Search results for "Simulation."

showing 10 items of 4779 documents

A synthetic derivative of antimicrobial peptide holothuroidin 2 from mediterranean sea cucumber (Holothuria tubulosa) in the control of Listeria mono…

2019

Due to the limited number of available antibiotics, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are considered antimicrobial candidates to fight difficult-to-treat infections such as those associated with biofilms. Marine environments are precious sources of AMPs, as shown by the recent discovery of antibiofilm properties of Holothuroidin 2 (H2), an AMP produced by the Mediterranean sea cucumber Holothuria tubulosa. In this study, we considered the properties of a new H2 derivative, named H2d, and we tested it against seven strains of the dangerous foodborne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes. This peptide was more active than H2 in inhibiting the growth of planktonic L. monocytogenes and was able to interf…

antimicrobial peptideAntibioticsSettore BIO/05 - ZoologiaPharmaceutical SciencePeptideSettore BIO/19 - Microbiologia Generalemedicine.disease_cause01 natural sciencesFoodborne DiseasesDrug DiscoveryListeriosislcsh:QH301-705.5Pharmacology Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (miscellaneous)chemistry.chemical_classification0303 health sciencesbiologyBiofilmFoodborne pathogenAntimicrobialHolothuria tubulosaAnti-Bacterial AgentsSettore CHIM/03 - Chimica Generale E InorganicaAntimicrobial peptidesmedicine.drug_classAntimicrobial peptides-Microbial Sensitivity TestsMolecular Dynamics SimulationArticleMicrobiology03 medical and health sciencesListeria monocytogenesDrug Resistance BacterialmedicineMediterranean SeaAnimalsHolothuria<i>Holothuria tubulosa</i>Listeria monocytogene030304 developmental biology010405 organic chemistryHolothuria tubulosaBiofilmbiology.organism_classificationSettore CHIM/08 - Chimica FarmaceuticaListeria monocytogenesProtein tertiary structure0104 chemical sciencesProtein Structure TertiaryFoodborne pathogenslcsh:Biology (General)chemistryBiofilmsDrug Design<i>Listeria monocytogenes</i>Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides
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1-methil-3H-pyrazolo[1-2-a]benzo[1-2-3-4]tetrazin-3-ones, design synthesis and biological activity of new antitumoral agents

2005

1-Methylpyrazolo[1,2-a]benzo[1,2,3,4]tetrazin-3-ones 4, synthesized in good to excellent yields, were designed as novel alkylating agents because of their peculiar chemical behavior. All derivatives showed antiproliferative activity against more than 50 types of tumor cell lines with GI50 reaching sub-micromolar values. SAR studies revealed that the presence of a chlorine atom is well-tolerated in both positions 8 and 9, whereas in the case of the methyl group, switching from the 8 to the 9 position gives rise to the most active compound of the series, 4g, either for the number of cell lines inhibited and for selectivity against leukaemia and renal cancer subpanels. COMPARE and 3D-MIND comp…

antiproliferative activityQuantitative structure–activity relationshipStereochemistry2-a]benzotetrazinoneQuantitative Structure-Activity RelationshipRifamycinsAntineoplastic Agents1-Methylpyrazolo[12-a]benzo[1234]tetrazin-3-oneChemical synthesischemistry.chemical_compoundantiproliferativeCell Line TumorDrug DiscoveryCOMPARE and 3D-MIND analysisHumansComputer Simulationpyrazolo[1CytotoxicityBiological activityCytidinechemistryDrug Designantitumor agentMolecular MedicinePyrazolesDrug Screening Assays AntitumorSelectivityHeterocyclic Compounds 3-RingMethyl group
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Molecular dynamics of electrosprayed water nanodroplets containing sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate

2013

The behavior of aqueous solutions of sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate (AOTNa) subject to electrospray ionization (ESI) has been investigated by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations at three temperatures (350, 500 and 800 K). We consider several types of water nanodroplets containing AOTNa molecules and composed of a fixed number of water molecules (1000), N(AOT)(0) AOT(-) anions (N(AOT)(0) =  0, 5, 10) and N(Na)(0) sodium ions (N(Na)(0) =  0, 5, 10, 15, 20): in a short time scale (less than 1 ns), the AOTNa molecules, initially forming direct micelles in the interior of the water nanodroplets, are observed in all cases to diffuse nearby the nanodroplet surface, so that the hydrophilic …

aqueous nanodropletsDioctyl Sulfosuccinic AcidSpectrometry Mass Electrospray Ionizationaqueous nanodropletelectrospray ionizationWaterAOTNa; electrospray ionization; aqueous nanodroplets; charged reversemicelle-like aggregates;molecular dynamics simulationAOTNaelectrospray ionizationaqueous nanodropletscharged reverse micelle-like aggregatesmolecular dynamics simulationcharged reverse micelle-like aggregatescharged reversemicelle-like aggregatemolecular dynamics simulationAOTNaNanoparticlesParticle SizeMicellesSettore CHIM/02 - Chimica Fisica
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Simulating Secularities: Challenges and Opportunities in the Computational Science of (Non)Religion

