Search results for "SULFATE"

showing 10 items of 657 documents

Urinaryp-cresol is elevated in young French children with autism spectrum disorder: a replication study

2014

The aromatic compound p-cresol (4-methylphenol) has been found elevated in the urines of Italian autistic children up to 8 years of age. The present study aims at replicating these initial findings in an ethnically distinct sample and at extending them by measuring also the three components of urinary p-cresol, namely p-cresylsulfate, p-cresylglucuronate and free p-cresol. Total urinary p-cresol, p-cresylsulfate and p-cresylglucuronate were significantly elevated in 33 French autism spectrum disorder (ASD) cases compared with 33 sex- and age-matched controls (p < 0.05). This increase was limited to ASD children aged ≤8 years (p < 0.01), and not older (p = 0.17). Urinary levels of p-cresol a…

Pervasive developmental disordersMalePathologyHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisClinical BiochemistryBiochemistryClinical biochemistryCresolsorganic contaminants; neurotoxicity; Gut flora; pervasive developmental disorders; p-cresylsulfateUrinary levelsneurotoxicityChildSettore BIO/12P-cresylsulfateSettore MED/39 - Neuropsichiatria InfantileGut flora neurotoxicity organic contaminants p-cresylsulfate pervasive developmental disordersHealthAutism spectrum disorderChild Preschoolp-cresylsulfateBiomarker (medicine)FemaleFrancemedicine.medical_specialtyChild Development DisordersAdolescentUrinary systemGlucuronatesSulfuric Acid EstersOrganic contaminantsGut flora; Neurotoxicity; Organic contaminants; p-cresylsulfate; Pervasive developmental disorders; Adolescent; Case-Control Studies; Child; Child Development Disorders; Pervasive; Child; Preschool; Cresols; Female; France; Glucuronates; Humans; Male; Sulfuric Acid Esters; Biochemistry; Clinical Biochemistry; Health; Toxicology and MutagenesisInternal medicineparasitic diseasesNeurotoxicitymedicineHumansToxicology and MutagenesisPreschoolSettore BIO/10 - BIOCHIMICAPervasiveGut florabusiness.industryCase-control studypervasive developmental disordersmedicine.diseaseChild Development Disorders PervasiveCase-Control StudiesAutismorganic contaminantsGut flora; Neurotoxicity; Organic contaminants; p-cresylsulfate; Pervasive developmental disorders; Adolescent; Case-Control Studies; Child; Child Development Disorders Pervasive; Child Preschool; Cresols; Female; France; Glucuronates; Humans; Male; Sulfuric Acid Esters; Biochemistry; Clinical Biochemistry; Health Toxicology and MutagenesisbusinessBiomarkers
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�ber das Verhalten und Reaktionsverm�gen von glatter Muskulatur und Herzmuskulatur in chloridfreiem Medium (Methylsulfat-Tyrode-L�sung)

1961

Um die Bedeutung der Chlorid-Ionen fur die Funktion von glatter Muskulatur und Herzgewebe zu untersuchen, wurden die Chlorid-Ionen der Tyrodelosung durch die einwertigen, nicht permeierenden und indifferenten Methylsulfat-Ionen ersetzt. Die Versuche wurden am Meerschweinchen-Ileum, Kaninchen-Duodenum, Ratten-Uterus, spontan schlagenden Vorhof des Meerschweinchens und am Froschherz nach Straub durchgefuhrt. Keines der genannten Organe reagierte beim Uberfuhren in chloridfreies Medium oder bei stundenlangem Aufenthalt in Methylsulfat-Tyrodelosung mit einer wesentlichen Funktionsanderung. Wahrend die Herzmuskulatur in chloridfreiem Milieu unverandert auf positiv oder negativ inotrop wirksame S…

PharmacologyChemistryPharmacology toxicologyTyrode solutionmedicineGeneral MedicineMethyl SulfateMedicinal chemistryChlorideFree mediummedicine.drugNaunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archiv f�r Experimentelle Pathologie und Pharmakologie
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Purification of a nuclease from human serum.

1981

The purification procedure for a nuclease from human serum is described. It includes ammonium sulfate precipitation, chromatography on DEAE-Sephadex and on Sephacryl-S 200, and preparative electrophoresis. The enzyme, purified about 2000-fold, is homogeneous in a sodium dodecyl sulfate electrophoretic system, where it has a mol. wt of 78,000. The pH optimum lies around pH 6.5; it is a sugar-nonspecific endonuclease.

