Search results for "SPECTRA"

showing 10 items of 3542 documents

Optimal recovery of a radiating source with multiple frequencies along one line

2020

We study an inverse problem where an unknown radiating source is observed with collimated detectors along a single line and the medium has a known attenuation. The research is motivated by applications in SPECT and beam hardening. If measurements are carried out with frequencies ranging in an open set, we show that the source density is uniquely determined by these measurements up to averaging over levelsets of the integrated attenuation. This leads to a generalized Laplace transform. We also discuss some numerical approaches and demonstrate the results with several examples.

attenuated Radon transformMultispectralRAYUniqueness theorem01 natural sciencesinversio-ongelmat44A10 (Primary) 65R32 44A60 46N40 65Z05 (Secondary)030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging0302 clinical medicine111 MathematicsDiscrete Mathematics and CombinatoricstietokonetomografiaPharmacology (medical)INVERSIONnuclear medicineBeam hardeningPhysicsLaplace transformDetectorNumerical Analysis (math.NA)Inverse problemuniqueness theoremFunctional Analysis (math.FA)Mathematics - Functional AnalysisMultiplicative system theoremkuvantaminensovellettu matematiikkaModeling and SimulationSPECTLine (geometry)numeerinen analyysipositroniemissiotomografiaemission computed tomographyAttenuated Radon transformEmission computed tomographyControl and OptimizationLaplace transformmultispectralOpen setCollimated light03 medical and health sciencesnuclear medicine.multiplicative system theoremFOS: Mathematicsinverse source problemMathematics - Numerical Analysis0101 mathematicsAttenuation010102 general mathematicsInverse source problemRangingComputational physicsTENSOR TOMOGRAPHYPETbeam hardeningNuclear MedicineAnalysis
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Modelling the effect of nuclear motion on the attosecond time-resolved photoelectron spectra of ethylene

2014

arXiv:1403.5408

attosecond pump probeAttosecondFOS: Physical sciencesElectronmedicine.disease_cause01 natural sciencesSpectral lineSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della Materianuclear motionTDDFTPhysics - Chemical Physics0103 physical sciencesmedicinePhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersMoleculePhysics - Atomic and Molecular ClustersPhysics::Chemical Physics010306 general physicsPhysicsChemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)010304 chemical physicsTRPESTime-dependent density functional theoryCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and Optics3. Good healthExtreme ultravioletFemtosecondAtomic physicsAtomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)Ultraviolet
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Neutrinos below 100 TeV from the southern sky employing refined veto techniques to IceCube data

2020

Many Galactic sources of gamma rays, such as supernova remnants, are expected to produce neutrinos with a typical energy cutoff well below 100 TeV. For the IceCube Neutrino Observatory located at the South Pole, the southern sky, containing the inner part of the Galactic plane and the Galactic Center, is a particularly challenging region at these energies, because of the large background of atmospheric muons. In this paper, we present recent advancements in data selection strategies for track-like muon neutrino events with energies below 100 TeV from the southern sky. The strategies utilize the outer detector regions as veto and features of the signal pattern to reduce the background of atm…

background [atmosphere]Physics::Instrumentation and Detectorsmedia_common.quotation_subjectAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenapoleFOS: Physical sciences01 natural sciencesHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentIceCube Neutrino ObservatoryIceCubecharged currentHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)Neutrinos; Point sources; Veto techniquesSEARCHTRACK RECONSTRUCTION0103 physical sciencessupernovaMuon neutrinoatmosphere [muon]Neutrinos010303 astronomy & astrophysicsAstrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysicsmedia_commonHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)Physicsneutrino muonMuon010308 nuclear & particles physicsICEGalactic CenterHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyVeto techniquesAstronomyPoint sourcesAstronomy and Astrophysicsflux [neutrino]Galactic planeobservatorySupernovaPhysics and AstronomySkyenergy [neutrino]gamma rayddc:540spectralHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentgalaxyNeutrinoAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
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Spectral shapes of forbidden argon β decays as background component for rare-event searches

2018

The spectral shape of the electrons from the two first-forbidden unique ${\beta }^{-}$ decays of 39Ar and 42Ar were calculated for the first time to the next-to-leading order. Especially the spectral shape of the 39Ar decay can be used to characterize this background component for dark matter searches based on argon. Alternatively, due to the low thresholds of these experiments, the spectral shape can be investigated over a wide energy range with high statistics and thus allow a sensitive comparison with the theoretical predictions, in particular at low electron energies where the shape of the computed β spectrum has a slight dependence on the value of the weak axial-vector coupling constan…

background componentforbidden argon β decayrare-event searchesspectral shapes
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Latest results from CUPID-0

2022

International audience; CUPID-0 is a pilot experiment in scintillating cryogenic calorimetry for the search of neutrino-less double beta decay. 26 ZnSe crystals were operated continuously in the first project phase (March 2017 - December 2018), demonstrating unprecedented low levels of background in the region of interest at the Q-value of $^{82}\rm{Se}$. From this successful experience comes a demonstration of full alpha to beta/gamma background separation, the most stringent limits on the $^{82}\rm{Se}$ neutrino-less double beta decay, as well as the most precise measurement of the $^{82}$Se half-life. After a detector upgrade, CUPID-0 began its second and last phase (June 2019 - February…

backgroundSettore FIS/04scintillation counter cryogenicstutkimuslaitteetdouble-beta decay[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]hiukkasfysiikkaBayesiandecay modescrystalilmaisimetdetector upgrade[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]spectralground stateydinfysiikkacalorimeter cryogenicsCUPID-0 Double beta decay cryogenic calorimeters scintillation exotic decay modes
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Microscopic calculation of the $\beta^-$ decays of $^{151}$Sm, $^{171}$Tm, and $^{210}$Pb with implications to detection of the cosmic neutrino backg…

