Search results for "Simulations"

showing 10 items of 288 documents

A Monte Carlo Study of Knots in Long Double-Stranded DNA Chains.

2016

We determine knotting probabilities and typical sizes of knots in double-stranded DNA for chains of up to half a million base pairs with computer simulations of a coarse-grained bead-stick model: Single trefoil knots and composite knots which include at least one trefoil as a prime factor are shown to be common in DNA chains exceeding 250,000 base pairs, assuming physiologically relevant salt conditions. The analysis is motivated by the emergence of DNA nanopore sequencing technology, as knots are a potential cause of erroneous nucleotide reads in nanopore sequencing devices and may severely limit read lengths in the foreseeable future. Even though our coarse-grained model is only based on …

PolymersMaterials by StructureMolecular biologyMaterials ScienceElectrophoretic techniquesDNA electrophoresisNucleotide SequencingMolecular Dynamics SimulationBiochemistryNanoporesSequencing techniquesMathematical and Statistical Techniquesstomatognathic systemGeneticsBiochemical SimulationsNanotechnologyDNA sequencingMaterials by AttributeNanomaterialsQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesBiology and life sciencesMathematical Modelsfood and beveragesComputational BiologyDNAPolymer ChemistryMathematics::Geometric TopologyResearch and analysis methodsNucleic acidsChemistrysurgical procedures operativeMolecular biology techniquesMacromoleculesRandom WalkPhysical SciencesNucleic Acid ConformationEngineering and TechnologyMonte Carlo MethodResearch ArticlePLoS computational biology
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The positioning system of the ANTARES Neutrino Telescope

2012

The ANTARES neutrino telescope, located 40km off the coast of Toulon in the Mediterranean Sea at a mooring depth of about 2475m, consists of twelve detection lines equipped typically with 25 storeys. Every storey carries three optical modules that detect Cherenkov light induced by charged secondary particles (typically muons) coming from neutrino interactions. As these lines are flexible structures fixed to the sea bed and held taut by a buoy, sea currents cause the lines to move and the storeys to rotate. The knowledge of the position of the optical modules with a precision better than 10cm is essential for a good reconstruction of particle tracks. In this paper the ANTARES positioning sys…

Positioning systemDetector control systems (detector and experiment monitoring and slow-control systems architecture hardware algorithms databases)Detector modelling and simulations II (electric fieldsDetector alignment and calibration methods (lasers sources particle-beams)01 natural sciencesTiming detectorshardwareDetector alignment and calibration methods010303 astronomy & astrophysicsInstrumentationDETECTOR ALIGMENTMathematical PhysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)PhysicsSOUND[SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]Orientation (computer vision)[SDU.ASTR.HE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE]DetectorAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsTriangulation (computer vision)particle-beams)GeodesyDETECTOR CONTROL SYSTEMDetector modelling and simulations II (electric fields charge transport multiplication and induction pulse formation electron emission etc)Física nuclearNeutrinoAstrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomenadatabases)sources[PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE]pulse formationarchitecture[PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM]Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesddc:500.2DETECTOR MODELLING AND SIMULATIONSDetector modelling and simulations IIalgorithmsPhysics::Geophysics0103 physical sciences14. Life underwaterInstrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)Cherenkov radiationetc)multiplication and inductionBuoyDetector control systems010308 nuclear & particles physicsDetector control systems (detector and experiment monitoring and slow-control systemsMooringcharge transport[SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM]Detector alignment and calibration methods (laserselectron emissionFISICA APLICADAdetector modelling and simulations ii (electric fields; antares neutrino telescope; multiplication and induction; charge transport; pulse formation; electron emission; etc); hardware; architecture; timing detectors; detector control systems (detector and experiment monitoring and slow-control systems; algorithms; databases); sources; detector alignment; calibration.; acoustic positioning; detector alignment and calibration methods (lasers; particle-beams)
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Power Quality Savings with Controlled Fault-Tolerant Power Converters

2011

Power quality is simply the interaction of electrical power with electrical equipments. If electrical equipments operate correctly and reliably without being damaged or stressed, a suitable level of power quality is assured. On the other hand, if the electrical equipment malfunctions, is unreliable, or is damaged during normal usage, power quality is poor and probably the economical loss could be preeminent over the technical one. In the scenario of the Distributed generation power quality issues will be more- over important because an higher dissemination of power conditioning equip- ment will be requested and this obviously will increase the sources of vulnera- bility for the electrical s…

Power Quality Fault Tolerant Converters Control and SimulationsSettore ING-IND/32 - Convertitori Macchine E Azionamenti Elettrici
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Aprendizaje de los fundamentos de la probabilidad apoyado en las TICs

2012

La red puede utilizarse como una herramienta docente más en Estadística, ya que en ella se puede acceder a numerosos recursos que pueden incorporarse a la docencia. En este artículo se describe un proyecto de integración de las denominadas simulaciones interactivas en una de las ramas de la Estadística en las que se pueden emplear: la probabilidad. El uso de estos recursos permite al alumno aprender de su propia experiencia y visualizar los conceptos estadísticos, lo que contribuye a mejorar su proceso de aprendizaje.

