Search results for "Sens"

2020

Healthy aging is associated with deterioration of the sensorimotor system, which impairs balance and somatosensation. However, the exact age-related changes in the cortical processing of sensorimotor integration are unclear. This study investigated primary sensorimotor cortex (SM1) oscillations in the 15-30 Hz beta band at rest and following (involuntary) rapid stretches to the triceps surae muscles (i.e., proprioceptive stimulation) of young and older adults. A custom-built, magnetoencephalography (MEG)-compatible device was used to deliver rapid (190°·s-1) ankle rotations as subjects sat passively in a magnetically-shielded room while MEG recorded their cortical signals. Eleven young (age…

Desensitization of cAMP Accumulation via Human β3-Adrenoceptors Expressed in Human Embryonic Kidney Cells by Full, Partial, and Biased Agonists

2019

β3-Adrenoceptors couple not only to cAMP formation but, at least in some cell types, also to alternative signaling pathways such as phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). β3-Adrenoceptor agonists are used in long-term symptomatic treatment of the overactive bladder syndrome; it is only poorly understood which signaling pathway mediates the clinical response and whether it undergoes agonist-induced desensitization. Therefore, we used human embryonic kidney cells stably transfected with human β3-adrenoceptors to compare coupling of ligands with various degrees of efficacy, including biased agonists, to cAMP formation and ERK phosphorylation, particularly regarding des…

Subchronic vortioxetine treatment -but not escitalopram- enhances pyramidal neuron activity in the rat prefrontal cortex.

2017

Abstract Vortioxetine (VOR) is a multimodal antidepressant drug. VOR is a 5-HT 3 -R, 5-HT 7 -R and 5-HT 1D -R antagonist, 5-HT 1B -R partial agonist, 5-HT 1A -R agonist, and serotonin transporter (SERT) inhibitor. VOR shows pro-cognitive activity in animal models and beneficial effects on cognitive dysfunction in major depressive patients. Here we compared the effects of 14-day treatments with VOR and escitalopram (ESC, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor) on neuronal activity in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Ten groups of rats (5 standard, 5 depleted of 5-HT with p -chlorophenylalanine -pCPA-, used as model of cognitive impairment) were fed with control food or with two doses of …

β(3)‐Adrenoceptors in the normal and diseased urinary bladder—What are the open questions?

2019

β(3)‐Adrenoceptor agonists are used in the treatment of overactive bladder syndrome. Although the relaxant response to adrenergic stimulation in human detrusor smooth muscle cells is mediated mainly via β(3)‐adrenoceptors, the plasma concentrations of the therapeutic dose of mirabegron, the only clinically approved β(3)‐adrenoceptor agonist, are considerably lower than the EC(50) for causing direct relaxation of human detrusor, suggesting a mechanism of action other than direct relaxation of detrusor smooth muscle. However, the site and mechanism of action of β(3)‐adrenoceptor agonists in the bladder have not been firmly established. Postulated mechanisms include prejunctional suppression o…

Transferability of PCR-based diagnostic protocols: An international collaborative case study assessing protocols targeting the quarantine pine pathog…

2019

Producción Científica

ARIA digital anamorphosis: Digital transformation of health and care in airway diseases from research to practice: Review

2020

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Mechanisms of the Development of Allergy (MeDALL) : Introducing novel concepts in allergy phenotypes

2017

Asthma, rhinitis, and eczema are complex diseases with multiple genetic and environmental factors interlinked through IgE-associated and non–IgE-associated mechanisms. Mechanisms of the Development of ALLergy (MeDALL; EU FP7-CP-IP; project no: 261357; 2010-2015) studied the complex links of allergic diseases at the clinical and mechanistic levels by linking epidemiologic, clinical, and mechanistic research, including in vivo and in vitro models. MeDALL integrated 14 European birth cohorts, including 44,010 participants and 160 cohort follow-ups between pregnancy and age 20 years. Thirteen thousand children were prospectively followed after puberty by using a newly standardized MeDALL Core Q…

Alternative Methods to Animal Testing in Safety Evaluation of Cosmetic Products

2018

Abstract This chapter reviews alternative methods recommended for animal testing in various toxicological areas. An alternative model to achieve complete animal replacement for acute toxicity testing is not possible. Skin corrosion/irritation alternative methods have been validated and accepted. For eye irritation testing, no single method is able to replace the Draize rabbit eye test. Skin sensitization methods imply refinement and reduction of numbers of animals. An in vitro dermal absorption test could be an alternative to in vivo testing. There are no generally accepted alternative methods to replace the usual repeated-dose toxicity in vivo assays. To determine the genotoxic and mutagen…

Direct Sensing of Nutrients via a LAT1-like Transporter in Drosophila Insulin-Producing Cells

2016

Summary Dietary leucine has been suspected to play an important role in insulin release, a hormone that controls satiety and metabolism. The mechanism by which insulin-producing cells (IPCs) sense leucine and regulate insulin secretion is still poorly understood. In Drosophila, insulin-like peptides (DILP2 and DILP5) are produced by brain IPCs and are released in the hemolymph after leucine ingestion. Using Ca2+-imaging and ex vivo cultured larval brains, we demonstrate that IPCs can directly sense extracellular leucine levels via minidiscs (MND), a leucine transporter. MND knockdown in IPCs abolished leucine-dependent changes, including loss of DILP2 and DILP5 in IPC bodies, consistent wit…

Constructing Antidictionaries of Long Texts in Output-Sensitive Space

2021

AbstractA wordxthat is absent from a wordyis calledminimalif all its proper factors occur iny. Given a collection ofkwordsy1, … ,ykover an alphabetΣ, we are asked to compute the set$\mathrm {M}^{\ell }_{\{y_1,\ldots ,y_k\}}$M{y1,…,yk}ℓof minimal absent words of length at mostℓof the collection {y1, … ,yk}. The set$\mathrm {M}^{\ell }_{\{y_1,\ldots ,y_k\}}$M{y1,…,yk}ℓcontains all the wordsxsuch thatxis absent from all the words of the collection while there existi,j, such that the maximal proper suffix ofxis a factor ofyiand the maximal proper prefix ofxis a factor ofyj. In data compression, this corresponds to computing the antidictionary ofkdocuments. In bioinformatics, it corresponds to c…