2023

The electron spectral shapes corresponding to the low-$Q$ $\beta^-$-decay transitions $^{151}$Sm$(5/2^-_{\rm g.s.})\to\,^{151}\textrm{Eu}(5/2^+_{\rm g.s.})$, $^{151}$Sm$(5/2^-_{\rm g.s.})\to\,^{151}\textrm{Eu}(7/2^+_{1})$, $^{171}$Tm$(1/2^+_{\rm g.s.})\to\,^{171}\textrm{Yb}(1/2^-_{\rm g.s.})$, $^{171}$Tm$(1/2^+_{\rm g.s.})\to\,^{171}\textrm{Yb}(3/2^-_{1})$, $^{210}\textrm{Pb}(0^+_{\rm g.s.})\to\,^{210}\textrm{Bi}(1^-_{\rm g.s.})$, and $^{210}\textrm{Pb}(0^+_{\rm g.s.})\to\,^{210}\textrm{Bi}(0^-_{1})$ have been computed using beta-decay theory with several refinements for these first-forbidden nonunique (ff-nu) $\beta^-$ transitions. These ff-nu $\beta^-$ transitions have non-trivial electro…

beta spectral shapesNuclear and High Energy Physicsxi-approximationIBFM-2Nuclear Theoryshell modelfirst-forbidden nonunique beta transitionsneutriinotFOS: Physical sciencesNuclear Theory (nucl-th)cosmic neutrino backgroundkosminen taustasäteilyydinfysiikkaPTOLEMY
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Electrochemical and Spectroelectrochemical Properties of Free-Base Pyridyl- and N -Alkyl-4-Pyridylporphyrins in Nonaqueous Media

2015

International audience; Twelve structurally related pyridyl and meso-N-methylpyridylporphyrin derivatives are investigated electrochemically in different nonaqueous media. The UV/Vis spectrum of each newly investigated porphyrin was measured before and after electro-reduction and, based on this data, the site of electron transfer is proposed. An interaction occurs between the meso-pyridyl or meso-N-alkyl-4-pyridyl substituents and the porphyrin p-ring system, the magnitude of which depends upon the number of linked pyridyl or N-alkyl-4-pyridyl groups in the compound, the solvent, the supporting electrolyte, and/or other anions added to the solution.

bindingSupporting electrolyteInorganic chemistrycationic porphyrinreductiondnanElectrochemistryporphyrinsdimethylformamide[ CHIM ] Chemical SciencesCatalysischemistry.chemical_compoundElectron transferPolymer chemistry[CHIM]Chemical SciencesAlkylchemistry.chemical_classificationnonaqueous mediacomplex-formationChemistryn-dimethylformamidespectral characterizationaggregationFree basespectroelectrochemistryPorphyrinSolventinteracting centerspotentialselectrochemistry
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Chemical constituents from Phlomis bovei Noë and their chemotaxonomic significance

2020

Abstract A phytochemical investigation of the leaves and roots of Phlomis bovei Noe (Lamiaceae) led to the isolation of sixteen compounds, including iridoids (1, 2, 3), megastigmanes (4, 5), phenylpropanoids (6, 7, 8, 9, 10), lignans (11, 12, 13, 14), a nortriterpene (15), and a phenyl glucoside (16). Compounds (1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 10) were obtained from the leaves and compounds (1, 2, 3, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16) were isolated from the roots. Compounds 1 and 2 were found both in the leaves and in roots. The compounds were identified by analysis of 1D- (1H, 13C), 2D-NMR (1H–1H COSY, TOCSY, ROESY, HSQC, HMBC) spectroscopic data, mass spectrometry (ESI- and HR-ESI-MS), and by comparison wit…

biology010405 organic chemistryStereochemistrybiology.organism_classification01 natural sciencesBiochemistry0104 chemical sciences010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistryMegastigmaneschemistry.chemical_compoundPhlomisPhytochemicalGlucosidechemistryChemical constituentsLamiaceaeSpectral dataEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsPhlomis boveiBiochemical Systematics and Ecology
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Charge Transfer Transitions in Neutral and Ionic Polypeptides:  A Theoretical Study

2001

We report on the vertical electronic excitation spectra of neutral polypeptides and their radical ions. Model systems including tri-, tetra-, and octamers in an α-helix and β-sheet alike conformation are studied by various computational methods. The results allow us to assign the band centered at about 7.5 eV in the absoption spectra of proteins to charge transfer states. The calculations also support conclusions from recent experiments which propose charge transfer as a possible mechanism for photoinduced electron transfer in polypeptide cations.

biologyChemistryExcitation spectraIonic bondingCharge (physics)biology.organism_classificationPhotoinduced electron transferSpectral lineSurfaces Coatings and FilmsIonChemical physicsMaterials ChemistryTetraPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsThe Journal of Physical Chemistry B
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Norisoprenoids from Centaurea aspera and C. salmantica

1993

Abstract From aerial parts of Centaurea aspera var. subinermis a new homoderivative of the grasshopper ketone has been isolated. Its structure was deter

biologyChemistryPlant ScienceGeneral MedicineHorticulturebiology.organism_classificationNorisoprenoidsBiochemistryTerpenoidGrasshopper ketoneCentaureaCentaurea asperaBotanySpectral analysisDehydrovomifoliolMolecular BiologyPhytochemistry
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