Search results for "Sample"

showing 10 items of 2270 documents

Grapevine and wine metabolomics-based guidelines for fair data and metadata management

2021

In the era of big and omics data, good organization, management, and description of experimental data are crucial for achieving high-quality datasets. This, in turn, is essential for the export of robust results, to publish reliable papers, make data more easily available, and unlock the huge potential of data reuse. Lately, more and more journals now require authors to share data and metadata according to the FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) principles. This work aims to provide a step-by-step guideline for the FAIR data and metadata management specific to grapevine and wine science. In detail, the guidelines include recommendations for the organization of data and meta…

Computer scienceEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismInteroperabilityMicrobiologyBiochemistryAnnotationMetadata managementTechnical NoteVitisSettore CHIM/10 - CHIMICA DEGLI ALIMENTIwineMolecular BiologyPublicationmetabolites<i>Vitis</i>mass spectrometrybusiness.industryplantsExperimental dataData scienceopen-data; plants; omics; Vitis; wine; metabolites; chromatography; mass spectrometryQR1-502Chromatography; Mass spectrometry; Metabolites; Omics; Open-data; Plants; Vitis; WineomicsMetadataOpen dataopen-datachromatographySample collectionbusiness
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Are nonlinear model-free conditional entropy approaches for the assessment of cardiac control complexity superior to the linear model-based one?

2016

Objective : We test the hypothesis that the linear model-based (MB) approach for the estimation of conditional entropy (CE) can be utilized to assess the complexity of the cardiac control in healthy individuals. Methods : An MB estimate of CE was tested in an experimental protocol (i.e., the graded head-up tilt) known to produce a gradual decrease of cardiac control complexity as a result of the progressive vagal withdrawal and concomitant sympathetic activation. The MB approach was compared with traditionally exploited nonlinear model-free (MF) techniques such as corrected approximate entropy, sample entropy, corrected CE, two k -nearest-neighbor CE procedures and permutation CE. Electroca…

Computer scienceEntropyBiomedical EngineeringSensitivity and Specificity01 natural sciencesApproximate entropy03 medical and health sciencesEntropy (classical thermodynamics)0302 clinical medicineHeart RateHeart Rate Determination0103 physical sciencesStatisticsHumansEntropy (information theory)Autonomic nervous systemComputer SimulationEntropy (energy dispersal)010306 general physicsEntropy (arrow of time)Heart rate variabilityFeedback PhysiologicalConditional entropyEntropy (statistical thermodynamics)Head-up tiltModels CardiovascularLinear modelCardiovascular regulationReproducibility of ResultsHeartStatistical modelMutual informationSample entropyMutual informationNonlinear DynamicsConcomitantSettore ING-INF/06 - Bioingegneria Elettronica E InformaticaLinear ModelsAlgorithmRandom variableAlgorithms030217 neurology & neurosurgeryEntropy (order and disorder)
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Characterization of entropy measures against data loss: Application to EEG records

2012

This study is aimed at characterizing three signal entropy measures, Approximate Entropy (ApEn), Sample Entropy (SampEn) and Multiscale Entropy (MSE) over real EEG signals when a number of samples are randomly lost due to, for example, wireless data transmission. The experimental EEG database comprises two main signal groups: control EEGs and epileptic EEGs. Results show that both SampEn and ApEn enable a clear distinction between control and epileptic signals, but SampEn shows a more robust performance over a wide range of sample loss ratios. MSE exhibits a poor behavior for ratios over a 40% of sample loss. The EEG non-stationary and random trends are kept even when a great number of samp…

Computer scienceEntropyInformation Storage and RetrievalData lossElectroencephalographySensitivity and SpecificityApproximate entropyMultiscale entropyEntropy (classical thermodynamics)SeizuresStatisticsmedicineHumansEntropy (information theory)Entropy (energy dispersal)Entropy (arrow of time)medicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryEntropy (statistical thermodynamics)Reproducibility of ResultsElectroencephalographyPattern recognitionSample entropyArtificial intelligenceArtifactsbusinessAlgorithmsEntropy (order and disorder)2011 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society
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Register data in sample allocations for small-area estimation

2018

The inadequate control of sample sizes in surveys using stratified sampling and area estimation may occur when the overall sample size is small or auxiliary information is insufficiently used. Very small sample sizes are possible for some areas. The proposed allocation based on multi-objective optimization uses a small-area model and estimation method and semi-collected empirical data annually collected empirical data. The assessment of its performance at the area and at the population levels is based on design-based sample simulations. Five previously developed allocations serve as references. The model-based estimator is more accurate than the design-based Horvitz–Thompson estimator and t…

Computer scienceGeneral MathematicsGeography Planning and DevelopmentPopulationSample (statistics)01 natural sciences010104 statistics & probabilitySmall area estimationmodel-based EBLUP0502 economics and businessSampling designStatisticsrekisteritotanta0101 mathematicseducation050205 econometrics DemographyEstimationta113education.field_of_studyta112kaupparekisteritauxiliary and proxy data05 social sciencesEstimatortrade-off between areas and populationmonitavoiteoptimointiStratified samplingkohdentaminenmulti-objective optimizationSample size determinationGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesperformanceMathematical Population Studies
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A Novel Marking Reader for Progressive Addition Lenses Based on Gabor Holography

