Search results for "Salicylic acid"
showing 10 items of 69 documents
Free radical-mediated systemic immunity in plants.
2014
SPE IPM; Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) is a form of defense that protects plants against a broad-spectrum of secondary infections by related or unrelated pathogens. SAR related research has witnessed considerable progress in recent years and a number of chemical signals and proteins contributing to SAR have been identified. All of these diverse constituents share their requirement for the phytohormone salicylic acid, an essential downstream component of the SAR pathway. However, recent work demonstrating the essential parallel functioning of nitric oxide (NO)-derived and reactive oxygen species (ROS)-derived signaling together with SA provides important new insights in the overlapping …
Multiple cross-linked hydroxypropylcellulose–succinate–salicylate: prodrug design, characterization, stimuli responsive swelling–deswelling and susta…
2015
A hydroxypropylcellulose–succinic anhydride (HPC–SAn) conjugate was synthesized homogeneously at 80 °C for 6 h under N2 in N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA). The HPC–SAn conjugate was further covalently linked with salicylic acid (SA) drug using the versatile reagent ZrOCl2·8H2O at 80 °C for 6 h. Multiple crosslinking of the benign HPC–SAn–SA conjugate was achieved using oxalyl chloride. The resultant cross-linked prodrug (CL-HPC–SAn–SA conjugate) was characterized using different spectroscopic techniques. UV/Vis analysis of the HPC–SAn–SA conjugate has indicated that it contains 26 mg of SA per 100 mg. CL-HPC–SAn–SA showed reasonably good swelling properties in water and at different physiologic…
Hexanoic acid is a resistance inducer that protects tomato plants againstPseudomonas syringaeby priming the jasmonic acid and salicylic acid pathways
2012
Summary Hexanoic acid-induced resistance (Hx-IR) is effective against several pathogens in tomato plants. Our study of the mechanisms implicated in Hx-IR against Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 suggests that hexanoic acid (Hx) treatment counteracts the negative effect of coronatine (COR) and jasmonyl-isoleucine (JA-Ile) on the salicylic acid (SA) pathway. In Hx-treated plants, an increase in the expression of jasmonic acid carboxyl methyltransferase (JMT) and the SA marker genes PR1 and PR5 indicates a boost in this signalling pathway at the expense of a decrease in JA-Ile. Moreover, Hx treatment potentiates 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid accumulation, which suggests that this molecule mig…
The Reactions of Electron-Rich Heterocycles with Derivatives of Orthocarboxylic Acids; VIII. Proton Acid-Catalyzed Acylation of Indoles by 2-Alkoxy-1…
1987
In acid-catalyzed reactions with 3-unsubstituted indoles 1, 2-alkoxy-1,3-dioxolanes 2a-c behave as acyl equivalents. Depending on the substitution patterns of the reaction partners, the 1,3-dioxolanium ions 3a-c, generated in situ from the cyclic ortho esters by the action of sulfosalicylic acid, react to form tris-(3-indolyl)alkanes 6 and 9, bis-(3-indolyl)ethenes 7, or 3-benzoylindoles 8. Analogous reactivity was observed with related acyclic ortho esters. Reaktionen elektronenreicher Heterocyclen mit Orthocarbonsaure-Derivaten; VIII. Protonsaurekatalysierte Acylierung von Indolen mit 2-Alkoxy-1,3-dioxolanen 2-Alkoxy-1,3-dioxolane 2a-c reagieren als Acylaquivalente mit 3-unsubstituierten …
Priming for JA-dependent defenses using hexanoic acid is an effective mechanism to protect Arabidopsis against B. cinerea
2011
Abstract Soil drench treatments with hexanoic acid can effectively protect Arabidopsis plants against Botrytis cinerea through a mechanism based on a stronger and faster accumulation of JA-dependent defenses. Plants impaired in ethylene, salicylic acid, abscisic acid or glutathion pathways showed intact protection by hexanoic acid upon B. cinerea infection. Accordingly, no significant changes in the SA marker gene PR-1 in either the SA or ABA hormone balance were observed in the infected and treated plants. In contrast, the JA signaling pathway showed dramatic changes after hexanoic acid treatment, mainly when the pathogen was present. The impaired JA mutants, jin1-2 and jar1 , were unable …
Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Part 20[1] Method for Testing Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatories: The Modified Hen's Egg Chorioallantoic Membr…
1996
The delay of onset of irritation phenomena at the chorioallantoic membrane of incubated hen's eggs, a parameter for anti-inflammatory activity, was determined for the pharmaceutical substances diclofenac, flufenamic acid, ibuprofen, indomethacin, ketoprofen, piroxicam, phenylbutazone, salicylic acid, and sodium salicylate. Alongside questions relating to the dose-effect ratio, metabolisation, recovery, and diffusion of the substances to their site of action were investigated. The reproducibility of the procedure and its selectivity with regard to substances with a different mechanism of action is proven. The method allows classification of the substances according to their anti-inflammatory…
Zofenopril and Ramipril in Combination with Acetyl Salicylic Acid in Postmyocardial Infarction Patients with Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction: A…
2016
Summary Objective In the SMILE-4 study, zofenopril + acetyl salicylic acid (ASA) was more effective than ramipril + ASA on 1-year prevention of major cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated by left ventricular dysfunction. In this retrospective analysis, we evaluated drug efficacy in subgroups of patients, according to a history of diabetes mellitus. Methods The primary study endpoint was 1-year combined occurrence of death or hospitalization for cardiovascular causes. Diabetes was defined according to medical history (previous known diagnosis). Results A total of 562 of 693 (81.0%) patients were classified as nondiabetics and 131 (18.9%) as dia…
Early Treatment With Zofenopril and Ramipril in Combination With Acetyl Salicylic Acid in Patients With Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction After A…
2017
Abstract: The SMILE-4 study showed that in patients with left ventricular dysfunction (LVD) after acute myocardial infarction, early treatment with zofenopril plus acetyl salicylic acid is associated with an improved 1-year survival, free from death or hospitalization for cardiovascular (CV) causes, as compared to ramipril plus acetyl salicylic acid. We now report CV outcomes during a 5-year follow-up of the patients of the SMILE-4 study. Three hundred eighty-six of the 518 patients completing the study (51.2%) could be tracked after the study end and 265 could be included in the analysis. During the 5.5 (±2.1) years of follow-up, the primary endpoint occurred in 27.8% of patients originall…
Comparison between zofenopril and ramipril in combination with acetylsalicylic acid in patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction after acut…
2012
Background: Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) are largely employed for treating patients with left ventricular dysfunction (LVD), but their efficacy may be negatively affected by concomitant administration of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), with some difference among the different compounds. Hypothesis: The interaction between ASA and the two ACEIs zofenopril and ramipril may result in a different impact on survival of cardiac patients, due to differences in the pharmacological properties of the two ACEIs. Methods: This phase IIIb, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, multicenter, European study compared the safety and efficacy of zofenopril (60 mg/day) and ramipril (10 mg/d…
Clinicopathological profile of gastrointestinal tuberculosis: a multinational ID-IRI study
2020
Data are relatively scarce on gastro-intestinal tuberculosis (GITB). Most studies are old and from single centers, or did not include immunosuppressed patients. Thus, we aimed to determine the clinical, radiological, and laboratory profiles of GITB. We included adults with proven GITB treated between 2000 and 2018. Patients were enrolled from 21 referral centers in 8 countries (Belgium, Egypt, France, Italy, Kazakhstan, Saudi Arabia, UK, and Turkey). One hundred four patients were included. Terminal ileum (n = 46, 44.2%), small intestines except terminal ileum (n = 36, 34.6%), colon (n = 29, 27.8%), stomach (n = 6, 5.7%), and perianal (one patient) were the sites of GITB. One-third of all p…