Search results for "Salt"

showing 10 items of 1157 documents

Effect of external basalt layers on durability behaviour of flax reinforced composites

2016

Abstract Aim of this work is to evaluate the influence of external layers of basalt-mat on the durability behaviour of flax reinforced epoxy composites. To this scope, long-term ageing tests were performed on two different laminates in critical environmental conditions. The first laminate, named Flax, was constituted by stacking ten layers of bidirectional flax fabrics. The second one, named Flax–Basalt, was produced by replacing two external flax layers with two layers of basalt mat for each side of the laminate. Both laminates were exposed to salt-fog environmental conditions, according to ASTM B 117 standard, for 60 days. Five samples per laminate were removed from salt-fog spray chamber…

Polymer-matrix composites (PMCs)Materials scienceAbsorption of waterCharpy impact test02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringFlexural strengthComposite materialImpact behaviourBasaltA. Hybrid; A. Polymer-matrix composites (PMCs); B. Environmental degradation; B. Impact behaviour; Ceramics and Composites; Mechanics of Materials; Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering; Mechanical EngineeringMechanical EngineeringEpoxy021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyDurabilityHybridEnvironmental degradation0104 chemical sciencesSettore ING-IND/22 - Scienza E Tecnologia Dei MaterialiMechanics of Materialsvisual_artCeramics and CompositesFracture (geology)visual_art.visual_art_medium0210 nano-technologyComposites Part B: Engineering
researchProduct

Durability of Basalt/Hemp Hybrid Thermoplastic Composites

2019

The Achilles heel of thermoplastic natural fibre composites is their limited durability. The environmental degradation of the mechanical properties of hemp and hemp/basalt hybrid-reinforced high-density polyethylene (HDPE) composites has been investigated with a special focus on the effects of water ageing and accelerated ageing, including hygrothermal and UV radiation. Modification of the matrix was carried out using a maleic anhydride high-density polyethylene copolymer (MAPE) as a compatibilizer. Hybridization of hemp fibres with basalt fibres and the incorporation of MAPE were found to significantly decrease the water uptake (up to 75%) and increase the retention of mechanical propertie…

Polymer-matrix composites (PMCs)Materials scienceThermoplasticPolymers and Plasticspolymer-matrix composites; hybrid; environmental degradation; natural fibres; durability; basalt fibres; hemp fibresNatural Fibersenvironmental degradation02 engineering and technologyHemp fibers010402 general chemistrypolymer-matrix composites01 natural sciencesArticlelaw.inventionlcsh:QD241-441chemistry.chemical_compoundDifferential scanning calorimetrylcsh:Organic chemistryhemp fibreslawnatural fibresUltimate tensile strengthComposite materialCrystallizationchemistry.chemical_classificationPolymer-matrix compositehybridChemistry (all)Maleic anhydrideGeneral ChemistryPolyethylene021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyDurabilityHybrid0104 chemical sciencesEnvironmental degradationSettore ING-IND/22 - Scienza E Tecnologia Dei MaterialichemistryNatural fibre13. Climate actionBasalt fiber reinforced polymersdurabilityHigh-density polyethylenebasalt fibres0210 nano-technologyHemp fibreBasalt fibrePolymers
researchProduct

Ionic Hydrogel Based on Chitosan Cross-Linked with 6-Phosphogluconic Trisodium Salt as a Drug Delivery System.

2018

[EN] In this work, 6-phosphogluconic trisodium salt (6-PG(-)Na(+)) is introduced as a new aqueous and nontoxic cross-linking agent to obtain ionic hydrogels. Here, it is shown the formation of hydrogels based on chitosan cross-linked with 6-PG(-)Na(+). This formulation is obtained by ionic interaction of cationic groups of polymer with anionic groups of the cross linker. These hydrogels are nontoxic, do not cause dermal irritation, are easy to extend, and have an adequate adhesion force to be applied as polymeric film over the skin. This AWN formulation exhibits a first order release kinetic and can be applied as drug vehicle for topical administration or as wound dressing for wound healing…