Probability and StatisticsICTlcsh:Llcsh:L7-991Interactive simulationslcsh:Education (General)lcsh:Education@tic. revista d'innovació educativa
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A potential solution to avoid overdose of mixed drugs in the event of Covid-19: Nanomedicine at the heart of the Covid-19 pandemic.

2021

Since 2020, the world is facing the first global pandemic of 21st century. Among all the solutions proposed to treat this new strain of coronavirus, named SARS-CoV-2, the vaccine seems a promising way but the delays are too long to be implemented quickly. In the emergency, a dual therapy has shown its effectiveness but has also provoked a set of debates around the dangerousness of a particular molecule, hydroxychloroquine. In particular, the doses to be delivered, according to the studies, were well beyond the acceptable doses to support the treatment without side effects. We propose here to use all the advantages of nanovectorization to address this question of concentration. Using quantum…

Protein Conformation alpha-HelicalComputer science02 engineering and technologyAzithromycinDrug Delivery SystemsPandemicMaterials ChemistryDrug Dosage CalculationsSpectroscopymedia_common0303 health sciencesEvent (computing)021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyComputer Graphics and Computer-Aided DesignMolecular Docking SimulationNanomedicineRisk analysis (engineering)Spike Glycoprotein CoronavirusDensity functional theory calculationsNanomedicineThermodynamicsNitrogen OxidesAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme 20210 nano-technologyHydroxychloroquineProtein BindingDrugBoron CompoundsCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)media_common.quotation_subjectSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)Molecular Dynamics SimulationAntiviral AgentsArticle03 medical and health sciencesHumansProtein Interaction Domains and MotifsDual therapyPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry030304 developmental biologyDrug transportBinding SitesSARS-CoV-2Molecular dynamics simulationsCOVID-19NanostructuresCOVID-19 Drug TreatmentKineticsQuantum TheoryProtein Conformation beta-StrandNanovectorizationJournal of molecular graphicsmodelling
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Missing value imputation in proximity extension assay-based targeted proteomics data

2020

Targeted proteomics utilizing antibody-based proximity extension assays provides sensitive and highly specific quantifications of plasma protein levels. Multivariate analysis of this data is hampered by frequent missing values (random or left censored), calling for imputation approaches. While appropriate missing-value imputation methods exist, benchmarks of their performance in targeted proteomics data are lacking. Here, we assessed the performance of two methods for imputation of values missing completely at random, the previously top-benchmarked ‘missForest’ and the recently published ‘GSimp’ method. Evaluation was accomplished by comparing imputed with remeasured relative concentrations…

ProteomicsMaleMultivariate analysisProtein ExpressionBiochemistryProtein expressionDatabase and Informatics MethodsLimit of DetectionStatisticsMedicine and Health SciencesBiochemical SimulationsImputation (statistics)Immune ResponseMathematicsMultidisciplinaryProteomic DatabasesQREukaryotaBlood ProteinsVenous ThromboembolismPlantsMiddle AgedLegumesTargeted proteomicssymbolsEngineering and TechnologyMedicineFemaleAlgorithmsResearch ArticleQuality ControlAdultScienceImmunologyResearch and Analysis Methodssymbols.namesakeSigns and SymptomsBiasIndustrial EngineeringProtein Concentration AssaysGene Expression and Vector TechniquesMissing value imputationHumansMolecular Biology TechniquesMolecular BiologyAgedInflammationMolecular Biology Assays and Analysis TechniquesInterleukin-6OrganismsPeasBiology and Life SciencesComputational BiologyMissing dataPearson product-moment correlation coefficientBiological DatabasesMultivariate AnalysisClinical MedicineVenous thromboembolismPLOS ONE
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Charge-Neutral Constant pH Molecular Dynamics Simulations Using a Parsimonious Proton Buffer

2016

In constant pH molecular dynamics simulations, the protonation states of titratable sites can respond to changes of the pH and of their electrostatic environment. Consequently, the number of protons bound to the biomolecule, and therefore the overall charge of the system, fluctuates during the simulation. To avoid artifacts associated with a non-neutral simulation system, we introduce an approach to maintain neutrality of the simulation box in constant pH molecular dynamics simulations, while maintaining an accurate description of all protonation fluctuations. Specifically, we introduce a proton buffer that, like a buffer in experiment, can exchange protons with the biomolecule enabling its…

