Search results for "STRESS"
showing 10 items of 6278 documents
In vitro effects of vitamins C and E, n-3 and n-6 PUFA and n-9 MUFA on placental cell function and redox status in type 1 diabetic pregnant women.
2016
IF 2.972; International audience; The aim of this investigation was to determine the in vitro effects of vitamin C and E, n-3 and n-6 PUFA and n-9 MUFA on placental cell proliferation and function in type 1 diabetes. Placenta tissues were collected from 30 control healthy and 30 type 1 diabetic women at delivery. Placental cells were isolated and were cultured in RPMI medium supplemented with vitamin C (50 μM), vitamin E (50 μM), n-3 PUFA (100 μM), n-6 PUFA (100 μM) or n-9 MUFA (100 μM). Cell proliferation, cell glucose uptake and intracellular oxidative status were investigated. Our results showed that basal placental cell proliferation, glucose uptake, malondialdehyde (MDA) and carbonyl p…
Pinolenic acid ameliorates oleic acid-induced lipogenesis and oxidative stress via AMPK/SIRT1 signaling pathway in HepG2 cells
2019
Pinolenic acid (PLA), a natural compound isolated from pine nut oil, has been reported to exert bioactivity against lipid anabolism. Nonetheless, the underlying mechanisms still poorly elucidated. The aim of this study is to comprehensively demonstrate the effects of PLA on oleic acid (OA)-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and their relationship with the lipid metabolic regulation. The results demonstrated that treatment with PLA dramatically inhibited lipid accumulation, oxidative stress as well as inflammatory responses induced by oleic acid in HepG2 cells. PLA also obviously decreased the levels of cellular triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), malondialdehyde (MDA),…
Dietary phytochemicals in the protection against oxysterol-induced damage.
2017
The intake of fruits and vegetables is associated with reduced incidence of many chronic diseases. These foods contain phytochemicals that often possess antioxidant and free radical scavenging capacity and show anti-inflammatory action, which are also the basis of other bioactivities and health benefits, such as anticancer, anti-aging, and protective action for cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, obesity and neurodegenerative disorders. Many factors can be included in the etiopathogenesis of all of these multifactorial diseases that involve oxidative stress, inflammation and/or cell death processes, oxysterols, i.e. cholesterol oxidation products (COPs) as well as phytosterol oxidat…
The Antioxidant Therapy: New Insights in the Treatment of Hypertension
2018
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) play a key role in the regulation of the physiological and pathological signaling within the vasculature. In physiological conditions, a delicate balance between oxidants and antioxidants protects cells from the detrimental effects of ROS/RNS. Indeed, the imbalance between ROS/RNS production and antioxidant defense mechanisms leads to oxidative and nitrosative stress within the cell. These processes promote the vascular damage observed in chronic conditions, such as hypertension. The strong implication of ROS/RNS in the etiology of hypertension suggest that antioxidants could be effective in the treatment of this pathology. I…
Physiological Levels of Nitric Oxide Diminish Mitochondrial Superoxide. Potential Role of Mitochondrial Dinitrosyl Iron Complexes and Nitrosothiols.
2017
Mitochondria are the major source of superoxide radicals and superoxide overproduction contributes to cardiovascular diseases and metabolic disorders. Endothelial dysfunction and diminished nitric oxide levels are early steps in the development of these pathological conditions. It is known that physiological production of nitric oxide reduces oxidative stress and inflammation, however, the precise mechanism of “antioxidant” effect of nitric oxide is not clear. In this work we tested the hypothesis that physiological levels of nitric oxide diminish mitochondrial superoxide production without inhibition of mitochondrial respiration. In order to test this hypothesis we analyzed effect of low p…
Peripheral artery disease, redox signaling, oxidative stress – Basic and clinical aspects
2017
Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS, e.g. H2O2, nitric oxide) confer redox regulation of essential cellular signaling pathways such as cell differentiation, proliferation, migration and apoptosis. At higher concentrations, ROS and RNS lead to oxidative stress and oxidative damage of biomolecules (e.g. via formation of peroxynitrite, fenton chemistry). Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is characterized by severe ischemic conditions in the periphery leading to intermittent claudication and critical limb ischemia (end stage). It is well known that redox biology and oxidative stress play an important role in this setting. We here discuss the major pathways of oxidative stress and re…
Protective Effect of Cactus Cladode Extracts on Peroxisomal Functions in Microglial BV-2 Cells Activated by Different Lipopolysaccharides
2017
International audience; In this study, we aimed to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of Opuntia ficus-indica cactus cladode extracts in microglia BV-2 cells. Inflammation associated with microglia activation in neuronal injury can be achieved by LPS exposure. Using four different structurally and biologically well-characterized LPS serotypes, we revealed a structure-related differential effect of LPS on fatty acid β-oxidation and antioxidant enzymes in peroxisomes: Escherichia coli-LPS decreased ACOX1 activity while Salmonella minnesota-LPS reduced only catalase activity. Different cactus cladode extracts showed an antioxidant effect through microglial catalase activ…
MiRNome of epileptic children suggests the involvement of antioxidant pathways in the neuroprotective role of ketogenic diet
2018
Ketogenic diet (KD) has been used as treatment for refractory epilepsy in children since the 1920s. However, the neuroprotective mechanism of this diet is still unknown. Recent evidence points to a multifactorial effect of KD that involves a decrease of oxidative stress. Mononuclear cells from 14 children with refractory epilepsy, from the Paediatric Hospital “Nino Jesus” in Madrid, were obtained before and after treatment with a ketogenic diet for 6 months. A global analysis of miRNA expression (miRNome) indicates that there are 230 miRNAs which are expressed differently before and after the treatment with KD. If additionally, we restrict the miRNAs with a fold change > |1.3|we obtain 11 r…
Effect of Jasonia glutinosa on immune and oxidative status of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.).
2020
Jasonia glutinosa (rock-tea, RT) has numerous biological activities. In the present work, the beneficial effects of dietary RT on gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.) were studied. Fish fed experimental diets containing 0 (control), 10 or 30% of RT for 15 and 30 days. Samples from skin mucus, blood, head kidney, liver and gut were obtained at 15 and 30 days. The antioxidant properties from RT were analysed such as the antioxidant capacity and phenolic content. The heat shock protein 70 level (HSP70) and the total oxidized proteins were evaluated on skin mucus as stress markers. Immune parameters, both humoral (peroxidase activity, immunoglobulin M levels and complement activity) and cellula…
Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity of polyphenolic extracts from Lactuca sativa (var. Maravilla de Verano ) under different farming methods
2016
BACKGROUND Besides their nutritional value, vegetables are a source of health-promoting compounds, such as polyphenols, and their content can be influenced by the particular farming method. In this study polyphenolic extracts from Lactuca sativa (var. Maravilla de verano) plants cultivated with different farming methods were chemically characterised and tested in vitro and ex vivo inflammation models. RESULTS The tested extacts (250–2.5 µg mL−1) were able to reduce both the inflammatory and oxidative stress in LPS-stimulated J774A.1 murine monocyte macrophage cells, by lowering the release of nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) and promoting nuclear translocation of nuclear …