Pharmacologychemistry.chemical_classificationNucleaseChromatographyDeoxyribonucleasesbiologyCell BiologyCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceElectrophoresischemistry.chemical_compoundEndonucleaseKineticsEnzymechemistrybiology.proteinMolecular MedicineHumansAmmoniumSodium dodecyl sulfateSulfateMolecular BiologyAmmonium sulfate precipitationExperientia
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Dielectric barrier discharge at the triglycine sulfate crystal surface: the role of the electric field of the domain structure

2014

Dielectric barrier discharges (DBD) at the triglycine sulfate crystal surface, generated in air under controlled gas pressure, have been investigated. Electrical characterization of these DBD discharges, produced at temperatures below as well as above the ferroelectric phase transition, are presented. The influence of the electric field of the domain structure on these DBD discharges are discussed in the frame of a model which takes into account the dynamics of the domain structure of the ferroelectric barrier under the action of an external voltage.

Phase transitionAcoustics and UltrasonicsCondensed matter physicsChemistryAnalytical chemistryDielectric barrier dischargeDielectricCondensed Matter PhysicsFerroelectricityTriglycine sulfateSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCrystalchemistry.chemical_compoundElectric fieldVoltageJournal of Physics D: Applied Physics
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Distribution of rare earth elements in marine sediments from the Strait of Sicily (western Mediterranean Sea): Evidence of phosphogypsum waste contam…

2010

Concentrations of rare earth elements (REE), Y, Th and Sc were recently determined in marine sediments collected using a box corer along two onshore–offshore transects located in the Strait of Sicily (Mediterranean Sea). The REE + Y were enriched in offshore fine-grained sediments where clay minerals are abundant, whereas the REE + Y contents were lower in onshore coarse-grained sediments with high carbonate fractions. Considering this distribution trend, the onshore sediments in front of the southwestern Sicilian coast represent an anomaly with high REE + Y concentrations (mean value 163.4 lg g 1) associated to high Th concentrations (mean value 7.9 lg g 1). Plot of shale-normalized REE + …

Phosphogypsum contaminationGeologic SedimentsPhosphogypsumFractionationAquatic ScienceOceanographyCalcium SulfateMarine sedimentschemistry.chemical_compoundMediterranean seaMediterranean SeaSeawaterTransectRare earth elementsRare earth elements Marine sediments Phosphogypsum contamination Strait of SicilyPhosphorusPollutionlanguage.human_languageSettore GEO/08 - Geochimica E VulcanologiaStrait of SicilyOceanographychemistrylanguageBox corerCarbonateMetals Rare EarthClay mineralsSicilianWater Pollutants ChemicalGeologyEnvironmental MonitoringMarine Pollution Bulletin
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Properties of baculovirus particles displaying GFP analyzed by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy.

2003

Abstract Recombinant baculovirus particles displaying green fluorescent protein (GFP) fused to the major envelope glycoprotein gp64 of the Autographa californica multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) were characterized by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS). FCS detected Brownian motion of single, intact recombinant baculovirus display particles with a diffusion coefficient (D) of (2.89±0.74)10 8 cm2s 1 and an apparent hydrodynamic radius of 83.35±21.22 nm. In the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), Triton X-100, and octylglucoside, the diffusion time was reduced to the 0.2 ms range (D = 7.5710 7 cm2s 1), showing that the fusion proteins were anchored in the viral envelope…

PhotochemistryvirusesClinical BiochemistryDetergentsGreen Fluorescent ProteinsFluorescence correlation spectroscopySpodopteraBiochemistryGreen fluorescent proteinDiffusionchemistry.chemical_compoundViral envelopeAnimalsSodium dodecyl sulfateMolecular BiologybiologyChemistryViral membranebiology.organism_classificationFluorescenceFusion proteinMolecular biologyMolecular WeightAutographa californicaLuminescent ProteinsSpectrometry FluorescenceElectrophoresis Polyacrylamide GelIndicators and ReagentsBaculoviridaeViral Fusion ProteinsAlgorithmsBiological chemistry
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Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide-Dependent and Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide-Independent Lactate Dehydrogenases in Homofermentative and Heterofe…

1971

Three homofermentative ( Lactobacillus plantarum B38, L. plantarum B33, Pediococcus pentosaceus B30) and three heterofermentative ( Leuconostoc mesenteroides 39, L. oenos B70, Lactobacillus brevis ) lactic acid bacteria were examined for the presence or absence of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)-dependent and NAD-independent d - and l -lactate dehydrogenases. Two of the six strains investigated, P. pentosaceus and L. oenos , did not exhibit an NAD-independent enzyme activity capable of reducing dichlorophenol indophenol. The p H optima of the lactic dehydrogenases were determined. The NAD-dependent enzymes from homofermentative strains exhibited optima at p H 7.8 to 8.8, whereas va…

Physiology and MetabolismNicotinamide adenine dinucleotideMicrobiologychemistry.chemical_compoundSpecies SpecificityLactobacillusChemical PrecipitationLeuconostocPediococcusProtaminesMolecular BiologyCell-Free SystemL-Lactate DehydrogenasebiologySulfatesLactobacillus brevisfood and beveragesStereoisomerismHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationNADbiology.organism_classificationCulture MediaLactic acidLactobacillusIndophenolBiochemistrychemistryAmmonium SulfateSpectrophotometryFermentationLactatesPediococcusNAD+ kinaseLeuconostocLactobacillus plantarumJournal of Bacteriology
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Neutralization of interleukin-18 reduces severity in murine colitis and intestinal IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha production.