2021

This article provides scholars of nonreligion and secularism with an introduction to some of the major opportunities and challenges associated with the growing application of computational methods to the phenomena they study. It also illustrates these opportunities and challenges by describing several overlapping research projects and some of the models of (non)religion they have produced. Finally, the article addresses some of the significant philosophical issues surrounding the use of computer modeling and simulation, focusing on the ethical and epistemological concerns that these tools often raise. I invite scholars of nonreligion to consider adding these techniques to their methodologic…

asadHistoryReligions. Mythology. RationalismSociology and Political ScienceReligious studiessocial simulationnonreligionBL1-2790cognitive science humanities social scienceGender StudiesPhilosophysecularitiesAnthropologycomputer modeling; social simulation; nonreligion; secularities; Asad; AtranatranJoin (sigma algebra)Engineering ethicsSociologySecularismVDP::Humaniora: 000::Teologi og religionsvitenskap: 150::Religionsvitenskap religionshistorie: 153computer modelingSocial simulationSecularism and Nonreligion
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Dust environment of an airless object: A phase space study with kinetic models

2016

Abstract The study of dust above the lunar surface is important for both science and technology. Dust particles are electrically charged due to impact of the solar radiation and the solar wind plasma and, therefore, they affect the plasma above the lunar surface. Dust is also a health hazard for crewed missions because micron and sub-micron sized dust particles can be toxic and harmful to the human body. Dust also causes malfunctions in mechanical devices and is therefore a risk for spacecraft and instruments on the lunar surface. Properties of dust particles above the lunar surface are not fully known. However, it can be stated that their large surface area to volume ratio due to their irr…

asteroidsDusty plasma010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesPlasma parametersta221ta1171plasma–surface interactionPlasma-surface interactionElectronAstrophysics01 natural sciences7. Clean energyInterplanetary dust cloud0103 physical scienceskinetic particle simulationsta216Moon010303 astronomy & astrophysics0105 earth and related environmental sciencesPhysicsta115ta213ta114Astronomy and AstrophysicsPlasmaComputational physicsspace plasmaSolar windSurface-area-to-volume ratio13. Climate actionSpace and Planetary SciencePhysics::Space PhysicsAstrophysical plasmadustAstrophysics::Earth and Planetary AstrophysicsPlanetary and Space Science
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Photochemistry of oxidized Hg(I) and Hg(II) species suggests missing mercury oxidation in the troposphere.

2020

8 pags., 5 figs., 2 tabs.

atmospheric chemistryAtmospheric chemistry010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesTropospheric chemistryMercury photoreductionchemistry.chemical_elementatmospheric modelingAtmospheric model010501 environmental sciencesPhotochemistry01 natural sciencesTroposphereMercury oxidationComputer SimulationGas-phase mercury reactivitygas-phase mercury reactivity0105 earth and related environmental sciencesmercury photoreductionThermal oxidationMultidisciplinaryAtmospherePhotodissociationCorrectionMercuryModels TheoreticalPhotochemical Processestropospheric chemistryMercury (element)Atmospheric modelingDeposition (aerosol physics)chemistry13. Climate actionAtmospheric chemistry[CHIM.OTHE]Chemical Sciences/OtherOxidation-ReductionProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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Optimal recovery of a radiating source with multiple frequencies along one line

2020

We study an inverse problem where an unknown radiating source is observed with collimated detectors along a single line and the medium has a known attenuation. The research is motivated by applications in SPECT and beam hardening. If measurements are carried out with frequencies ranging in an open set, we show that the source density is uniquely determined by these measurements up to averaging over levelsets of the integrated attenuation. This leads to a generalized Laplace transform. We also discuss some numerical approaches and demonstrate the results with several examples.

attenuated Radon transformMultispectralRAYUniqueness theorem01 natural sciencesinversio-ongelmat44A10 (Primary) 65R32 44A60 46N40 65Z05 (Secondary)030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging0302 clinical medicine111 MathematicsDiscrete Mathematics and CombinatoricstietokonetomografiaPharmacology (medical)INVERSIONnuclear medicineBeam hardeningPhysicsLaplace transformDetectorNumerical Analysis (math.NA)Inverse problemuniqueness theoremFunctional Analysis (math.FA)Mathematics - Functional AnalysisMultiplicative system theoremkuvantaminensovellettu matematiikkaModeling and SimulationSPECTLine (geometry)numeerinen analyysipositroniemissiotomografiaemission computed tomographyAttenuated Radon transformEmission computed tomographyControl and OptimizationLaplace transformmultispectralOpen setCollimated light03 medical and health sciencesnuclear medicine.multiplicative system theoremFOS: Mathematicsinverse source problemMathematics - Numerical Analysis0101 mathematicsAttenuation010102 general mathematicsInverse source problemRangingComputational physicsTENSOR TOMOGRAPHYPETbeam hardeningNuclear MedicineAnalysis
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Apport de l’analyse d’un espace transfrontalier à travers la modélisation et la simulation du développement urbain. Le cas Strasbourg – Kehl