ProtonprotonationAnalytical chemistryProtonationBuffersMolecular Dynamics Simulation010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesBuffer (optical fiber)Molecular dynamics0103 physical sciencesPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryNuclear Experimentta116chemistry.chemical_classificationQuantitative Biology::Biomolecules010304 chemical physicspHQuantitative Biology::Molecular NetworksBiomoleculeProteinsCharge (physics)molecular dynamics simulationselectrostatic environmentHydrogen-Ion Concentration0104 chemical sciencesComputer Science ApplicationschemistryChemical physicsThermodynamicsTitrationbufferProtonsConstant (mathematics)Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation
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Elucidating the catalytic reaction mechanism of orotate phosphoribosyltransferase by means of X-ray crystallography and computational simulations

2020

15 p.-8 fig.-2 tab.1 graph. abst.+ 8 fig. supl.-1 tab. supl.

PyrimidineStereochemistry010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesCatalysisEnzyme catalysischemistry.chemical_compoundOrotidineNucleotideReaction mechanismchemistry.chemical_classificationMD simulations010405 organic chemistryHydrogen bondEnzyme catalysisGeneral ChemistryTautomer0104 chemical sciencesPyrimidine metabolismOrotate phosphoribosyltransferasechemistryPyrimidine metabolismOrotate phosphoribosyltransferaseQM/MM methodsX-ray structure
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Light hadrons from lattice QCD with light (u, d), strange and charm dynamical quarks

2010

We present results of lattice QCD simulations with mass-degenerate up and down and mass-split strange and charm (N_f = 2+1+1) dynamical quarks using Wilson twisted mass fermions at maximal twist. The tuning of the strange and charm quark masses is performed at two values of the lattice spacing a~0.078 fm and a~0.086 fm with lattice sizes ranging from L~1.9 fm to L~2.8 fm. We measure with high statistical precision the light pseudoscalar mass m_PS and decay constant f_PS in a range 270 < m_PS < 510 MeV and determine the low energy parameters f_0, l_3 and l_4 of SU(2) chiral perturbation theory. We use the two values of the lattice spacing, several lattice sizes as well as different values of…

QuarkNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsChiral perturbation theoryHigh Energy Physics::LatticeHadronCharm quarkFOS: Physical sciencesLattice QCD2 FLAVORS01 natural sciencesCHIRAL PERTURBATION-THEORYCharm quarkLattice constantHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)High Energy Physics - LatticeTWISTED MASS FERMIONSChiral perturbation theoryWILSON QUARKS0103 physical sciencesddc:530ALGORITHM010306 general physicsSCALEPhysics010308 nuclear & particles physics[PHYS.HLAT]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Lattice [hep-lat]High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)High Energy Physics::PhenomenologyFísicaFermionLattice QCDSIMULATIONSPseudoscalarHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyLattice gauge theoryChiral LagrangiansYANG-MILLS THEORYHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentPHASE-STRUCTUREMESONChiral lagrangiansLight hadronsJournal of High Energy Physics
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Additional Evidence for a Pulsar Wind Nebula in the Heart of SN 1987A from Multiepoch X-Ray Data and MHD Modeling

2022

Since the day of its explosion, supernova (SN) 1987A has been closely monitored to study its evolution and to detect its central compact relic. In fact, the formation of a neutron star is strongly supported by the detection of neutrinos from the SN. However, besides the detection in the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) data of a feature that is compatible with the emission arising from a proto-pulsar wind nebula (PWN), the only hint for the existence of such elusive compact object is provided by the detection of hard emission in NuSTAR data up to ~ 20 keV. We report on the simultaneous analysis of multi-epoch observations of SN 1987A performed with Chandra, XMM-Newton and…

SHARPSupernova remnantsAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaNeutron starFOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsX-ray sourcesNeutron starsX-ray sourceX-ray astronomyMagnetohydrodynamical simulationSettore FIS/05 - Astronomia E AstrofisicaSupernova remnantPulsarPlasma astrophysicsPlasma astrophysicX-ray point sourcesX-ray observatoriesShocksCompact objectsPulsarsAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)Horizon 2020Magnetohydrodynamical simulationsShockAstronomy and AstrophysicsX-ray point sourceInterstellar synchrotron emissionX-ray observatorieSpace and Planetary ScienceEuropean Union (EU)Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaCompact objectThe Astrophysical Journal
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