase mimics. The rates of hydrolysis of ATP were followed at pH 3.0 and 7.0 using 31P NMR and HPLC techniques. Stability constants as a function of degree of protonation, distribution curves for the ligands as a function of pH, and distribution curves for the mixed species of nucleotides, inorganic phosphate, and macrocycle were also determined. All of the macrocycles catalyzed the hydrolysis of ATP to some extent compared to noncatalyzed hydrolysis. A critical dependence on macrocyclic ring size was observed, with [21]aneN7 being the …
Grape pulp, grape pips and their mixture: Novel substrates or supports for solid state fermentation
1997
Grape marc, comprising of grape pulp and grape pips, is generated in high quantities during ethanol production, but has no significant commercial value. The components of the grape marc, individually or in combination, can serve as substrate or support in solid state fermentation. The potential benefits of sieved fractions (800-3150 µm particle size) was, therefore, evaluated using Trichoderma viride, with or whithout enrichment. Based on sorption isotherm profiles, grape pulp showed the best performance, though its ability to promote biomass formation was the lowest. The latter could be improved by enrichment with glucose. It, thus, offers potential as a reusable support. Grape pips promot…