2001

Interleukin (IL)-18, initially described as interferon (IFN)-gamma-inducing factor, is expressed in the inflamed mucosa of patients with Crohn's disease. To investigate the role of IL-18 in intestinal inflammation, the effect of neutralizing antimurine IL-18 antiserum in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice was examined. During a dose response of DSS, levels of colonic IL-18 increased parallel with clinical worsening. With the use of confocal laser microscopy, the increased IL-18 was localized to the intestinal epithelial layer. Anti-IL-18 treatment resulted in a dose-dependent reduction of the severity of colitis in both BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice. Colon sho…

PhysiologyColonmedicine.medical_treatmentInflammationIn Vitro TechniquesSeverity of Illness IndexInterferon-gammaMiceSpecies SpecificityInterferonPhysiology (medical)medicineAnimalsInterferon gammaColitisIntestinal MucosaMice Inbred BALB CDose-Response Relationship Drugbusiness.industryTumor Necrosis Factor-alphaImmune SeraDextran SulfateInterleukin-18Interleukinmedicine.diseaseColitisInterleukin-12digestive system diseasesMice Inbred C57BLDisease Models AnimalCytokineImmunologyInterleukin 12Leukocytes MononuclearInterleukin 18Femalemedicine.symptombusinessInjections Intraperitonealmedicine.drugAmerican journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology
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Protective effect of apocynin in a mouse model of chemically-induced colitis.

2013

Apocynin, a constituent of Picrorhiza kurroa, successfully inhibits NADPH oxidase and shows promise as an anti-inflammatory drug. Now, we report anti-inflammatory effects of apocynin in an experimental colitis model induced by dextran sulfate sodium as well as the effects on the mediators involved in this process. Apocynin reduced the colitis induced in mice by administration of 5 % dextran sulfate sodium during 7 days. Mice were fed a control diet or a diet supplemented with 2 % of apocynin or 2 % of rutin. Sulfasalazine (50 mg/kg, p. o.) was used as a positive control. Treatment with apocynin and rutin ameliorated the course of colonic inflammation with results similar to those of the ref…

Picrorhiza kurroaRutinAnti-Inflammatory AgentsPharmaceutical ScienceNitric Oxide Synthase Type IIPharmacologyInflammatory bowel diseaseAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundRutinMiceDrug DiscoveryPicrorhizaNADPH oxidasebiologyDextran SulfateColitisBiochemistrycardiovascular systemMolecular Medicinecirculatory and respiratory physiologymedicine.druginorganic chemicalsSTAT3 Transcription FactorColonNitric OxideDinoprostoneNitric oxideSulfasalazinemedicineAnimalscardiovascular diseasesColitisPharmacologyCyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitorsbusiness.industryPlant ExtractsOrganic ChemistryTranscription Factor RelAAcetophenonesmedicine.diseaseSulfasalazineDisease Models AnimalchemistryComplementary and alternative medicineCyclooxygenase 2Apocyninbiology.proteinbusinessPhytotherapyPlanta medica
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A Theoretical Study of the Wet Removal of Atmospheric Pollutants. Part II: The Uptake and Redistribution Of (NH4)2SO4Particles and SO2Gas Simultaneou…

1987

Abstract A theoretical model has been formulated which allows the processes which control the wet deposition of atmospheric aerosol particles and pollutant gases to be included in cloud dynamic models. The cloud considered in the model was allowed to grow by condensation and collision–coalescence, to remove aerosol particles by nucleation and impaction scavenging, and to remove pollutant gases by convective diffusion. The model was tested by using a simple air-parcel model as the dynamic framework. In this form the model was used to determine the fate of ammonium sulfate [(NH4)2SO4] particles and sulfur dioxide (SO2) gas as they became scavenged by cloud and precipitation drops. Special emp…

PollutantAtmospheric ScienceAmmonium sulfateNucleationchemistry.chemical_elementcomplex mixturesSulfurAerosolchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryEnvironmental chemistryAtmospheric chemistryScavengingAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsPhysics::Atmospheric and Oceanic PhysicsSulfur dioxideJournal of the Atmospheric Sciences
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