Polymers and PlasticsPolymersAdministration TopicalIonic bondingSalt (chemistry)Bioengineering02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesGluconatesHydrogel Polyethylene Glycol DimethacrylateBiomaterialsChitosanchemistry.chemical_compoundQUIMICA ORGANICADrug Delivery SystemsMaterials ChemistryHumanschemistry.chemical_classificationChitosanWound HealingAqueous solutionWound Closure TechniquesSodiumCationic polymerization021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesDrug vehicleKineticsCross-Linking ReagentsChemical engineeringchemistrySelf-healing hydrogelsDrug delivery0210 nano-technologyBiomacromolecules
researchProduct

Development of a questionnaire to assay recalled liking for salt, sweet and fat

2012

Abstract Liking for a sweet, salty or fatty diet may induce overconsumption of simple carbohydrates, sodium or lipids. Measuring overall liking of the corresponding sensory sensations contributes to understanding the determinants of dietary behaviours. However, no standardized validated questionnaire assaying these sensations is currently available. In the present study, we developed a web-based questionnaire, “PrefQuest”, which measures recalled liking for the following four sensations: salt, fat and salt, sweet, fat and sweet. PrefQuest included four types of items: (1) liking for sweet, fatty-sweet and fatty-salty foods, (2) preferences in the level of seasoning by adding salt, sweetener…

Population sample030309 nutrition & dieteticsSaltLarge population030209 endocrinology & metabolismFactor structurePreferenceSweet03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinestomatognathic systemInternal consistencyFood scienceComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSFOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY0303 health sciencesNutrition and DieteticsQuestionnairedigestive oral and skin physiologyConstruct validityfood and beveragesValidated questionnaireConfirmatory factor analysisExploratory factor analysisFatPsychologyLiking[SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and NutritionFood Science
researchProduct

Exploring the use of low-intensity ultrasonics as a tool for assessing the salt content in pork meat products

2015

Meat industry demands non-destructive techniques for the control of the salting process to achieve a homogeneous final salt content in salted meat products. The feasibility of using low-intensity ultrasound for characterizing the salting process of pork meat products was evaluated. The ultrasonic velocity (V) and time of flight (TF) were measured by through-transmission and pulse-echo methods, respectively, in salted meat products. Salting involved an increase of the V in meat muscles and a decrease of the time of flight in whole hams. Measuring the V before and after salting, the salt content could be estimated. Moreover, online monitoring of the salting process by computing the TF could b…

Pork meatOnline monitoringMeat packing industrySalt contentTECNOLOGIA DE ALIMENTOSbusiness.industrySaltingfood and beveragesSalting processQuality controlPhysics and Astronomy(all)HomogeneousUltrasonic velocityPork meatUltrasoundEnvironmental scienceNon-destructive technologyFood sciencebusiness
researchProduct

Spectra of Positrons Lifetimes in Choose Gel Drugs

2006

antiphlogistic drugs were investigated. The basic components in them were sodium salts of diclophenac and they difiered from one another with the chemical composition of other components. It was found that in all of the investigated spectra there occurred a component which testifled to the formation of positronium. The difierences in the values of ortho-Ps component lifetimes and their intensity can be attributed to the presence of ingredients modifying the efiects of the drug.

PositronChemistryComponent (thermodynamics)Inorganic chemistryGeneral Physics and AstronomyChemical compositionDiclophenacSpectral linePositroniumSodium saltActa Physica Polonica A
researchProduct

(Liquid + liquid) equilibria of polymer-salt aqueous two-phase systems for laccase partitioning : UCON 50-HB-5100 with potassium citrate and (sodium …

2012

Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) are recognized as very suitable techniques for the recovery of target solutes in biological applications. Three new phase diagrams of (UCON 50-HB-5100 + potassium citrate + water), (UCON 50-HB-5100 + sodium formate + water), and (UCON 50-HB-5100 + potassium formate + water) systems were measured at 23 C. The binodal curves were successfully described using the empirical equation suggested by Merchuk and co-workers. The reliability of the tie-line data experimentally determined was evaluated using the equations reported by Othmer–Tobias and Bancroft and satisfactory linearity was obtained for all ATPS. Among the salts studied, potassium citrate proved to be t…