2017

National audience; Étudier et comprendre les processus de changement d’occupation du sol en général, quel qu’en soit le contexte présente une base nécessaire à l’appréhension des divers champs de recherche (changement climatique, imperméabilisation des sols, préservation des écosystèmes, aménagement urbain,mobilité résidentielle et quotidienne, qualité du cadre vie, etc). Le développement urbain est un point particulier qui attire l’attention par les enjeux qu’il représente(socio-économiques, politiques, etc.).

automate cellulaires[SHS.GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geographyarbres de décision[SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geographyespace frontalierdéveloppement urbainsimulation[ SHS.GEO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography
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Conceptual design and simulation of a water Cherenkov muon veto for the XENON1T experiment

2014

XENON is a direct detection dark matter project, consisting of a time projection chamber (TPC) that uses xenon in double phase as a sensitive detection medium. XENON100, located at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS) in Italy, is one of the most sensitive experiments of its field. During the operation of XENON100, the design and construction of the next generation detector (of ton-scale mass) of the XENON project, XENON1T, is taking place. XENON1T is being installed at LNGS as well. It has the goal to reduce the background by two orders of magnitude compared to XENON100, aiming at a sensitivity of $2 \cdot 10^{-47} \mathrm{cm}^{\mathrm{2}}$ for a WIMP mass of 50 GeV/c$^{2}$. With…

axionsPhysics - Instrumentation and Detectors[PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM]Cherenkov and transition radiationCherenkov detectorPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsDark matterDetector modelling and simulations I (interaction of radiation with matterchemistry.chemical_elementFOS: Physical sciences01 natural scienceslaw.inventionNuclear physicsXenonWIMPlawCherenkov and transition radiation Detector modelling and simulations Cherenkov detectors Dark Matter detectorsetc.)0103 physical sciences[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]010306 general physicsInstrumentationInstrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)Dark Matter detectors (WIMPsMathematical PhysicsCherenkov radiationetc)PhysicsMuonTime projection chamber010308 nuclear & particles physicsCherenkov detectorsDetectorAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysicsinteraction of photons with matterInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)Cherenkov and transition radiation; Cherenkov detectors; Dark Matter detectors (WIMPs axions etc.); Detector modelling and simulations I (interaction of radiation with matter; interaction of hadrons with matter etc); interaction of photons with matter[SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM]interaction of hadrons with matterchemistryHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentAstrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsJOURNAL OF INSTRUMENTATION
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Comparison between simulated and observed LHC beam backgrounds in the ATLAS experiment at E beam =4 TeV

2018

Results of dedicated Monte Carlo simulations of beam-induced background (BIB) in the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) are presented and compared with data recorded in 2012. During normal physics operation this background arises mainly from scattering of the 4 TeV protons on residual gas in the beam pipe. Methods of reconstructing the BIB signals in the ATLAS detector, developed and implemented in the simulation chain based on the FLUKA Monte Carlo simulation package, are described. The interaction rates are determined from the residual gas pressure distribution in the LHC ring in order to set an absolute scale on the predicted rates of BIB so that they can be compared qua…

background [beam]background: inducedPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsCiencias FísicasMonte Carlo method01 natural sciencesHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentSubatomär fysik//purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https]High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)beam lossesSubatomic Physicsscattering [p p][PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]and programsInstrumentationQCMathematical PhysicsPhysicsLarge Hadron ColliderRadiation calculationsAtlas (topology)Accelerator modelling and simulations (multi-particle dynamics; single-particle dynamics)DetectorATLAS experimentSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleSimulation methods and programBeams (radiation) Accelerator modelling and simulations (multi-particle dynamics;; single-particle dynamics); Radiation calculations; Simulation methods; and programs; DETECTOR; SEARCHObservableAccelerator modelling and simulations (multi-particle dynamicMonte Carlo [numerical calculations]ATLASNuclear & Particles PhysicsAccelerator modelling and simulationsCERN LHC Coll collimators beam: backgroundcolliding beams [p p]numerical calculations: Monte CarloCIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTASParticle Physics - Experimentp p: scatteringAccelerator modelling and simulations (multi-particle dynamics; Radiation calculations; Simulation methods and programs; single-particle dynamics); Instrumentation; Mathematical Physics530 PhysicsCiências Naturais::Ciências Físicas:Ciências Físicas [Ciências Naturais]FOS: Physical sciencesFísica de Partículas y CamposAccelerator Physics and InstrumentationNuclear physicsFLUKAsingle-particle dynamics)ATLAS LHC High Energy PhysicsHIGH ENERGY PHYSICSSEARCH0103 physical sciencesddc:610010306 general physicsAbsolute scaleDETECTORpressure [gas]Science & Technology010308 nuclear & particles physicsScatteringhep-exRadiation calculationscatteringAcceleratorfysik och instrumentering//purl.org/becyt/ford/1.3 [https]ghostAccelerator modelling and simulations (multi-particle dynamicsSimulation methodscorrelationinduced [background]Experimental High Energy Physicsgas: pressureSimulation methods and programsp p: colliding beamsexperimental results
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