Search results for "Science studies"
showing 10 items of 182 documents
Strengthening SMEs’ innovation culture through collaborations with public research organizations. Do all firms benefit equally?
2017
The purpose of this paper is to explore whether collaborating with public research organizations (PROs) contributes to strengthening the innovation culture of small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs). We examine to what extent their innovation culture is reinforced by collaborations with research organizations and investigate the type of organizational strategies that enhance this effect of collaboration. The empirical study is based on a survey of firms that collaborate with the largest Spanish PRO, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC). Our results indicate that SMEs differ greatly in their capacity to strengthen their innovation culture through collaboration with research organizatio…
True V or not True V, That is the Question
2016
In this paper we intend to argue that: (1) the question `True V or not True V' is central to both the philosophical and mathematical investigations of the foundations of mathematics; (2) when posed within a framework in which set theory is seen as a science of objects, the question `True V or not True V' generates a dilemma each horn of which turns out to be unacceptable; (3) a plausible way out of the dilemma mentioned at (2) is provided by an approach to set theory according to which this is considered to be a science of structures.
Gender inequality in directive bodies and scientific production on the Ibero-American psychology journals with greater international visibility
2018
[ES]: El presente trabajo analiza desde una perspectiva de género la composición de los equipos editoriales de las revistas iberoamericanas de Psicología incluidas en el Journal Citation Reports de 2015 (editado en 2016) y la producción de artículos y número de firmas en estas revistas en el JCR de 2014 y 2015. Los resultados indican mayor presencia de hombres en comités editoriales, con cargos de responsabilidad mayores y en revistas de mejor cuartil. En la producción científica destaca una igualdad en función del género en el número de firmas y en el número de mujeres y hombres como primer firmante, si bien las mujeres aparecen en menor medida como autores de la correspondencia y presenta…
Countering the negative image of women in computing
2019
A positive image would inspire the capable but underrepresented who might otherwise give up on computing.
2020
Peer review is often criticized for being flawed, subjective and biased, but research into peer review has been hindered by a lack of access to peer review reports. Here we report the results of a study in which text-analysis software was used to determine the linguistic characteristics of 472,449 peer review reports. A range of characteristics (including analytical tone, authenticity, clout, three measures of sentiment, and morality) were studied as a function of reviewer recommendation, area of research, type of peer review and reviewer gender. We found that reviewer recommendation had the biggest impact on the linguistic characteristics of reports, and that area of research, type of peer…
El Gran rescate de la prensa española: los anticipos reintegrables durante la Primera Guerra Mundial
2021
Resumen La crisis económica que se derivó de la Primera Guerra Mundial provocó, entre otros efectos, la caída aguda de los resultados económicos de la prensa española y una amenaza real de colapso generalizado. Reconvertida a grandes empresas, con exponentes como el primer trust periodístico español, creado en 1906, los editores de periódicos plantearon por primera vez un dilema clave para el sistema representativo: si se quería que existiese prensa, el tesoro público debía colaborar mediante subvenciones a la compra de papel. Se puso en marcha, de esta forma, el primer gran rescate de la prensa española, con una aportación millonaria de dinero público a empresas privadas que, en teoría, te…
Closed Theories, Falsificationism and Non-Cumulative Progress
2020
It is argued that scientific progress occurs not with the cumulative growth of knowledge or when theories get closer to the truth but with discovering new domains and new theories that fit these domains. This horizontal view on the direction of scientific progress (in contrast to vertical, when we aim to get from here to the abstract and ephemeral truth) allows avoiding traditional objections posed by the incommensurability thesis and pessimistic induction, namely, that radical theory changes leave no room for progress. According to this perspective, the discovery of quantum mechanics as a new field of inquiry is a progress in itself, since this discovery had opened up a new distinctive dom…
Reference density trends in the major disciplines
2018
Abstract The aim of this study was to determine whether different areas of knowledge presented different behaviour with regard to the number of references cited per journal document or if, conversely, they shared the same reference density practices. Bibliometric and bibliographic data were collected from 27,141 journals (indexed between 2001 and 2015 in the SCImago Journal & Country Rank (SJR)) and the growth rates in reference density and number of documents and journals in each category were calculated at different levels of aggregation. Our analysis identified that (a) mean reference density values in some Social Sciences and Arts and Humanities categories were equal to or higher than t…
Measuring dissatisfaction with coauthorship: An empirical approach based on the researchers’ perception
2019
Abstract Increasing levels of collaboration constitute one of the characteristics of science. However, the knowledge production system is based on a fundamental discordance: on the one hand, it is cooperative in nature, with links articulated through coauthorships, and on the other, the systems for assigning merit and distributing rewards function on an individual scale. This contradiction can give rise to dysfunction and inappropriate practices. This study analyses researchers’ perceptions about the problems associated with authorship in scientific publications. We make use of a coauthorship dissatisfaction index that measures the degree of dissatisfaction with the author order on the byli…
The Changing Role of the State in French Higher Education: From Curriculum Control to Programme Accreditation
2004
The French higher education system is currently undergoing deep changes in relation to degree structure and accreditation process. In the wake of the Bologna declaration, new state regulations have been introduced since 2000 that aimed at building a degree structure that is common to all higher education institutions. As their implementation will be phased in step by step until 2006, a study of the accreditation processes in operation in France must present both past and future schemes.