Search results for "SIZE"
showing 10 items of 2718 documents
Comparing indirect methods of digit ratio (2D:4D) measurement.
2008
The ratio of the lengths of the second and fourth finger (2D:4D) has been proposed to index prenatal exposure to androgens. Different methods have been utilized to measure digit ratio, however, their measurement precision and economy have not been systematically compared yet. Using different indirect methods (plastic ruler, caliper, computer software), three independent raters measured finger lengths of 60 participants. Generally, measurement precision (intraclass correlation coefficient, technical error of measurement, and relative technical error of measurement) was acceptable for each method. However, precision estimates were highest for the computer software, indicating excellent measur…
A novel technique for intraduodenal administration of drug suspensions/solutions with concurrent pH monitoring applied to ibuprofen formulations
2019
Characterization of dissolution of solid suspended drug particles in vivo is important for developing biopredictive in vitro tests. Therefore, methods to gain deeper insights into particle dissolution in vivo are needed. The soft Bioperm intubation method, a well established tool for investigation of permeability, absorption, metabolism, and drug interactions at predefined locations in the gastroinstinal tract, was modified. The novel intubation method involved pump-controlled infusion of pharmaceutical suspensions as well as simultaneous pH monitoring. This technique was used in a proof of concept study in healthy humans. Plasma sampling and non-compartmental analysis allowed comparison of…
Assessment of modifications in thickness, curvatures, and volume upon the cornea caused by disposable soft contact lens wear.
2015
Purpose To assess the effect of different disposable soft contact lenses on several corneal parameters–-thickness, anterior and posterior curvature, and volume–-by means of a Scheimpflug imaging-based device (Pentacam HR). Diurnal variations of these parameters were taken into account. Methods Twenty-one young, healthy subjects wore 4 different types of daily disposable soft contact lenses on 4 different days: Dailies AquaComfort Plus, SofLens, Dailies Total1, and Acuvue TruEye. The lenses had different material and water content. Pachymetry and curvature maps and corneal volume values were obtained using the Pentacam HR twice a day: one before putting the lens on and one after an 8-hour pe…
Object size modulates fronto-parietal activity during reaching movements
2014
In both monkeys and humans, reaching-related sensorimotor transformations involve the activation of a wide fronto-parietal network. Recent neurophysiological evidence suggests that some components of this network host not only neurons encoding the direction of arm reaching movements, but also neurons whose involvement is modulated by the intrinsic features of an object (e.g. size and shape). To date, it has yet to be investigated whether a similar modulation is evident in the human reaching-related areas. To fill this gap, we asked participants to reach towards either a small or a large object while kinematic and electroencephalographic signals were recorded. Behavioral results showed that …
Comparability of two different polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis methods for the classification of LDL pattern type
2011
Abstract Background The measurement of small dense low-density lipoprotein (sdLDL) particles is relevant when assessing cardiovascular risk. However, there is as yet no referenced method for the determination of LDL subfractions or a standardized comparison of the methods currently available. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the pattern of LDL particles measured by polyacrylamide tube gel electrophoresis (PTGE) and polyacrylamide gradient gel electrophoresis (PGGE) and to correlate the results with triglyceride concentration. Materials and methods Serum samples were collected from 177 patients. Lipid profile and LDL particle size were assessed using PTGE and PGGE. Results Pea…
The main trends in the palaeodemography of the 7th-18th century population of Latvia
2006
The study represents palaeodemographic research of osteological material of 3304 individuals from the funds of the Anthropological Laboratory of the Institute of History of the University of Latvia in Riga, dating from the 7 th to the 18 th century AD. Compensated life expectancy at birth is varying between 20.3 and 22.2 years during the research period. Crude mortality has changed between 49.3 and 45 %o. In the early period (7 th - 13 th century) there is a significant male prevalence (2.2 - 1.4); female life expectancy at the age of 20 is on average 6.6 years less than for males. This difference decreases to 5.4 years in the 13 th - 18 th century. According to historical demography, femal…
Adrenal morphology and function in acromegalic patients in relation to disease activity.
2009
Visceromegaly is a common consequence of acromegaly. However, few studies investigated the chronic effects of growth hormone on adrenal glands. Our aim was to evaluate adrenal morphology and function in a cohort of acromegalic patients in relation to disease activity. Twenty-six acromegalics (10 males and 16 females) and 21 healthy subjects were investigated. Gland morphology was evaluated by computerized axial tomography, measuring central, lateral, and medial adrenal segments. Uncontrolled acromegalics showed increased volume of all adrenal segments, higher urinary free cortisol (UFC), and lower morning adrenocorticotropic hormone in comparison with healthy subjects. However, normal corti…
Influence of automatic word reading on motor control.
1998
We investigated the possible influence of automatic word reading on processes of visuo-motor transformation. Six subjects were required to reach and grasp a rod on whose visible face the word 'long' or 'short' was printed. Word reading was not explicitly required. In order to induce subjects to visually analyse the object trial by trial, object position and size were randomly varied during the experimental session. The kinematics of the reaching component was affected by word presentation. Peak acceleration, peak velocity, and peak deceleration of arm were higher for the word 'long' with respect to the word 'short'. That is, during the initial movement phase subjects automatically associate…
Light distortion of soft multifocal contact lenses with different pupil size and shape
2020
Purpose: To study the light distortion effects of soft multifocal contact lenses and the influence of different pupil size and shape.Methods: A total of 14 eyes of 7 healthy contact lens users (mean age 28.6 +/- 8.5 years) were recruited. The "Light Disturbance Analyser" device was employed for light characterization. The selected lenses were the monthly disposable "Biofinity multifocal" (CooperVision, CA, USA), both centre-distance and centre-near designs (addition power + 2.50 D). Two circular pupils of 3 mm and 5 mm of diameter, and an elliptical shape (3 horizontal and 5 vertical mm) were used. Metrics such as the light distortion index (LDI), best-fit circle radius and its irregularity…
Do bone geometric properties of the proximal femoral diaphysis reflect loading history, muscle properties, or body dimensions?
2019
Abstract Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate activity‐induced effects from bone geometric properties of the proximal femur in athletic vs nonathletic healthy females by statistically controlling for variation in body size, lower limb isometric, and dynamic muscle strength, and cross‐sectional area of Musculus gluteus maximus. Methods: The material consists of hip and proximal thigh magnetic resonance images of Finnish female athletes (N = 91) engaged in either high jump, triple jump, soccer, squash, powerlifting, endurance running or swimming, and a group of physically active nonathletic women (N = 20). Cross‐sectional bone geometric properties were calculated for the lesse…