2016

PURPOSE Progressive addition lenses (PALs) are marked with permanent engraved marks (PEMs) at standardized locations. Permanent engraved marks are very useful through the manufacturing and mounting processes, act as locator marks to re-ink the removable marks, and contain useful information about the PAL. However, PEMs are often faint and weak, obscured by scratches, partially occluded, and difficult to recognize on tinted lenses or with antireflection or scratch-resistant coatings. The aim of this article is to present a new generation of portable marking reader based on an extremely simplified concept for visualization and identification of PEMs in PALs. METHODS Permanent engraved marks o…

Computer scienceHolographyHolographyMagnification01 natural sciencesSample (graphics)law.inventionVisualization010309 optics03 medical and health sciencesOphthalmologyEyeglasses0302 clinical medicineFiducial MarkerslawComputer graphics (images)0103 physical sciences030221 ophthalmology & optometryOptometryProgressive addition lensesOptometry and Vision Science
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Identification of differential risk hotspots for collision and vehicle type in a directed linear network

2019

Traffic accidents can take place in very different ways and involve a substantially distinct number and types of vehicles. Thus, it is of interest to know which parts of a road structure present an overrepresentation of a specific type of traffic accident, specially for some typologies of collisions and vehicles that tend to trigger more severe consequences for the users being involved. In this study, a spatial approach is followed to estimate the risk that different types of collisions and vehicles present in the central area of Valencia (Spain), considering the accidents observed in this city during the period 2014-2017. A directed spatial linear network representing the non-pedestrian ro…

Computer scienceKernel density estimationPoison controlHuman Factors and Ergonomicscomputer.software_genreRisk Assessment0502 economics and businessHumans0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesBuilt EnvironmentSafety Risk Reliability and QualitySpatial analysis050107 human factorsSpatial Analysis050210 logistics & transportation05 social sciencesAccidents TrafficPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthDifferential (mechanical device)CollisionMotor VehiclesIdentification (information)SpainSample size determinationData miningRisk assessmentMonte Carlo MethodcomputerAccident Analysis &amp; Prevention
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Clinically-Driven Virtual Patient Cohorts Generation: An Application to Aorta

2021

The combination of machine learning methods together with computational modeling and simulation of the cardiovascular system brings the possibility of obtaining very valuable information about new therapies or clinical devices through in-silico experiments. However, the application of machine learning methods demands access to large cohorts of patients. As an alternative to medical data acquisition and processing, which often requires some degree of manual intervention, the generation of virtual cohorts made of synthetic patients can be automated. However, the generation of a synthetic sample can still be computationally demanding to guarantee that it is clinically meaningful and that it re…

Computer sciencePhysiologySample (statistics)Target populationMachine learningcomputer.software_genreData acquisitionVirtual patientPhysiology (medical)digital twinQP1-981support vector machineOriginal Researchbusiness.industrygenerative adversarial networkSampling (statistics)synthetic populationthoracic-aortaSupport vector machineReference samplein-silico trialsCohortArtificial intelligencevirtual cohortbusinesscomputerclinically-driven samplingFrontiers in Physiology
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A Software Package for a Serum Bank Management

1979

A serum-bank is a collection of human serum samples coming from different locations (in our case Children Hospital, schools, factories, town departemens), allocated in some archives. Principal users of a such data-bank are, of course, physicians and biologists that are mainly interested in statistical analysis (computation of averages, variances factor analysis, etc.) of immunological and epidemiological relevance, in order to investigate about some haematochemical parameters common to some selected subset of the archives [1], [2].

Computer sciencePrincipal (computer security)Relevance (information retrieval)Statistical analysisOperations managementMarketingSoftware packageSerum samplesBank management
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Emulation of 2D Hydrodynamic Flood Simulations at Catchment Scale Using ANN and SVR

2021

Two-dimensional (2D) hydrodynamic models are one of the most widely used tools for flood modeling practices and risk estimation. The 2D models provide accurate results

Computer scienceProcess (engineering)Geography Planning and DevelopmentAquatic ScienceMachine learningcomputer.software_genreBiochemistrysupport vector regressionTD201-500Uncertainty analysisWater Science and TechnologyEmulationArtificial neural networkFlood mythWater supply for domestic and industrial purposesbusiness.industryDimensionality reductionHydraulic engineeringSupport vector machineemulatorsVDP::Teknologi: 500Sample size determinationerror structureArtificial intelligencetraining set sizebusinessTC1-978computerartificial neural networkWater
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Quantification and automatized adaptive detection of in vivo and in vitro neuronal bursts based on signal complexity.

2015

In this paper, we propose employing entropy values to quantify action potential bursts in electrophysiological measurements from the brain and neuronal cultures. Conventionally in the electrophysiological signal analysis, bursts are quantified by means of conventional measures such as their durations, and number of spikes in bursts. Here our main aim is to device metrics for burst quantification to provide for enhanced burst characterization. Entropy is a widely employed measure to quantify regularity/complexity of time series. Specifically, we investigate the applicability and differences of spectral entropy and sample entropy in the quantification of bursts in in vivo rat hippocampal meas…

Computer scienceQuantitative Biology::Tissues and OrgansAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaEntropyCell Culture TechniquesElectrophysiological PhenomenaAction Potentialsta3112HippocampusEntropy (classical thermodynamics)In vivoEntropy (information theory)AnimalsEntropy (energy dispersal)Rats WistarEntropy (arrow of time)ta217NeuronsSignal processingQuantitative Biology::Neurons and Cognitionta213Entropy (statistical thermodynamics)Signal Processing Computer-Assistedadaptive detectionelectrophysiological signal analysisquantificationneuronal burstsElectrophysiological PhenomenaSample entropyElectrophysiologyElectrophysiologyMicroelectrodeBiological systemNeuroscienceMicroelectrodesEntropy (order and disorder)Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference
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