Search results for "Simplexvirus"
showing 10 items of 60 documents
Loss of surface fibronectin after infection of cultured cells by HSV-1 and 2
1985
Fibronectin is lost from the surface of HSV infected cells during cell rounding. In order to investigate also the fate of fibronectin during the process of HSV-induced cell-fusion, BHK, Vero as well as primary or secondary rabbit kidney cells were infected with HSV-1 strains producing cell-fusion. By immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy a considerable loss of fibronectin after HSV infection could be demonstrated leaving only irregular clumps of fibronectin containing virus particles on the cell surface. Decrease and disarrangement of fibronectin was similar during cell rounding and cell fusion. Loss of Fibronectin was closely connected with the two types of the cytopathic effect…
Intracellular distribution of the La antigen in CV-1 cells after herpes simplex virus type 1 infection compared with the localization of U small nucl…
1989
The La antigen is known to associate, at least transiently, with a series of small nuclear and cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein particles (snRNPs and scRNPs), e.g. U1 and U6 snRNPs. In CV-1 cells a monoclonal antibody (MAb), directed against the La protein (La1B5), immunostained intranuclear speckles. These speckles were found to co-localize with speckles that were stained by MAbs directed against either all U snRNPs or only against U1 snRNPs. Two h after infection of CV-1 cells with herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) (strain HFEM) the staining of nuclear speckles with the anti-La MAb disappeared and the La protein was found quantitatively in the cytoplasm. In contrast nuclear speckles remain…
H-2-linked murine cytotoxic T cell responses specific for sendai virus-infected cells
1978
CBA (H-2k) mouse-derived lymphochoriomeningitis virus and herpes simplex virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes lyse virus-infected target cells compatible on either the H-2k or H-2D region. In contrast, CBA, C3H and AKR (H-2k) mouse-derived sendai virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) fail to lyse H-2D-compatible virus-infected cells. A similar lack of H-2D region-associated lytic activity was found with C57BL/6 and C57BL/10 (H-2b) mice as well as with the recombinants B10.A (2R) [Kb-Db] and B10.A (4R) [Kk-Db]. On the other hand, BALB/c (H-2d) mice and A/J (H-2a) mice do generate H-2Dd-associated sendai virus-specific CTL. These results are in contrast to those obtained with (CBA X …
Frequency of cytotoxic T lymphocyte precursors to herpes simplex virus type 1 as determined by limiting dilution analysis.
1983
The conditions for establishing a limiting dilution assay to measure cytotoxic T lymphocyte precursors (CTL-P) against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) were determined. Analysis by Poisson statistics demonstrated that the estimated frequency of HSV-1-reactive cells in the spleens of normal mice was less than 1/250,000. In contrast, mice immunized previously with infectious HSV-1 demonstrated a CTL-P frequency between 1/3,500 and 1/15,670. The generation of a maximum cytotoxic T lymphocyte response required that mice be primed in vivo with infectious virus. Immunization with inactivated virus either failed to elicit detectable CTL-P frequencies or gave frequencies markedly less than thos…
Herpes-Simplex-virus-specific, H-2Dk-restricted T lymphocytes bear receptors for H-2Dd alloantigen.
1980
Cytotoxic T lymphocytes generated in the course of an HSV-infection of CBA (H-2k) mice not only lyse syngeneic, virus-infected target cells but also cross-react with noninfected taraget cells expressing the Dd alloantigen. On the effector cell level, this alloreactivity is mediated by virus-specific CTL's that are restricted to H-2Dk determinants. On the prekiller cell level, the anti-HSV-reactive T cells exhibiting cross-reactivity for Dd alloantigen could be positively selected on H-2d spleen-cell monolayers. After differentiation into cytolytic effector cells, target cells expressing Dd alloantigens and syngeneic HSV-infected target were lysed with equal efficiency. The results imply tha…
In Vivo Protective Effect of Tumour Necrosis Factor Against Experimental Infection with Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1
1991
C57BL/6 mice, which differ genetically from other strains by their resistance to herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection, were inoculated intraperitoneally with different doses of tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha). Mice pretreated with 100 ng, or even 10 ng, of TNF-alpha showed prolonged survival compared to control mice that were infected with 10(7) p.f.u. of HSV-1. Significant protection was observed in mice injected 4 or 8 h prior to or after HSV-1 inoculation, respectively. Protection was also observed when mice which differed at their H-2 locus were treated with TNF-alpha after infection with HSV-1. Interferon could not be detected in the sera of mice at different time poi…
Anti H-2Dd alloreactivity mediated by herpes-simplex-virus specific cytotoxic H-2k T lymphocytes is associated with H-2Dk.
1980
Herpes-simplex-virus (HSV) specific, H-2k-restricted, immune cytotoxic T lymphocytes also lyse noninfected H-2d target cells. Genetic mapping studies revealed that HSV-specific Dk-restricted CTL cross-react with allogeneic targets expressing Dd alloantigens. Cold target inhibition experiments indicate that only a minority of HSV-specific CTL mediate cross-reactive cytolysis. The data give an example of where the phenomenon of H-2-restricted versus nonrestricted responsiveness is not due to distinct subsets of T cells but solely depends on the antigenic determinants recognized.
Influence of dibutyryl cyclic AMP on thymidine uptake by herpes simplex virus infected cells and the intracellular level of cyclic AMP.
1977
Abstract Dibutyryl cyclic AMP inhibits the increase of dThd and BrdUrd transport normally observed after infection with Herpesvirus hominis, type I and II. Incorporation is also reduced. Inhibition of uptake is non-competitive as analysed by the Lineweaver-Burk plot. Addition of this drug to infected cells also reduces the activity of the thymidine kinase (EC 2.7.1.75). Transport of dUrd, dCyd and dAdo is not reduced. 4–8 h after infection with thymidine kinase (+) herpes strains the level of cAMP increases. On infection with a thymidine kinase (−) virus, only a small elevation of cAMP can be shown. It was also found that early addition of actinomycin D or of cycloheximide prevents the incr…
Suppression of humoral immune response against herpes simplex virus induced by defective strains, ts- and TK- mutants.
1988
Suppression of humoral antibody formation against HSV is not only induced by replicating Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) but also by the defective strain ANG and the deletion mutant 1301 of Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). Moreover, ts-mutants A, H, K, S, 1201 and 1208 of HSV-1 as well as some ts-mutants of HSV-2 and “defective-interfering” particles of HSV-1 after high multiplicity of infection-passages induced suppression. Treatment of infected mice with ACG reduced antibody-formation but did not result in suppression. UV-irradiation of the antibody producing strain Len of HSV-1 strongly reduces antibody formation and induces suppression. Experiments using a series of intertypic r…
Analysis of the TK enzyme complex induced by HSV types 1 and 2 by means of isoelectric focusing and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
1982
Recently we have described that the Herpes simplex virus (HSV)-induced thymidine kinase (TK) induces AMP- and ADP-dThd-5'-phosphotransferase activities. We now demonstrate the heterogeneity of the described activities in isoelectric focusing experiments and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. A TK--mutant of HSV type 1 fails to induce these activities. The activities of the type 1 enzyme complex was neutralized by an anti-HSV-serum. The TK-enzyme complex expressed in LTK--cells transformed to a TK+-phenotype by sheared HSV-1 DNA was compared with the wild type TK complex in isoelectric focusing experiments. Additionally we demonstrate that the HSV type 1 enzyme complex has thymidylate kinas…