Search results for "STIMULATION"
showing 10 items of 2192 documents
Extra-tympanic electrocochleography in a normal population. A descriptive study.
2015
Abstract Introduction and objectives Extra-tympanic electrocochleography is an electrophysiological register obtained after stimulating the cochlea with an audible stimulus. This stimulus is applied using an earphone over the external auditory canal, while the electrical activity is registered by surface electrodes. There are few studies that analyse normal electrocochleography in our environment. Thus, the main objective of our study was to regularise the values obtained with electrocochleography in ears without any otoneurological diseases. We explain in detail the process of obtaining the register. Methods Sixty healthy ears were studied by extratympanic electrocochleography. Statistical…
Age dependent changes of distractibility and reorienting of attention revisited: an event-related potential study.
2012
Adults of three age groups (18-27, 39-45, and 59-66 years) performed an auditory duration discrimination task with short (200 ms) or long (400 ms) sinusoidal tones. Performance was highly accurate and reaction times were on the same level in all groups, indicating no differences in auditory duration processing. Task irrelevant rare changes of the frequency of the stimuli were introduced to check whether the subjects, firstly, were distracted by changes in the environment while focusing on the task relevant information (indicated by prolonged responses), and, secondly, could re-focus on the relevant task after distraction. The results show that a distraction effect is present in all groups. …
Effects of joint angle and age on ankle dorsi- and plantar-flexor strength.
2007
This study aimed at examining the effects of joint angle and age on the maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) torque, for the agonist and antagonist muscle groups around the ankle, i.e., the dorsi- and plantar-flexors. To this aim, neural and muscular factors were investigated in two groups of healthy men: 11 young (mean age, 24 years) and 18 older (mean age, 78 years). Plantar-flexion (PF) and dorsiflexion (DF) isometric MVC torques were measured in three different ankle joint angles and surface electromyographic activities of the triceps surae and of the tibialis anterior muscles were recorded. The main findings were that the DF-to-PF MVC torque ratio varied with joint angle and age, indica…
Torsional eye movement responses to monaural and binaural galvanic vestibular stimulation: side-to-side asymmetries.
2003
Vestibular stimulation by head accelerations always involves multisensory activation of the vestibular, somatosensory, and visual systems. Over the past few years, galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) has become increasingly popular for testing vestibular function for clinical and research purposes. Although GVS provides a nonphysiological stimulation, it is more selective than natural head accelerations and is thus an attractive tool for such tests. Eye movement responses elicited by GVS mainly consist of torsional and horizontal components, as first described by Hitzig in 1871. Animal experiments have shown that GVS increases the vestibular afferent spike frequency at the cathodal site a…
Hybrid Functional Electrical Stimulation Exercise Training Alters the Relationship Between Spinal Cord Injury Level and Aerobic Capacity
2014
Objective To test the hypothesis that hybrid functional electrical stimulation (FES) row training would improve aerobic capacity but that it would remain strongly linked to level of spinal cord lesion because of limited maximal ventilation. Design Longitudinal before–after trial of 6 months of FES row training. Setting Exercise for persons with disabilities program in a hospitaL. Participants Volunteers (N=14; age range, 21–63y) with complete spinal cord injury (SCI) (T3-11) who are >2 years postinjury. Intervention Six months of FES row training preceded by a variable period of FES strength training. Main Outcome Measures Peak aerobic capacity and peak exercise ventilation before and after…
Clinical Predictors of Response to Magnetic Seizure Therapy in Depression
2019
Objectives Magnetic seizure therapy (MST) is a novel convulsive brain stimulation method in clinical testing, which is used as an alternative for electroconvulsive therapy in patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Preliminary studies have suggested that MST leads to fewer cognitive adverse effects than electroconvulsive therapy but has similar efficacy. However, the clinical predictors of response to MST have not been evaluated yet. This study aimed to investigate whether these predictors can be identified in patients with TRD. Methods Thirty-eight patients with TRD were included. As clinical predictors for treatment response, we used the diagnosis, sex, age, family history, an…
Effects of magnetic seizure therapy on anterograde and retrograde amnesia in treatment‐resistant depression
2019
Background Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is the gold standard for treatment-resistant depression (TRD). However, cognitive side effects, mainly anterograde and retrograde amnesia, frequently occur. Magnetic seizure therapy (MST) is tested using more focal seizure induction. However, the suggestion MST may be more beneficial than ECT because it causes fewer amnesia have not yet been comprehensively investigated using common neuropsychological testing specifically for ECT. We aimed to examine whether MST causes anterograde and retrograde amnesia. Methods Ten patients with TRD were treated with MST (8.9 [2] treatments) at 100% machine output, a frequency of 100 Hz and 657.4 (62) pulses per t…
Endothelium-dependent component in the contractile responses of human omental arteries to adrenergic stimulation
1993
Abstract The present study was designed to investigate the influence of endothelium-derived nitric oxide on the contractile responses of isolated human omental arteries to electrical field stimulation and noradrenaline. We measured isometric tension in artery rings obtained from portions of human omentum during the course of abdominal operations (32 patients). Electrical field stimulation induced frequency-dependent contractions which were abolished by tetrodotoxin (10−6 M) and prazosin (10−6 M), thus indicating that this effect was due to noradrenaline released from adrenergic nerves acting on α1-adrenoceptors. The increases in tension induced by electrical field stimulation were of greate…
Central motor conduction time by magnetic stimulation of the cortex and peripheral nerve conduction follow-up studies in Friedreich's ataxia.
1998
A follow-up clinical study, peripheral motor and sensory nerve conduction velocities and central motor conduction by magnetic stimulation of the cortex were performed in 13 patients with classical Friedreich's ataxia (FA) phenotype, for a period of 9-12 years. Clinical worsening was unrelated to peripheral nerve abnormalities. The amplitude of the nerve action potentials and delayed conduction velocity remained unchanged for several years. Central motor conduction times were abnormal in all patients. Clinical conditions worsened significantly between successive examinations with significant increments in threshold and significant decrement of the amplitude of motor evoked potentials. The re…
Surgical Back Risk Syndrome and Spinal Cord Stimulation: Better Safe Than Sorry.
2019
Background Recurrent and chronic low back pain, caused by degenerative lumbar spondylosis, commonly affects elderly patients, even those with no previous low back surgery. These patients, like those affected by failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS), may become unresponsive to medical conservative treatment and their quality of life could be easily compromised. Moreover, general comorbidities, obesity, and other typical conditions of the elderly may make surgery under general anesthesia riskier than the natural history of the disease. These patients could be considered affected by surgical back risk syndrome (SBRS). Methods In this article, we report our preliminary observational prospective s…