PotassiumInorganic chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementSalt (chemistry)02 engineering and technologyPolyethylene glycolEngineering and technology01 natural sciencesPartition coefficientUCONchemistry.chemical_compound020401 chemical engineeringPhase (matter)Ciências da engenharia e tecnologiasGeneral Materials Science0204 chemical engineeringPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryBinodalchemistry.chemical_classificationAqueous solutionScience & Technology010401 analytical chemistryLaccaseTechnological sciences Engineering and technology6. Clean waterAtomic and Molecular Physics and Optics0104 chemical sciencesPotassium formatePartition coefficientchemistryCiências Tecnológicas Ciências da engenharia e tecnologiasAqueous two-phase systemsPhase equilibria
researchProduct

Elucidation of reaction process between solid tricalcium silicate and a lanthanum salt solution in connection with the precipitation pH. Extension to…

1993

Abstract Dissolution of tricalcium silicate is strongly accelerated in a La salt solution and releases the amounts of OH, Ca and silicate ions just required to precipitate all of lanthanum at pH 8. It remained to be proved that (1) La silicate hydrate could form at pH 8, and (2) Ca silicate hydrate could not precipitate simultaneously. The plot of silicate hydrate and hydroxide precipitation pH of La, Ca and other elements (Th, Zr) against the dropped volume of K2SiO3 and KOH solution and some physico-chemical characterization methods bring affirmative answers to these questions and allow the immobilization process of La and other elements in the presence of tricalcium silicate to be better…

Precipitation (chemistry)Inorganic chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementGeneral ChemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsSilicatechemistry.chemical_compoundSalt solutionchemistryScientific methodLanthanumHydroxideGeneral Materials ScienceHydrateDissolutionSolid State Ionics
researchProduct

Effect of the lemon essential oils on the safety and sensory quality of salted sardines (Sardina pilchardus Walbaum 1792)

2017

The main aim of this research was to investigate the biopreservative effects of lemon essential oil (EO) micro-emulsions on salted sardines. The experimental design included two experimental trials, SR1 and SR2 carried out with 25 ml of lemon EO micro-emulsion at 0.3 and 1.0% (v/v), respectively, and a control trial performed without EO addition. Chemical analyses on salted sardines inoculated with the EOs clearly showed a substantial persistence of several volatile organic compounds (VOCs) belonging to groups of monoterpene hydrocarbons, oxygenated monoterpenes and sesquiterpene hydrocarbons derived from EOs during the entire period of ripening. In particular, the molecules mostly represen…

PreservativeMonoterpeneFlavourSardina pilchardusHurdle-technologySalting proceSesquiterpene01 natural scienceslaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compound0404 agricultural biotechnologylawSardinesSettore AGR/01 - Economia Ed Estimo RuraleFood scienceSettore BIO/06 - Anatomia Comparata E CitologiaExtremely halophilic bacteriaEssential oilExtremely halophilic bacteria; Histamine; Hurdle-technology; Lemon essential oil; Salting process; Sardines; Biotechnology; Food ScienceLimoneneSardine010401 analytical chemistrySalting processRipening04 agricultural and veterinary sciences040401 food science0104 chemical scienceschemistryLemon essential oilHistamineBiotechnologyFood ScienceSettore AGR/16 - Microbiologia Agraria
researchProduct

Modelling the transient behaviour of a MED-TVC plant for coupling with CSP

2015

In this paper a dynamic model for the MED-TVC process has been developed and valided by a comparison with data from a real plant situated in Trapani, Italy, composed by 12 effects with parallel-feed configuration and equipped with a medium-pressure steam vapour ejector.

Process modelling gPROMS Dynamic simulation MED TVC CSP Molten salts
researchProduct